{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:36:08Z","timestamp":1786980968223,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":139,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,7]],"date-time":"2015-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441584000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Metastasis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-015-9743-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,6]],"date-time":"2015-09-06T22:50:52Z","timestamp":1441579852000},"page":"819-833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Skeletal metastases from breast cancer: pathogenesis of bone tropism and treatment strategy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Caterina","family":"Fontanella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Fanotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Rihawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Aprile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Puglisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"9743_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21254","volume":"65","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (2015) Cancer statistics, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin 65:5\u201329","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"9743_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21166","volume":"63","author":"R Siegel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A (2013) Cancer statistics, 2013. CA Cancer J Clin 63:11\u201330","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"9743_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21149","volume":"62","author":"R Siegel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Siegel R, DeSantis C, Virgo K et al (2012) Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin 62:220\u2013241","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"9743_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-11-1089","volume":"21","author":"L Cheng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cheng L, Swartz MD, Zhao H et al (2012) Hazard of recurrence among women after primary breast cancer treatment\u2014a 10-year follow-up using data from SEER-Medicare. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 21:800\u2013809","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"9743_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3271","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.25.9820","volume":"28","author":"H Kennecke","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kennecke H, Yerushalmi R, Woods R et al (2010) Metastatic behavior of breast cancer subtypes. J Clin Oncol 28:3271\u20133277","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-6-179","volume":"6","author":"K Manders","year":"2006","unstructured":"Manders K, van de Poll-Franse LV, Creemers GJ et al (2006) Clinical management of women with metastatic breast cancer: a descriptive study according to age group. BMC Cancer 6:179","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-015-9697-2","volume":"32","author":"L Gerratana","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gerratana L, Fanotto V, Bonotto M et al (2015) Pattern of metastasis and outcome in patients with breast cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 32:125\u2013133","journal-title":"Clin Exp Metastasis"},{"key":"9743_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clbc.2012.11.001","volume":"13","author":"AT Berman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Berman AT, Thukral AD, Hwang WT et al (2013) Incidence and patterns of distant metastases for patients with early-stage breast cancer after breast conservation treatment. Clin Breast Cancer 13:88\u201394","journal-title":"Clin Breast Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000715)89:2<363::AID-CNCR22>3.0.CO;2-3","volume":"89","author":"SM Domchek","year":"2000","unstructured":"Domchek SM, Younger J, Finkelstein DM, Seiden MV (2000) Predictors of skeletal complications in patients with metastatic breast carcinoma. Cancer 89:363\u2013368","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2014-0002","volume":"19","author":"M Bonotto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bonotto M, Gerratana L, Poletto E et al (2014) Measures of outcome in metastatic breast cancer: insights from a real-world scenario. Oncologist 19:608\u2013615","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"9743_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra030831","volume":"350","author":"GD Roodman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Roodman GD (2004) Mechanisms of bone metastasis. N Engl J Med 350:1655\u20131664","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"9743_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1104819","volume":"307","author":"RK Jain","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jain RK (2005) Normalization of tumor vasculature: an emerging concept in antiangiogenic therapy. Science 307:58\u201362","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"9743_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc776","volume":"2","author":"FH Igney","year":"2002","unstructured":"Igney FH, Krammer PH (2002) Death and anti-death: tumour resistance to apoptosis. Nat Rev Cancer 2:277\u2013288","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"9743_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401751","volume":"12","author":"P Codogno","year":"2005","unstructured":"Codogno P, Meijer AJ (2005) Autophagy and signaling: their role in cell survival and cell death. Cell Death Differ 12(Suppl 2):1509\u20131518","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"9743_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-015-0321-5","volume":"14","author":"Z Su","year":"2015","unstructured":"Su Z, Yang Z, Xu Y et al (2015) Apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and cancer metastasis. Mol Cancer 14:48","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR16","volume-title":"neoplastic diseases: a treatise on tumors","author":"J Ewing","year":"1928","unstructured":"Ewing J (1928) neoplastic diseases: a treatise on tumors. W.B Saunders Co, Philadelphia"},{"key":"9743_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1038\/bonekey.2015.10","volume":"4","author":"PD Ottewell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ottewell