{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:54:39Z","timestamp":1790834079446,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]],"date-time":"2022-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]],"date-time":"2022-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014840","name":"Gemeinsame Bundesausschuss","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VF1_2016\u2013058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VF1_2016\u2013058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014840","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012681","name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum K\u00f6ln","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study analyzes whether the association between parental internalizing symptoms (depression, anxiety, stress) and child symptoms of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is mediated by positive and negative parenting behaviors. Cross-sectional data of 420 parents of children (age 6\u201312\u00a0years) with elevated levels of externalizing symptoms were collected in a randomized controlled trial. Measures included parent ratings of their internalizing symptoms and parenting behaviors and of their child\u2019s externalizing symptoms. Two mediation models were examined, one including ADHD symptoms and one including ODD symptoms as the dependent variable. Parental internalizing symptoms were modeled as the independent variable and positive and negative parenting behaviors were modeled as parallel mediators. Regression analyses support negative parenting behavior as a mediator of the association between parental internalizing symptoms and child ODD symptoms. For the ADHD model, no significant mediator could be found. Future studies should use prospective designs and consider reciprocal associations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-022-01462-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]],"date-time":"2022-10-28T06:10:41Z","timestamp":1666937441000},"page":"916-928","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Parenting Behaviors as Mediators of the Association Between Parental Internalizing Symptoms and Child Externalizing Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1394-5818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie-Theres","family":"Klemp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Dose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Hautmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea T.","family":"Jendreizik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"M\u00fchlenmeister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Pl\u00fcck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"W\u00e4hnke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"D\u00f6pfner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"1462_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12381","volume":"56","author":"GV Polanczyk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Polanczyk GV, Salum GA, Sugaya LS et al (2015) Annual research review: a meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 56:345\u2013365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.12381","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1462_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. American Psychiatric Association","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"1462_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2015) International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision, 5th edn, 2016. World Health Organization"},{"key":"1462_CR4","first-page":"586","volume":"93","author":"M Riley","year":"2016","unstructured":"Riley M, Ahmed S, Locke A (2016) Common questions about oppositional defiant disorder. Am Fam Physician 93:586\u2013591","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1462_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"I80","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-004-1008-4","volume":"13","author":"C Gillberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gillberg C, Gillberg IC, Rasmussen P et al (2004) Co-existing disorders in ADHD\u2014implications for diagnosis and intervention. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 13(Suppl 1):I80-92. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-004-1008-4","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1462_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.43.1.70","volume":"43","author":"AM Chronis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chronis AM, Lahey BB, Pelham WE et al (2007) Maternal depression and early positive parenting predict future conduct problems in young children with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder. Dev Psychol 43:70\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0012-1649.43.1.70","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3451","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-016-0499-1","volume":"25","author":"K Cheung","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cheung K, Theule J (2016) Parental psychopathology in families of children with ADHD: a meta-analysis. J Child Fam Stud 25:3451\u20133461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10826-016-0499-1","journal-title":"J Child Fam Stud"},{"key":"1462_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-009-0159-4","volume":"41","author":"LC Deault","year":"2010","unstructured":"Deault LC (2010) A systematic review of parenting in relation to the development of comorbidities and functional impairments in children with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 41:168\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-009-0159-4","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"},{"key":"1462_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/1063426610387433","volume":"21","author":"J Theule","year":"2013","unstructured":"Theule J, Wiener J, Tannock R et al (2013) Parenting stress in families of children with ADHD. J Emot Behav Disord 21:3\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1063426610387433","journal-title":"J Emot Behav Disord"},{"key":"1462_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0214412","volume":"14","author":"A W\u00fcstner","year":"2019","unstructured":"W\u00fcstner A, Otto C, Schlack R et al (2019) Risk and protective factors for the development of ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents: results of the longitudinal BELLA study. PLoS ONE 14:e0214412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0214412","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1462_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-011-1524-4","volume":"171","author":"A