{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T17:05:09Z","timestamp":1772039109535,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-025-01855-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T04:48:38Z","timestamp":1748062118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Long-Term Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Offspring: Insights from the ALSPAC Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Emmy","family":"Ogunjimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea F.","family":"Guebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Derkson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5350-3427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick E.","family":"Okonji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1042-3686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mansfield","family":"Mela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7836","key":"1855_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)91092-1","volume":"302","author":"K Jones","year":"1973","unstructured":"Jones K, Smith D (1973) Recognition of the fetal alcohol syndrome in early infancy. The Lancet 302(7836):999\u20131001","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"1855_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.151425","volume":"188","author":"JL Cook","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cook JL, Green CR, Lilley CM, Anderson SM, Baldwin ME, Chudley AE, Conry JL, LeBlanc N, Loock CA, Lutke J, Mallon BF, McFarlane AA, Temple VK, Rosales T (2016) Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a guideline for diagnosis across the lifespan. Canadian Medical Association Journal 188(3):191\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/cmaj.151425","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"key":"1855_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gosdin, L. K., Deputy, N. P., Kim, S. Y., Dang, E. P., & Denny, C. H. (2022b). Alcohol consumption and binge drinking during pregnancy among adults aged 18\u201349 years \u2014 United States, 2018\u20132020. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 71(1), 10\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm7101a2","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7101a2"},{"issue":"1","key":"1855_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmg.2016.09.010","volume":"60","author":"S Popova","year":"2017","unstructured":"Popova S, Lange S, Probst C, Parunashvili N, Rehm J (2017) \u2018Prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders among the general and Aboriginal populations in Canada and the United States\u2019, European Journal of Medical Genetics. Elsevier Masson SAS 60(1):32\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmg.2016.09.010","journal-title":"Elsevier Masson SAS"},{"key":"1855_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lees, B., Mewton, L., Jacobus, J., Valadez, E. A., Stapinski, L. A., Teesson, M.,... & Squeglia, L. M. (2020). Association of prenatal alcohol exposure with psychological, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children from the adolescent brain cognitive development study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 177(11), 1060-1072.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.20010086"},{"issue":"1","key":"1855_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00420-x","volume":"9","author":"S Popova","year":"2023","unstructured":"Popova S, Charness ME, Burd L, Crawford A, Hoyme HE, Mukherjee RA, Elliott EJ (2023) Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Nature reviews Disease primers 9(1):11","journal-title":"Nature reviews Disease primers"},{"issue":"1","key":"1855_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.35946\/arcr.v35.1.05","volume":"35","author":"M Ungerer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ungerer M, Knezovich J, Ramsay M (2013) In utero alcohol exposure, epigenetic changes, and their consequences. Alcohol research: current reviews 35(1):37","journal-title":"Alcohol research: current reviews"},{"issue":"1044\u20133983","key":"1855_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199607000-00007","volume":"7","author":"KT Passaro","year":"1996","unstructured":"Passaro KT, Little RE, Savitz D, Noss J (1996) The effect of maternal drinking before conception and in early pregnancy on infant birthweight. The ALSPAC Study Team. Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood. Epidemiology 7(1044\u20133983):377\u2013383","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"1855_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haan, E., Sallis, H. M., Zuccolo, L., Labrecque, J., Ystrom, E., Reichborn\u2010Kjennerud, T.,... & Munaf\u00f2, M. R. (2022). Prenatal smoking, alcohol and caffeine exposure and maternal\u2010reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in childhood: Triangulation of evidence using negative control and polygenic risk score analyses. Addiction, 117(5), 1458-1471.","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15746"},{"key":"1855_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bandoli, G., Hayes, S., & Delker, E. (2023). Low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes: A narrative review. Archives of Clinical Research, 43(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35946\/arcr.v43.1.01","DOI":"10.35946\/arcr.v43.1.01"},{"key":"1855_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys066","volume":"42","author":"A Fraser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fraser A, Macdonald-wallis C, Tilling K, Boyd A, Golding J, Smith GD, Henderson J, Macleod J, Molloy L, Ness A, Ring S, Nelson SM, Lawlor DA (2013) Cohort Profile: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: ALSPAC mothers cohort. International Journal of Epidemiology 42:97\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dys066","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"1855_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt137","volume":"178","author":"A Fraser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fraser A, McNally W, Sattar N, Anderson EL, Lashen H, Fleming R, Lawlor DA, Nelson SM (2013) Prenatal exposures and anti-m\u00fcllerian hormone in female adolescents the avon longitudinal study of parents and children. American Journal of Epidemiology 