PD, O\u2019Donnell L, Holen I (2015) Molecular alterations that drive breast cancer metastasis to bone. Bonekey Rep 4:643","journal-title":"Bonekey Rep"},{"key":"9743_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s12307-011-0083-6","volume":"4","author":"A Mishra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mishra A, Shiozawa Y, Pienta KJ (2011) Homing of cancer cells to the bone. Cancer Microenviron 4:221\u2013235","journal-title":"Cancer Microenviron"},{"key":"9743_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1080\/mic.10.3-4.359.370","volume":"10","author":"R Salcedo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Salcedo R, Oppenheim JJ (2003) Role of chemokines in angiogenesis: cXCL12\/SDF-1 and CXCR4 interaction, a key regulator of endothelial cell responses. Microcirculation 10:359\u2013370","journal-title":"Microcirculation"},{"key":"9743_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.09.016","volume":"48","author":"JG Schneider","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schneider JG, Amend SR, Weilbaecher KN (2011) Integrins and bone metastasis: integrating tumor cell and stromal cell interactions. Bone 48:54\u201365","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"9743_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3055","volume":"11","author":"KN Weilbaecher","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weilbaecher KN, Guise TA, McCauley LK (2011) Cancer to bone: a fatal attraction. Nat Rev Cancer 11:411\u2013425","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-13-0158","volume":"21","author":"F Nutter","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nutter F, Holen I, Brown HK et al (2014) Different molecular profiles are associated with breast cancer cell homing compared with colonisation of bone:evidence using a novel bone-seeking cell line. Endocr Relat Cancer 21:327\u2013341","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2010.12.022","volume":"19","author":"N Sethi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sethi N, Dai X, Winter CG et al (2011) Tumor-derived JAGGED1 promotes osteolytic bone metastasis of breast cancer by engaging notch signaling in bone cells. Cancer Cell 19:192\u2013205","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"9743_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6854","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-2500","volume":"64","author":"S Santagata","year":"2004","unstructured":"Santagata S, Demichelis F, Riva A et al (2004) JAGGED1 expression is associated with prostate cancer metastasis and recurrence. Cancer Res 64:6854\u20136857","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"9743_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21352","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111663200","volume":"277","author":"SL Dallas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dallas SL, Rosser JL, Mundy GR, Bonewald LF (2002) Proteolysis of latent transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-binding protein-1 by osteoclasts. A cellular mechanism for release of TGF-beta from bone matrix. J Biol Chem 277:21352\u201321360","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"9743_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21835","volume":"105","author":"Y Shiozawa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shiozawa Y, Havens AM, Jung Y et al (2008) Annexin II\/annexin II receptor axis regulates adhesion, migration, homing, and growth of prostate cancer. J Cell Biochem 105:370\u2013380","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"9743_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2967","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-2515","volume":"17","author":"W Janni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Janni W, Vogl FD, Wiedswang G et al (2011) Persistence of disseminated tumor cells in the bone marrow of breast cancer patients predicts increased risk for relapse\u2014a European pooled analysis. Clin Cancer Res 17:2967\u20132976","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"9743_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.6.9.4828","volume":"6","author":"RL Vessella","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vessella RL, Pantel K, Mohla S (2007) Tumor cell dormancy: an NCI workshop report. Cancer Biol Ther 6:1496\u20131504","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther"},{"key":"9743_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2011.11.002","volume":"20","author":"X Lu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lu X, Mu E, Wei Y et al (2011) VCAM-1 promotes osteolytic expansion of indolent bone micrometastasis of breast cancer by engaging \u03b14\u03b21-positive osteoclast progenitors. Cancer Cell 20:701\u2013714","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"9743_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-2372","volume":"71","author":"PK Lim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lim PK, Bliss SA, Patel SA et al (2011) Gap junction-mediated import of microRNA from bone marrow stromal cells can elicit cell cycle quiescence in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 71:1550\u20131560","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"9743_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.03466","volume":"120","author":"X Tan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tan X, Weng T, Zhang J et al (2007) Smad4 is required for maintaining normal murine postnatal bone homeostasis. J Cell Sci 120:2162\u20132170","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"9743_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09677","volume":"470","author":"Z Ding","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ding Z, Wu CJ, Chu GC et al (2011) SMAD4-dependent barrier constrains prostate cancer growth and metastatic progression. Nature 470:269\u2013273","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"9743_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-013-9488-7","volume":"33","author":"GC Chu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chu GC, Chung LW (2014) RANK-mediated signaling network and cancer metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 33:497\u2013509","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"9743_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09707","volume":"470","author":"W