{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T01:49:42Z","timestamp":1767491382081,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH50907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH50907"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-025-01949-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T01:46:58Z","timestamp":1767491218000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Independent and Interactive Connections Between Exposure to Pollution and the Development of Low-Income Boys\u2019 Antisocial Behavior"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Sieck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Portia","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2230-2336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia S.","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"1949_CR1","unstructured":"Achenbach TM (1992) Manual for the child behavior checklist\/2-3 and 1992 profile. University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"1949_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1086\/698728","volume":"5","author":"J Archsmith","year":"2018","unstructured":"Archsmith J, Heyes A, Saberian S (2018) Air quality and error quantity: pollution and performance in a high-skilled, quality-focused occupation. J Assoc Environ Resour Econ 5(4):827\u2013863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/698728","journal-title":"J Assoc Environ Resour Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"1949_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.33.1.185","volume":"33","author":"S Banzhaf","year":"2019","unstructured":"Banzhaf S, Ma L, Timmins C (2019) Environmental justice: the economics of race, place, and pollution. J Econ Perspect 33(1):185\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1257\/jep.33.1.185","journal-title":"J Econ Perspect"},{"issue":"1","key":"1949_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-021-00807-x","volume":"20","author":"TM Bastain","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bastain TM, Chavez T, Habre R, Hernandez-Castro I, Grubbs B, Toledo-Corral CM, Farzan SF, Lurvey N, Lerner D, Eckel SP, Lurmann F, Lagomasino I, Breton C (2021) Prenatal ambient air pollution and maternal depression at 12 months postpartum in the MADRES pregnancy cohort. Environ Health 20(1):121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12940-021-00807-x","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"1949_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","volume":"4","author":"AT Beck","year":"1961","unstructured":"Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J (1961) An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 4(6):561\u2013571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1949_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00336.x","volume":"46","author":"JE Beck","year":"2005","unstructured":"Beck JE, Shaw DS (2005) The influence of perinatal complications and environmental adversity on boys\u2019 antisocial behavior. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 46(1):35\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00336.x","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"1949_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.20.2.315","volume":"20","author":"RH Bradley","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bradley RH, Caldwell BM (1984) The HOME inventory and family demographics. Dev Psychol 20(2):315\u2013320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0012-1649.20.2.315","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1949_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00344","volume":"72","author":"GH Brody","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brody GH, Conger R, Gibbons FX, Ge X, McBride Murry V, Gerrard M, Simons RL (2001) The influence of neighborhood disadvantage, collective socialization, and parenting on African American children\u2019s affiliation with deviant peers. Child Dev 72(4):1231\u20131246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1467-8624.00344","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"1949_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v008.i15","volume":"8","author":"J Fox","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fox J (2003) Effect displays in R for generalised linear models. J Stat Softw 8:1\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v008.i15","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"issue":"5","key":"1949_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000001199","volume":"85","author":"PJ Gianaros","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gianaros PJ, Miller PL, Manuck SB, Kuan DC-H, Rosso AL, Votruba-Drzal EE, Marsland AL (2023) Beyond neighborhood disadvantage: local resources, green space, pollution, and crime as residential community correlates of cardiovascular risk and brain morphology in midlife adults. Psychosom Med 85(5):378\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PSY.0000000000001199","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1949_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.106.3.458","volume":"106","author":"SH Goodman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Goodman SH, Gotlib IH (1999) Risk for psychopathology in the children of depressed mothers: a developmental model for understanding mechanisms of transmission. Psychol Rev 106(3):458\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.106.3.458","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1949_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-010-0080-1","volume":"14","author":"SH Goodman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Goodman SH, Rouse MH, Connell AM, Broth MR, Hall CM, Heyward D (2011) Maternal depression and child psychopathology: a meta-analytic review. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 14(1):1\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10567-010-0080-1","journal-title":"Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"1949_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.100.4.555","volume":"100","author":"C Hammen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hammen C (1991) Generation of stress in the course of unipolar depression. J Abnorm Psychol 100(4):555\u2013561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0021-843X.100.4.555","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1949_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1408803","volume":"123","author":"MH Harris","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harris MH, Gold DR, Rifas-Shiman SL, Melly SJ, Zanobetti A, Coull BA, Schwartz JD, Gryparis A, Kloog I, Koutrakis P, Bellinger DC, White RF, Sagiv SK, Oken E (2015) Prenatal and childhood traffic-related pollution exposure and childhood cognition in the Project Viva cohort (Massachusetts, USA). Environ Health Perspect 123(10):1072\u20131078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.1408803","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"2","key":"1949_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3368\/LE.95.2.157","volume":"95","author":"A Heyes","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heyes A, Rivers N, Schaufele B (2019) Pollution and politician productivity: the effect of PM on MPs. Land Econ 95(2):157\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3368\/LE.95.2.157","journal-title":"Land Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"1949_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12014","volume":"54","author":"C Hughes","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hughes C, Roman G, Hart MJ, Ensor R (2013) Does maternal depression predict young children\u2019s executive function? A 4-year longitudinal study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 54(2):169\u2013177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.12014","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"1949_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-006-9026-y","volume":"34","author":"EM Ingoldsby","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ingoldsby EM, Shaw DS, Winslow E, Schonberg M, Gilliom M, Criss MM (2006) Neighborhood disadvantage, parent\u2013child conflict, neighborhood peer relationships, and early antisocial behavior problem trajectories. J Abnorm Child Psychol 34(3):293\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-006-9026-y","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1949_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124101029003005","volume":"29","author":"BL Jones","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jones BL, Nagin DS, Roeder K (2001) A SAS procedure based on mixture models for estimating developmental trajectories. Sociol Methods Res 29(3):374\u2013393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0049124101029003005","journal-title":"Sociol Methods Res"},{"key":"1949_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.151655","volume":"816","author":"YT Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim YT, Kim W, Bae M, Choi JE, Kim M-J, Oh SS, Park KS, Park S, Lee S-K, Koh S-B, Kim C (2022) The effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on changes in the brain structure of firefighters: an analysis using data from the Firefighters Research on Enhancement of Safety & Health study. Sci Total Environ 816:151655. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.151655","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"2","key":"1949_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00910652","volume":"13","author":"R Loeber","year":"1985","unstructured":"Loeber R, Schmaling KB (1985) Empirical evidence for overt and covert patterns of antisocial conduct problems: a metaanalysis. J Abnorm Child Psychol 13(2):337\u2013353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00910652","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"key":"1949_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2016.05.008","volume":"13","author":"AS Masarik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Masarik AS, Conger RD (2017) Stress and child development: a review of the Family Stress Model. Curr Opin Psychol 13:85\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.copsyc.2016.05.008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1949_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-9536.2011.00006.x","volume":"63","author":"TR Mcgee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mcgee TR, Hayatbakhsh MR, Bor W, Cerruto M, Dean A, Alati R, Mills R, Williams GM, O\u2019callaghan M, Najman JM (2011) Antisocial behaviour across the life course: an examination of the effects of early onset desistence and early onset persistent antisocial behaviour in adulthood. Aust J Psychol 63(1):44\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1742-9536.2011.00006.x","journal-title":"Aust J Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1949_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.7758\/rsf.2019.5.2.06","volume":"5","author":"P Miller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miller P, Votruba-Drzal E, Coley RL (2019) Poverty and academic achievement across the urban to rural landscape: associations with community resources and stressors. RSF Russell Sage Found J Soc Sci 5(2):106\u2013122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7758\/rsf.2019.5.2.06","journal-title":"RSF Russell Sage Found J Soc Sci"},{"key":"1949_CR24","unstructured":"Mock B, Montgomery D (2018) Environmentalists by necessity. Bloomberg CityLab. https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2018-08-01\/the-cumulative-toxic-assault-on-braddock-pennsylvania"},{"issue":"2","key":"1949_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579401002097","volume":"13","author":"TE Moffitt","year":"2001","unstructured":"Moffitt TE, Caspi A (2001) Childhood