178(9):1414\u20131423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwt137","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1855_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.125468","volume":"204","author":"CA Mathews","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mathews CA, Scharf JM, Miller LL, Macdonald-Wallis C, Lawlor DA, Ben-Shlomo Y (2014) Association between pre- and perinatal exposures and tourette syndrome or chronic tic disorder in the alspac cohort. British Journal of Psychiatry 204(1):40\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.125468","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2015","key":"1855_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.02.035","volume":"153","author":"LM O\u2019Keeffe","year":"2015","unstructured":"O\u2019Keeffe LM, Kearney PM, Greene RA, Zuccolo L, Tilling K, Lawlor DA, Howe LD (2015) \u2018Maternal alcohol use during pregnancy and offspring trajectories of height and weight: A prospective cohort study\u2019, Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Elsevier Ireland Ltd 153(2015):323\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.02.035","journal-title":"Elsevier Ireland Ltd"},{"issue":"7","key":"1855_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14632","volume":"45","author":"MJ Zaso","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zaso MJ, Youngentob SL, Park A (2021) Characterizing the role of early alcohol reexposure in associations of prenatal alcohol exposure with adolescent alcohol outcomes. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research 45(7):1436\u20131447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.14632","journal-title":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research"},{"issue":"6","key":"1855_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e318187cc31","volume":"64","author":"R Alati","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alati R, Macleod J, Hickman M, Sayal K, May M, Smith GD, Lawlor DA (2008) Intrauterine exposure to alcohol and tobacco use and childhood IQ: Findings from a parental-offspring comparison within the avon longitudinal study of parents and children. Pediatric Research 64(6):659\u2013666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1203\/PDR.0b013e318187cc31","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"1855_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyt172","volume":"42","author":"L Zuccolo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zuccolo L, Lewis SJ, Smith GD, Saya K, Draper ES, Fraser R, Barrow M, Alati R, Ring S, Macleod J, Golding J, Heron J, Gray R (2013) Prenatal alcohol exposure and offspring cognition and school performance. A mendelian randomization natural experiment. International Journal of Epidemiology 42(5):1358\u20131370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyt172","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"1855_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049407","volume":"7","author":"SJ Lewis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lewis SJ, Zuccolo L, Davey Smith G, Macleod J, Rodriguez S, Draper ES, Barrow M, Alati R, Sayal K, Ring S, Golding J, Gray R (2012) Fetal Alcohol Exposure and IQ at Age 8: Evidence from a Population-Based Birth-Cohort Study. Plos One 7(11):e49407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0049407","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"issue":"2","key":"1855_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e289","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1861","volume":"123","author":"K Sayal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sayal K, Heron J, Golding J, Alati R, Smith GD, Gray R, Emond A (2009) Binge Pattern of Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy and Childhood Mental Health Outcomes: Longitudinal Population-Based Study. Pediatrics 123(2):e289\u2013e296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2008-1861","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"1855_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074844","volume":"8","author":"R Alati","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alati R, Davey Smith G, Lewis SJ, Sayal K, Draper ES, Golding J, Fraser R, Gray R (2013) Effect of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Childhood Academic Outcomes: Contrasting Maternal and Paternal Associations in the ALSPAC Study. PLoS ONE 8(10):1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0074844","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1855_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sayal, K., Draper, E. S., Fraser, R., Barrow, M., Davey Smith, G. and Gray, R. (2013) \u2018Light drinking in pregnancy and mid-childhood mental health and learning outcomes.\u2019, Archives of disease in childhood, 98(2), pp. 107\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2012-302436.","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2012-302436"},{"issue":"10","key":"1855_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-014-0599-7","volume":"23","author":"K Sayal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sayal K, Heron J, Draper E, Alati R, Lewis SJ, Fraser R, Barrow M, Golding J, Emond A, Davey Smith G, Gray R (2014) Prenatal exposure to binge pattern of alcohol consumption: mental health and learning outcomes at age 11. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 23(10):891\u2013899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-014-0599-7","journal-title":"European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"576","key":"1855_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1111\/ecoj.12144","volume":"124","author":"Von Hinke Kessler Scholder","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scholder Von Hinke Kessler, S., Wehby, G. L., Lewis, S. and Zuccolo, L. (2014) Alcohol exposure in utero and child academic achievement. Economic Journal 124(576):634\u2013667. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ecoj.12144","journal-title":"Economic Journal"},{"issue":"10","key":"1855_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02301.x","volume":"103","author":"J Macleod","year":"2008","unstructured":"Macleod J, Hickman M, Bowen E, Alati R, Tilling K, Smith GD (2008) Parental drug use, early adversities, later childhood problems and children\u2019s use of tobacco and alcohol at age 10: Birth cohort study. Addiction 103(10):1731\u20131743. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02301.x","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"12","key":"1855_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12196","volume":"37","author":"KS Kendler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kendler KS, Gardner CO, Edwards A, Hickman M, Heron J, Macleod J, Lewis G, Dick DM (2013) Dimensions of Parental Alcohol Use\/Problems and Offspring Temperament, Externalizing Behaviors, and Alcohol Use\/Problems. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 37(12):2118\u20132127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.12196","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"1855_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e426","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1840","volume":"119","author":"K Sayal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sayal K, Heron J, Golding J, Emond A (2007) Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Gender Differences in Childhood Mental Health Problems: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study. Pediatrics 119(2):e426\u2013e434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2006-1840","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"1855_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Goodman, R. (1997) \u2018The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a research note.\u2019, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38(5), pp. 581\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"1855_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.062471","volume":"195","author":"S Zammit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zammit S, Thomas K, Thompson A, Horwood J, Menezes P, Gunnell D, Hollis C, Wolke D, Lewis G, Harrison G (2009) Maternal tobacco, cannabis and alcohol use during pregnancy and risk of adolescent psychotic symptoms in offspring. British Journal of Psychiatry 195(4):294\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.062471","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"1855_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714002128","volume":"2015","author":"C Winsper","year":"2014","unstructured":"Winsper C, Wolke D, Lereya T (2014) Prospective associations between prenatal adversities and borderline personality disorder at 11\u201312 years. Psychological medicine 2015:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291714002128","journal-title":"Psychological medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"1855_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14324","volume":"119","author":"KE Easey","year":"2024","unstructured":"Easey KE, Timpson NJ, Munafo MR (2024) Investigating the role of genetic factors in alcohol use disorder. Addiction 119(5):1223\u20131231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.14324","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"10","key":"1855_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14692","volume":"45","author":"E Haan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haan E, Sallis HM, Ystrom E, Nj\u00f8lstad PR, Andreassen OA, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Munaf\u00f2 MR, Havdahl A, Zuccolo L (2021) Maternal and offspring genetic risk score analyses of fetal alcohol exposure and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder risk in offspring. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research 45(10):2090\u20132102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.14692","journal-title":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research"},{"issue":"1","key":"1855_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.2000.00436.x","volume":"85","author":"K North","year":"2000","unstructured":"North K, Golding J (2000) A maternal vegetarian diet in pregnancy is associated with hypospadias. BJU International 85(1):107\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1464-410x.2000.00436.x","journal-title":"BJU International"},{"issue":"1","key":"1855_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.04.051","volume":"133","author":"SO Shaheen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shaheen SO, Rutterford C, Zuccolo L, Ring SM, Davey Smith G, Holloway JW, Henderson AJ (2014) \u2018Prenatal alcohol exposure and childhood atopic disease: A Mendelian randomization approach\u2019, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Elsevier Ltd 133(1):225-232.e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.04.051","journal-title":"Elsevier Ltd"},{"key":"1855_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Humphriss, R., Hall, A., May, M., Zuccolo, L. and Macleod, J. (2013) \u2018Prenatal alcohol exposure and childhood balance ability: Findings from a UK birth cohort study.\u2019, BMJ Open, 3, 20, p. ate of Pubaton: 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-002718.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-002718"},{"issue":"2","key":"1855_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1006\/hbeh.2002.1814","volume":"42","author":"M Hines","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hines M, Johnston KJ, Golombok S, Rust J, Stevens M, Golding J (2002) Prenatal Stress and Gender Role Behavior in Girls and Boys: A Longitudinal, Population Study. Hormones and Behavior 42(2):126\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/hbeh.2002.1814","journal-title":"Hormones and Behavior"},{"issue":"5","key":"1855_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2015.02.008","volume":"49","author":"A Finegersh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Finegersh A, Rompala GR, Martin DI, Homanics GE (2015) Drinking beyond a lifetime: New and emerging insights into paternal alcohol exposure on subsequent generations. Alcohol 49(5):461\u2013470","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1855_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X19666211101111430","volume":"20","author":"S Terracina","year":"2022","unstructured":"Terracina S, Ferraguti G, Tarani L, Messina MP, Lucarelli M, Vitali M, Fiore M (2022) Transgenerational abnormalities induced by paternal preconceptual alcohol drinking: findings from humans and animal models. Current Neuropharmacology 20(6):1158\u20131173","journal-title":"Current Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"19","key":"1855_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2215","volume":"115","author":"MC Golding","year":"2023","unstructured":"Golding MC (2023) Teratogenesis and the epigenetic programming of congenital defects: Why paternal exposures matter. Birth Defects Research 115(19):1825\u20131834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdr2.2215","journal-title":"Birth Defects Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"1855_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12644","volume":"56","author":"NR Kippin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kippin NR, Leit\u00e3o S, Watkins R, Finlay-Jones A (2021) Oral and written communication skills of adolescents with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) compared with those with no\/low PAE: A systematic review. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders 56(4):694\u2013718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1460-6984.12644","journal-title":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders"},{"key":"1855_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Coles, C. D., Grant, T. M., Kable, J. A., Stoner, S. A., & Perez, A. (2022). Prenatal alcohol exposure and Mental Health at Midlife: A preliminary report on two longitudinal cohorts. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 46(2), 232\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.14761","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14761"},{"key":"1855_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Easey, K. E., Timpson, N. J., & Munaf\u00f2, M. R. (2020). Association of prenatal alcohol exposure and offspring depression: A negative control analysis of maternal and partner consumption. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 44(5), 1132\u20131140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.14324","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14324"},{"key":"1855_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.05.035","volume":"358","author":"CA Clark","year":"2024","unstructured":"Clark CA, Nakhid D, Baldwin-Oneill G, LaPointe S, MacIsaac-Jones M, Raja S, McMorris CA (2024) Prevalence of co-occurring diagnoses in people exposed to alcohol prenatally: Findings from a meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders 358:163\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.05.035","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"1855_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12486","volume":"57","author":"J Murray","year":"2016","unstructured":"Murray J, Burgess S, Zuccolo L, Hickman M, Gray R, Lewis SJ (2016) Moderate alcohol drinking in pregnancy increases risk for children\u2019s persistent conduct problems: Causal effects in a Mendelian randomisation study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 57(5):575\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.12486","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines"},{"key":"1855_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2013.11.003","volume":"41","author":"NC Dodge","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dodge NC, Jacobson JL, Jacobson SW (2014) Protective effects of the alcohol dehydrogenase-ADH1B*3 allele on attention and behavior problems in adolescents exposed to alcohol during pregnancy. Neurotoxicology and teratology 41:43\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ntt.2013.11.003","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology and teratology"},{"issue":"61","key":"1855_CR45","first-page":"1","volume":"33","author":"JL Treur","year":"2024","unstructured":"Treur JL, Lukas E, Sallis HM, Wootton RE (2024) A guide for planning triangulation studies to investigate complex causal questions in behavioural and psychiatric research. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 33(61):1\u20139","journal-title":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences"},{"key":"1855_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.11.031","volume":"197","author":"LJ Howe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Howe LJ, Sharp GC, Hemani G, Zuccolo L, Richmond S, Lewis SJ (2019) Prenatal alcohol exposure and facial morphology in a UK cohort. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 197:42\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.11.031","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"1855_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Popova, S., Lange, S., Shield, K., Mihic, A., Chudley, A. E., Mukherjee, R. A. S., Bekmuradov, D. and Rehm, J. (2016) \u2018Comorbidity of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\u2019, The Lancet (London, England), 387(10022), pp. 978\u2013987. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01345-8.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01345-8"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-025-01882-8","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000}}],"container-title":["Child Psychiatry &amp; Human Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01855-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01855-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01855-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T14:29:14Z","timestamp":1759847354000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01855-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["1855"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01855-x","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s10578-025-01882-8","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0009-398X","1573-3327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-398X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3327","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 May 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2025","order":3,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":4,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":5,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01882-8","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01882-8","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. The authors also do not have any conflicts of Interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}