Cussen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cussen A, Sciberras E, Ukoumunne OC et al (2012) Relationship between symptoms of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and family functioning: a community-based study. Eur J Pediatr 171:271\u2013280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-011-1524-4","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"1462_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026667720478","volume":"4","author":"D Civic","year":"2000","unstructured":"Civic D, Holt VL (2000) Maternal depressive symptoms and child behavior problems in a nationally representative normal birthweight sample. Matern Child Health J 4:215\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1026667720478","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"key":"1462_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3203_05","volume":"32","author":"FJ Elgar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Elgar FJ, Curtis LJ, McGrath PJ et al (2003) Antecedent-consequence conditions in maternal mood and child adjustment: a four-year cross-lagged study. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 32:362\u2013374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3203_05","journal-title":"J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025672","volume":"79","author":"EA Harvey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Harvey EA, Metcalfe LA, Herbert SD et al (2011) The role of family experiences and ADHD in the early development of oppositional defiant disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol 79:784\u2013795. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0025672","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.138","volume":"68","author":"C Gal\u00e9ra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gal\u00e9ra C, C\u00f4t\u00e9 SM, Bouvard MP et al (2011) Early risk factors for hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention trajectories from age 17 months to 8 years. Arch Gen Psychiatry 68:1267\u20131275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.138","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"1462_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-010-9433-y","volume":"38","author":"CD Kouros","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kouros CD, Garber J (2010) Dynamic associations between maternal depressive symptoms and adolescents\u2019 depressive and externalizing symptoms. J Abnorm Child Psychol 38:1069\u20131081. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-010-9433-y","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3004_07","volume":"30","author":"CL Podolski","year":"2001","unstructured":"Podolski CL, Nigg JT (2001) Parent stress and coping in relation to child ADHD severity and associated child disruptive behavior problems. J Clin Child Psychol 30:503\u2013513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3004_07","journal-title":"J Clin Child Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-006-9082-3","volume":"35","author":"AP Williford","year":"2007","unstructured":"Williford AP, Calkins SD, Keane SP (2007) Predicting change in parenting stress across early childhood: child and maternal factors. J Abnorm Child Psychol 35:251\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-006-9082-3","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22504","volume":"74","author":"Z Ant\u00fanez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ant\u00fanez Z, La Osa N, de, Granero R et al (2018) Reciprocity between parental psychopathology and oppositional symptoms from preschool to middle childhood. J Clin Psychol 74:489\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jclp.22504","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579409000091","volume":"21","author":"HE Gross","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gross HE, Shaw DS, Burwell RA et al (2009) Transactional processes in child disruptive behavior and maternal depression: a longitudinal study from early childhood to adolescence. Dev Psychopathol 21:139\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954579409000091","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"1462_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1111\/jomf.12163","volume":"77","author":"JS Mackler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mackler JS, Kelleher RT, Shanahan L et al (2015) Parenting stress, parental reactions, and externalizing behavior from ages 4 to 10. J Marriage Fam 77:388\u2013406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jomf.12163","journal-title":"J Marriage Fam"},{"key":"1462_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.106.3.458","volume":"106","author":"SH Goodman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Goodman SH, Gotlib IH (1999) Risk for psychopathology in the children of depressed mothers: a developmental model for understanding mechanisms of transmission. Psychol Rev 106:458\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.106.3.458","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"1462_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-010-0080-1","volume":"14","author":"SH Goodman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Goodman SH, Rouse MH, Connell AM et al (2011) Maternal depression and child psychopathology: a meta-analytic review. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 14:1\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10567-010-0080-1","journal-title":"Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev"},{"key":"1462_CR24","unstructured":"Hayes AF (2018) Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: a regression-based approach, Second edition. Methodology in the social sciences. Guilford Press, New York"},{"key":"1462_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.40.3.879","volume":"40","author":"KJ Preacher","year":"2008","unstructured":"Preacher KJ, Hayes AF (2008) Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behav Res Methods 40:879\u2013891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BRM.40.3.879","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"1462_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.44.2.329","volume":"44","author":"GR Patterson","year":"1989","unstructured":"Patterson GR, DeBaryshe BD, Ramsey E (1989) A developmental perspective on antisocial behavior. Am Psychol 44:329\u2013335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/\/0003-066x.44.2.329","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-009-0086-8","volume":"19","author":"CJM Buschgens","year":"2010","unstructured":"Buschgens CJM, van Aken MAG, Swinkels SHN et al (2010) Externalizing behaviors in preadolescents: familial risk to externalizing behaviors and perceived parenting styles. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 19:567\u2013575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-009-0086-8","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1462_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2010.10.052","volume":"7","author":"LP Gaik","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gaik LP, Abdullah MC, Elias H et al (2010) Development of antisocial behaviour. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 7:383\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sbspro.2010.10.052","journal-title":"Procedia Soc Behav Sci"},{"key":"1462_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797620968532","volume":"32","author":"SA Burt","year":"2021","unstructured":"Burt SA, Clark DA, Gershoff ET et al (2021) Twin differences in harsh parenting predict youth\u2019s antisocial behavior. Psychol Sci 32:395\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956797620968532","journal-title":"Psychol Sci"},{"key":"1462_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-005-6737-4","volume":"33","author":"LJ Pfiffner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pfiffner LJ, McBurnett K, Rathouz PJ et al (2005) Family correlates of oppositional and conduct disorders in children with attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder. J Abnorm Child Psychol 33:551\u2013563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-005-6737-4","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-013-9341-x","volume":"35","author":"DJ Hawes","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hawes DJ, Dadds MR, Frost ADJ et al (2013) Parenting practices and prospective levels of hyperactivity\/inattention across early- and middle-childhood. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 35:273\u2013282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10862-013-9341-x","journal-title":"J Psychopathol Behav Assess"},{"key":"1462_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2018.1437737","volume":"48","author":"RP Breaux","year":"2019","unstructured":"Breaux RP, Harvey EA (2019) A longitudinal study of the relation between family functioning and preschool ADHD symptoms. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 48:749\u2013764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15374416.2018.1437737","journal-title":"J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2012.04343.x","volume":"22","author":"DH Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim DH, Yoo IY (2013) Relationship between attention deficit hyperactive disorder symptoms and perceived parenting practices of school-age children. J Clin Nurs 22:1133\u20131139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2012.04343.x","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"1462_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-016-0216-z","volume":"19","author":"MR Dvorsky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dvorsky MR, Langberg JM (2016) A review of factors that promote resilience in youth with ADHD and ADHD symptoms. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 19:368\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10567-016-0216-z","journal-title":"Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev"},{"key":"1462_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-015-0096-6","volume":"44","author":"JD Reuben","year":"2016","unstructured":"Reuben JD, Shaw DS, Neiderhiser JM et al (2016) Warm parenting and effortful control in toddlerhood: independent and interactive predictors of school-age externalizing behavior. J Abnorm Child Psychol 44:1083\u20131096. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-015-0096-6","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945909359409","volume":"32","author":"N Letourneau","year":"2010","unstructured":"Letourneau N, Salmani M, Duffett-Leger L (2010) Maternal depressive symptoms and parenting of children from birth to 12 years. West J Nurs Res 32:662\u2013685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0193945909359409","journal-title":"West J Nurs Res"},{"key":"1462_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2009.01037.x","volume":"36","author":"A Waylen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Waylen A, Stewart-Brown S (2010) Factors influencing parenting in early childhood: a prospective longitudinal study focusing on change. Child Care Health Dev 36:198\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2009.01037.x","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"key":"1462_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/02646830600644021","volume":"24","author":"AM Cornish","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cornish AM, McMahon CA, Ungerer JA et al (2006) Maternal depression and the experience of parenting in the second postnatal year. J Reprod Infant Psychol 24:121\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02646830600644021","journal-title":"J Reprod Infant Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3301_16","volume":"33","author":"TB Kashdan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kashdan TB, Jacob RG, Pelham WE et al (2004) Depression and anxiety in parents of children with ADHD and varying levels of oppositional defiant behaviors: modeling relationships with family functioning. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 33:169\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3301_16","journal-title":"J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.7334\/psicothema2014.102","volume":"26","author":"E Trepat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Trepat E, Granero R, Ezpeleta L (2014) Parenting practices as mediating variables between parents\u2019 psychopathology and oppositional defiant disorder in preschoolers. Psicothema 26:497\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7334\/psicothema2014.102","journal-title":"Psicothema"},{"key":"1462_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-007-9145-0","volume":"35","author":"FJ Elgar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Elgar FJ, Mills RSL, McGrath PJ et al (2007) Maternal and paternal depressive symptoms and child maladjustment: the mediating role of parental behavior. J Abnorm Child Psychol 35:943\u2013955. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-007-9145-0","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1080\/17405629.2013.848789","volume":"11","author":"DE Dette-Hagenmeyer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dette-Hagenmeyer DE, Reichle B (2014) Parents\u2019 depressive symptoms and children\u2019s adjustment over time are mediated by parenting, but differentially for fathers and mothers. Eur J Dev Psychol 11:196\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17405629.2013.848789","journal-title":"Eur J Dev Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-015-0309-1","volume":"25","author":"MMEM van Doorn","year":"2016","unstructured":"van Doorn MMEM, Kuijpers RCWM, Lichtwarck-Aschoff A et al (2016) Does mother\u2013child interaction mediate the relation between maternal depressive symptoms and children\u2019s mental health problems? J Child Fam Stud 25:1257\u20131268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10826-015-0309-1","journal-title":"J Child Fam Stud"},{"key":"1462_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2014.10.001","volume":"34","author":"R Forehand","year":"2014","unstructured":"Forehand R, Lafko N, Parent J et al (2014) Is parenting the mediator of change in behavioral parent training for externalizing problems of youth? Clin Psychol Rev 34:608\u2013619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2014.10.001","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"1462_CR45","volume-title":"Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a handbook for diagnosis and treatment","author":"RA Barkley","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barkley RA (2006) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a handbook for diagnosis and treatment, 3rd edn. Guilford Press, New York","edition":"3"},{"key":"1462_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-015-9712-z","volume":"45","author":"EL de Zeeuw","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Zeeuw EL, van Beijsterveldt CEM, Lubke GH et al (2015) Childhood ODD and ADHD behavior: the effect of classroom sharing, gender, teacher gender and their interactions. Behav Genet 45:394\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10519-015-9712-z","journal-title":"Behav Genet"},{"key":"1462_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000090","volume":"125","author":"EA Harvey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Harvey EA, Breaux RP, Lugo-Candelas CI (2016) Early development of comorbidity between symptoms of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). J Abnorm Psychol 125:154\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/abn0000090","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0070-0","volume":"24","author":"SV Faraone","year":"2019","unstructured":"Faraone SV, Larsson H (2019) Genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mol Psychiatry 24:562\u2013575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-018-0070-0","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1462_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200011000-00018","volume":"39","author":"S Sprich","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sprich S, Biederman J, Crawford MH et al (2000) Adoptive and biological families of children and adolescents with ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39:1432\u20131437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004583-200011000-00018","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1462_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713001396","volume":"44","author":"VS Knopik","year":"2014","unstructured":"Knopik VS, Bidwell LC, Flessner C et al (2014) DSM-IV defined conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder: an investigation of shared liability in female twins. Psychol Med 44:1053\u20131064. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291713001396","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1462_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-2481-0","volume":"20","author":"M D\u00f6pfner","year":"2020","unstructured":"D\u00f6pfner M, W\u00e4hnke L, Klemp M-T et al (2020) Efficacy of web-assisted self-help for parents of children with ADHD (WASH) - a three-arm randomized trial under field\/routine care conditions in Germany. BMC Psychiatry 20:76. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-020-2481-0","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"1462_CR52","unstructured":"D\u00f6pfner M, G\u00f6rtz-Dorten A (2017) DISYPS-III: Diagnostik-System f\u00fcr psychische St\u00f6rungen nach ICD-10 und DSM-5 f\u00fcr Kinder und Jugendliche - III : Manual. Hogrefe, Bern"},{"key":"1462_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01840","volume":"11","author":"A-K Th\u00f6ne","year":"2020","unstructured":"Th\u00f6ne A-K, G\u00f6rtz-Dorten A, Altenberger P et al (2020) Toward a dimensional assessment of externalizing disorders in children: reliability and validity of a semi-structured parent interview. Front Psychol 11:1840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01840","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00f6rtz-Dorten A, D\u00f6pfner M, Th\u00f6ne A-K (2021) DISYPS-ILF: Interview-Leitf\u00e4den zum Diagnostik-System f\u00fcr psychische St\u00f6rungen nach DSM-5 f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendliche. Hogrefe, Bern","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-58980-9_2"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1462_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-008-1003-2","volume":"17","author":"U Ravens-Sieberer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ravens-Sieberer U, Wille N, Erhart M et al (2008) Prevalence of mental health problems among children and adolescents in Germany: results of the BELLA study within the National Health Interview and Examination Survey. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 17(Suppl 1):22\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-008-1003-2","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1462_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-013-0409-3","volume":"45","author":"A G\u00f6rtz-Dorten","year":"2014","unstructured":"G\u00f6rtz-Dorten A, Ise E, Hautmann C et al (2014) Psychometric properties of a German parent rating scale for oppositional defiant and conduct disorder (FBB-SSV) in clinical and community samples. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 45:388\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-013-0409-3","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1462_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-008-1012-1","volume":"17","author":"M Erhart","year":"2008","unstructured":"Erhart M, D\u00f6pfner M, Ravens-Sieberer U (2008) Psychometric properties of two ADHD questionnaires: comparing the Conners\u2019 scale and the FBB-HKS in the general population of German children and adolescents\u2013results of the BELLA study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 17(Suppl 1):106\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-008-1012-1","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1462_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1007\/s00482-015-0019-z","volume":"29","author":"P Nilges","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nilges P, Essau C (2015) Die Depressions-Angst-Stress-Skalen: Der DASS\u2013ein Screeningverfahren nicht nur f\u00fcr Schmerzpatienten (Depression, anxiety and stress scales: DASS\u2013A screening procedure not only for pain patients). Schmerz 29:649\u2013657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00482-015-0019-z","journal-title":"Schmerz"},{"key":"1462_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(94)00075-U","volume":"33","author":"PF Lovibond","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH (1995) The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behav Res Ther 33:335\u2013343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0005-7967(94)00075-U","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"1462_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lovibond SH, Lovibond PF (1995) Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS), 2nd edn. Psychology foundation monograph. Psychology Foundation of Australia, Sydney","DOI":"10.1037\/t01004-000"},{"key":"1462_CR61","unstructured":"K\u00f6ppe EC (2001) Gl\u00fcckliche Eltern - liebe Kinder? Braunschweig, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2001"},{"key":"1462_CR62","unstructured":"Imort S, Hautmann C, Greimel L et al (2014) Der Fragebogen zum positiven und negativen Erziehungsverhalten (FPNE): Eine psychometrische Zwischenanalyse.: Poster zum 32 Symposium der Fachgruppe Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie der Deutschen Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Psychologie, Braunschweig"},{"key":"1462_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JCFS.0000044723.45902.70","volume":"13","author":"F Perepletchikova","year":"2004","unstructured":"Perepletchikova F, Kazdin AE (2004) Assessment of parenting practices related to conduct problems: development and validation of the management of children\u2019s behavior scale. J Child Fam Stud 13:385\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/B:JCFS.0000044723.45902.70","journal-title":"J Child Fam Stud"},{"key":"1462_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198809000-00016","volume":"27","author":"JM Strayhorn","year":"1988","unstructured":"Strayhorn JM, Weidman CS (1988) A Parent Practices Scale and its relation to parent and child mental health. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 27:613\u2013618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004583-198809000-00016","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1462_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Zheng C, Kim C et al (2016) Causal mediation analysis in the context of clinical research. Ann Transl Med 4:425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/atm.2016.11.11","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2016.11.11"},{"key":"1462_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-010-9393-2","volume":"38","author":"AY Mikami","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mikami AY, Jack A, Emeh CC et al (2010) Parental influence on children with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: I. Relationships between parent behaviors and child peer status. J Abnorm Child Psychol 38:721\u2013736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-010-9393-2","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"key":"1462_CR67","unstructured":"Arney FM (2004) A comparison of direct observation and self-report measures of parenting behaviour"},{"key":"1462_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.4094\/jkachn.2009.15.2.164","volume":"15","author":"M Kwon","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kwon M (2009) Comparison of child-rearing attitudes of parents and problem behavior of children as perceived by parents and children. J Korean Acad Child Health Nurs 15:164\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4094\/jkachn.2009.15.2.164","journal-title":"J Korean Acad Child Health Nurs"},{"key":"1462_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u00f6ring N, Bortz J, P\u00f6schl S (2016) Forschungsmethoden und Evaluation in den Sozial- und Humanwissenschaften, 5., vollst. \u00fcberarb., aktualisierte und erw. Aufl. SpringerLink B\u00fccher. Springer, Berlin [u.a.]","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-41089-5"},{"key":"1462_CR70","first-page":"319","volume":"3","author":"C Robinson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Robinson C, Mandleco B, Roper S et al (2001) The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). Handb Fam Meas Tech 3:319\u2013321","journal-title":"Handb Fam Meas Tech"},{"key":"1462_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-007-9139-0","volume":"17","author":"T Banks","year":"2008","unstructured":"Banks T, Ninowski JE, Mash EJ et al (2008) Parenting behavior and cognitions in a community sample of mothers with and without symptoms of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder. J Child Fam Stud 17:28\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10826-007-9139-0","journal-title":"J Child Fam Stud"}],"container-title":["Child Psychiatry &amp; Human Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10578-022-01462-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10578-022-01462-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10578-022-01462-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T12:08:54Z","timestamp":1720786134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10578-022-01462-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-022-01462-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-398X","1573-3327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-398X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3327","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 October 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Manfred D\u00f6pfner, Julia Pl\u00fcck and Christina Dose receive royalties from publishing companies as authors of books and treatment manuals on parent training and of assessment manuals. None of the other authors of this study report any conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in our study were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of Cologne and were therefore in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participating caregivers prior to their inclusion in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}