predictors differentiate life-course persistent and adolescence-limited antisocial pathways among males and females. Dev Psychopathol 13(2):355\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954579401002097","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1949_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579402001104","volume":"14","author":"TE Moffitt","year":"2002","unstructured":"Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Harrington H, Milne BJ (2002) Males on the life-course-persistent and adolescence-limited antisocial pathways: follow-up at age 26 years. Dev Psychopathol 14(1):179\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954579402001104","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1949_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/s0272-7358(98)00096-8","volume":"20","author":"AB Morgan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Morgan AB, Lilienfeld SO (2000) A meta-analytic review of the relation between antisocial behavior and neuropsychological measures of executive function. Clin Psychol Rev 20(1):113\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0272-7358(98)00096-8","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1949_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.4.2.139","volume":"4","author":"DS Nagin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Nagin DS (1999) Analyzing developmental trajectories: a semiparametric, group-based approach. Psychol Methods 4(2):139\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/1082-989X.4.2.139","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"1949_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579408000333","volume":"20","author":"CL Odgers","year":"2008","unstructured":"Odgers CL, Moffitt TE, Broadbent JM, Dickson N, Hancox RJ, Harrington H, Poulton R, Sears MR, Thomson WM, Caspi A (2008) Female and male antisocial trajectories: from childhood origins to adult outcomes. Dev Psychopathol 20(2):673\u2013716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954579408000333","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"1949_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.065","volume":"276","author":"Y Oh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oh Y, Joung Y-S, Baek JH, Yoo N (2020) Maternal depression trajectories and child executive function over 9 years. J Affect Disord 276:646\u2013652. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.065","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"1949_CR31","unstructured":"Patterson G, Reid JB, Dishion TJ (1992) A social learning approach: vol. 4. Antisocial boys. Castalia"},{"issue":"11","key":"1949_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13578","volume":"63","author":"BS Peterson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Peterson BS, Bansal R, Sawardekar S, Nati C, Elgabalawy ER, Hoepner LA, Garcia W, Hao X, Margolis A, Perera F, Rauh V (2022) Prenatal exposure to air pollution is associated with altered brain structure, function, and metabolism in childhood. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 63(11):1316\u20131331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.13578","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1949_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135911","volume":"705","author":"A Rafiee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rafiee A, Delgado-Saborit JM, Sly PD, Qu\u00e9merais B, Hashemi F, Akbari S, Hoseini M (2020) Environmental chronic exposure to metals and effects on attention and executive function in the general population. Sci Total Environ 705:135911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135911","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"8","key":"1949_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(03)00002-2","volume":"26","author":"JA Raub","year":"2002","unstructured":"Raub JA, Benignus VA (2002) Carbon monoxide and the nervous system. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 26(8):925\u2013940. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0149-7634(03)00002-2","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"1949_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1111\/ecin.12202","volume":"53","author":"JW Reyes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Reyes JW (2015) Lead exposure and behavior: effects on antisocial and risky behavior among children and adolescents. Econ Inq 53(3):1580\u20131605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ecin.12202","journal-title":"Econ Inq"},{"issue":"4","key":"1949_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2012.05.005","volume":"40","author":"D Ribeiro da Silva","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ribeiro da Silva D, Rijo D, Salekin RT (2012) Child and adolescent psychopathy: a state-of-the-art reflection on the construct and etiological theories. J Crim Justice 40(4):269\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2012.05.005","journal-title":"J Crim Justice"},{"issue":"2","key":"1949_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.39.2.189","volume":"39","author":"DS Shaw","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shaw DS, Gilliom M, Ingoldsby EM, Nagin DS (2003) Trajectories leading to school-age conduct problems. Dev Psychol 39(2):189\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0012-1649.39.2.189","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1949_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579412000429","volume":"24","author":"DS Shaw","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shaw DS, Hyde LW, Brennan LM (2012) Early predictors of boys\u2019 antisocial trajectories. Dev Psychopathol 24(3):871\u2013888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954579412000429","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"1949_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153650","volume":"10","author":"DS Shaw","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shaw DS, Shelleby EC (2014) Early-starting conduct problems: intersection of conduct problems and poverty. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 10:503\u2013528. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153650","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1949_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1002\/bdm.1864","volume":"28","author":"GB Sorge","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sorge GB, Skilling TA, Toplak ME (2015) Intelligence, executive functions, and decision making as predictors of antisocial behavior in an adolescent sample of justice-involved youth and a community comparison group. J Behav Decis Mak 28(5):477\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdm.1864","journal-title":"J Behav Decis Mak"},{"issue":"3","key":"1949_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001792","volume":"12","author":"J Sunyer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sunyer J, Esnaola M, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Forns J, Rivas I, L\u00f3pez-Vicente M, Suades-Gonz\u00e1lez E, Foraster M, Garcia-Esteban R, Basaga\u00f1a X, Viana M, Cirach M, Moreno T, Alastuey A, Sebastian-Galles N, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Querol X (2015) Association between traffic-related air pollution in schools and cognitive development in primary school children: a prospective cohort study. PLoS Med 12(3):e1001792. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001792","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1949_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1080\/02615479.2015.1063601","volume":"34","author":"S Teixeira","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teixeira S, Krings A (2015) Sustainable social work: an environmental justice framework for social work education. Soc Work Educ 34(5):513\u2013527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02615479.2015.1063601","journal-title":"Soc Work Educ"},{"key":"1949_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v045.i03","volume":"45","author":"S van Buuren","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Buuren S, Groothuis-Oudshoorn K (2011) mice: multivariate imputation by chained equations in R. J Stat Softw 45:1\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v045.i03","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"issue":"6","key":"1949_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-008-9220-1","volume":"36","author":"E Vanderbilt-Adriance","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vanderbilt-Adriance E, Shaw DS (2008) Protective factors and the development of resilience in the context of neighborhood disadvantage. J Abnorm Child Psychol 36(6):887\u2013901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-008-9220-1","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1949_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-021-00761-8","volume":"20","author":"CA Weitekamp","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weitekamp CA, Hofmann HA (2021) Effects of air pollution exposure on social behavior: a synthesis and call for research. Environ Health 20(1):72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12940-021-00761-8","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"1949_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2000.tb01416.x","volume":"38","author":"P-OH Wikstr\u00f6m","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wikstr\u00f6m P-OH, Loeber R (2000) Do disadvantaged neighborhoods cause well-adjusted children to become adolescent delinquents? A study of male juvenile serious offending, individual risk and protective factors, and neighborhood context. Criminology 38(4):1109\u20131142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2000.tb01416.x","journal-title":"Criminology"},{"key":"1949_CR47","unstructured":"Winslow EB, Shaw DS, Bruns H, Kiebler K (1995) Parenting as a mediator of child behavior problems and maternal stress, support, and adjustment. In: Biennial meeting of the society for research in child development, Indianapolis, IN"},{"issue":"6","key":"1949_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-017-0367-5","volume":"46","author":"D Younan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Younan D, Tuvblad C, Franklin M, Lurmann F, Li L, Wu J, Berhane K, Baker LA, Chen J-C (2018) Longitudinal analysis of particulate air pollutants and adolescent delinquent behavior in Southern California. J Abnorm Child Psychol 46(6):1283\u20131293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-017-0367-5","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"issue":"37","key":"1949_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9193","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1809474115","volume":"115","author":"X Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang X, Chen X, Zhang X (2018) The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive performance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 115(37):9193\u20139197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1809474115","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"}],"container-title":["Child Psychiatry & Human Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01949-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01949-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01949-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T01:46:59Z","timestamp":1767491219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01949-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["1949"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-025-01949-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-398X","1573-3327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-398X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3327","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}