Tan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tan W, Zhang W, Strasner A et al (2011) Tumour-infiltrating regulatory T cells stimulate mammary cancer metastasis through RANKL-RANK signalling. Nature 470:548\u2013553","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"9743_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-2507","volume":"18","author":"WC Dougall","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dougall WC (2012) Molecular pathways: osteoclast-dependent and osteoclast-independent roles of the RANKL\/RANK\/OPG pathway in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 18:326\u2013335","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"9743_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5728","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-1431","volume":"71","author":"A Fradet","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fradet A, Sorel H, Bouazza L et al (2011) Dual function of ERR\u03b1 in breast cancer and bone metastasis formation: implication of VEGF and osteoprotegerin. Cancer Res 71:5728\u20135738","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"9743_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-13-16","volume":"13","author":"EM McCoy","year":"2013","unstructured":"McCoy EM, Hong H, Pruitt HC, Feng X (2013) IL-11 produced by breast cancer cells augments osteoclastogenesis by sustaining the pool of osteoclast progenitor cells. BMC Cancer 13:16","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0707449","volume":"361","author":"P Miossec","year":"2009","unstructured":"Miossec P, Korn T, Kuchroo VK (2009) Interleukin-17 and type 17 helper T cells. N Engl J Med 361:888\u2013898","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"9743_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143526","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/143526","volume":"2015","author":"L D\u2019Amico","year":"2015","unstructured":"D\u2019Amico L, Roato I (2015) The impact of immune system in regulating bone metastasis formation by osteotropic tumors. J Immunol Res 2015:143526","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"9743_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.07.004","volume":"118","author":"F Arai","year":"2004","unstructured":"Arai F, Hirao A, Ohmura M et al (2004) Tie2\/angiopoietin-1 signaling regulates hematopoietic stem cell quiescence in the bone marrow niche. Cell 118:149\u2013161","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"9743_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050434","volume":"353","author":"S Braun","year":"2005","unstructured":"Braun S, Vogl FD, Naume B et al (2005) A pooled analysis of bone marrow micrometastasis in breast cancer. N Engl J Med 353:793\u2013802","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"9743_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R61","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr2898","volume":"13","author":"TJ Molloy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Molloy TJ, Bosma AJ, Baumbusch LO et al (2011) The prognostic significance of tumour cell detection in the peripheral blood versus the bone marrow in 733 early-stage breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res 13:R61","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"key":"9743_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2011.03.032","volume":"12","author":"G Mountzios","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mountzios G, Ramfidis V, Terpos E, Syrigos KN (2011) Prognostic significance of bone markers in patients with lung cancer metastatic to the skeleton: a review of published data. Clin Lung Cancer 12:341\u2013349","journal-title":"Clin Lung Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(98)00069-4","volume":"16","author":"NA Janjan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Janjan NA, Payne R, Gillis T et al (1998) Presenting symptoms in patients referred to a multidisciplinary clinic for bone metastases. J Pain Symptom Manag 16:171\u2013178","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manag"},{"key":"9743_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2014.03.001","volume":"91","author":"F Puglisi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Puglisi F, Fontanella C, Numico G et al (2014) Follow-up of patients with early breast cancer: is it time to rewrite the story? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 91:130\u2013141","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"9743_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdi063","volume":"16","author":"F Puglisi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Puglisi F, Follador A, Minisini AM et al (2005) Baseline staging tests after a new diagnosis of breast cancer: further evidence of their limited indications. Ann Oncol 16:263\u2013266","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1159\/000111546","volume":"2","author":"F Puglisi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Puglisi F, Andreetta C, Fasola G et al (2007) Bone scan for baseline staging in invasive breast cancer at the time of primary presentation. Breast Care 2:358\u2013364","journal-title":"Breast Care"},{"key":"9743_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4746","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.1496","volume":"26","author":"D Fuster","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fuster D, Duch J, Paredes P et al (2008) Preoperative staging of large primary breast cancer with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography\/computed tomography compared with conventional imaging procedures. J Clin Oncol 26:4746\u20134751","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2012.06.004","volume":"66","author":"L Evangelista","year":"2012","unstructured":"Evangelista L, Panunzio A, Polverosi R et al (2012) Early bone marrow metastasis detection: the additional value of FDG-PET\/CT versus CT imaging. Biomed Pharmacother 66:448\u2013453","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"9743_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1097\/00006231-200108000-00005","volume":"22","author":"M Ohta","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ohta M, Tokuda Y, Suzuki Y et al (2001) Whole body PET for the evaluation of bony metastases in patients with breast cancer: comparison with 99Tcm-MDP bone scintigraphy. Nucl Med Commun 22:875\u2013879","journal-title":"Nucl Med Commun"},{"key":"9743_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/cmmi.435","volume":"6","author":"U M\u00fchlhausen","year":"2011","unstructured":"M\u00fchlhausen U, Komljenovic D, Bretschi M et al (2011) A novel PET tracer for the imaging of \u03b1v\u03b23 and \u03b1v\u03b25 integrins in experimental breast cancer bone metastases. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 6:413\u2013420","journal-title":"Contrast Media Mol Imaging"},{"key":"9743_CR52","volume-title":"WHO handbook for reporting results of cancer treatment","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"1979","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (1979) WHO handbook for reporting results of cancer treatment. World Health Organization Offset Publication, Geneva"},{"key":"9743_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605546","volume":"102","author":"T Hamaoka","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hamaoka T, Costelloe CM, Madewell JE et al (2010) Tumour response interpretation with new tumour response criteria versus the World Health Organisation criteria in patients with bone-only metastatic breast cancer. Br J Cancer 102:651\u2013657","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clbc.2012.09.004","volume":"13","author":"N Hayashi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hayashi N, Costelloe CM, Hamaoka T et al (2013) A prospective study of bone tumor response assessment in metastatic breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 13:24\u201330","journal-title":"Clin Breast Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu385","volume":"25","author":"F Cardoso","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cardoso F, Costa A, Norton L et al (2014) ESO-ESMO 2nd international consensus guidelines for advanced breast cancer (ABC2)\u2020. Ann Oncol 25:1871\u20131888","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/ncponc0688","volume":"4","author":"CR Dunstan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dunstan CR, Felsenberg D, Seibel MJ (2007) Therapy insight: the risks and benefits of bisphosphonates for the treatment of tumor-induced bone disease. Nat Clin Pract Oncol 4:42\u201355","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdi162","volume":"16","author":"RE Coleman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Coleman RE (2005) Bisphosphonates in breast cancer. Ann Oncol 16:687\u2013695","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"Suppl 8","key":"9743_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19971015)80:8+<1691::AID-CNCR21>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"80","author":"JA Kanis","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kanis JA, McCloskey EV (1997) Clodronate. Cancer 80(Suppl 8):1691\u20131695","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1993.11.1.59","volume":"11","author":"AH Paterson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Paterson AH, Powles TJ, Kanis JA et al (1993) Double-blind controlled trial of oral clodronate in patients with bone metastases from breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 11:59\u201365","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.1999.00507.x","volume":"246","author":"B Kristensen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kristensen B, Ejlertsen B, Groenvold M et al (1999) Oral clodronate in breast cancer patients with bone metastases: a randomized study. J Intern Med 246:67\u201374","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"9743_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2552","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1996.14.9.2552","volume":"14","author":"PF Conte","year":"1996","unstructured":"Conte PF, Latreille J, Mauriac L et al (1996) Delay in progression of bone metastases in breast cancer patients treated with intravenous pamidronate: results from a multinational randomized controlled trial. The Aredia Multinational Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol 14:2552\u20132559","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.6.2038","volume":"16","author":"GN Hortobagyi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hortobagyi GN, Theriault RL, Lipton A et al (1998) Long-term prevention of skeletal complications of metastatic breast cancer with pamidronate. Protocol 19 Aredia Breast Cancer Study Group. J Clin Oncol 16:2038\u20132044","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR63","first-page":"3383","volume":"19","author":"R Hultborn","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hultborn R, Gundersen S, Ryden S et al (1999) Efficacy of pamidronate in breast cancer with bone metastases: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter study. Anticancer Res 19:3383\u20133392","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"9743_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.3.846","volume":"17","author":"RL Theriault","year":"1999","unstructured":"Theriault RL, Lipton A, Hortobagyi GN et al (1999) Pamidronate reduces skeletal morbidity in women with advanced breast cancer and lytic bone lesions: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Protocol 18 Aredia Breast Cancer Study Group. J Clin Oncol 17:846\u2013854","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(20000301)88:5<1082::AID-CNCR20>3.0.CO;2-Z","volume":"88","author":"A Lipton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lipton A, Theriault RL, Hortobagyi GN et al (2000) Pamidronate prevents skeletal complications and is effective palliative treatment in women with breast carcinoma and osteolytic bone metastases: long term follow-up of two randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Cancer 88:1082\u20131090","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199141020-00009","volume":"41","author":"A Fitton","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fitton A, McTavish D (1991) Pamidronate. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in resorptive bone disease. Drugs 41:289\u2013318","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"9743_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-004-0659-5","volume":"12","author":"D Romanus","year":"2004","unstructured":"Romanus D, Iscoe N, Deangelis C et al (2004) Cost analysis of secondary prophylaxis with oral clodronate versus pamidronate in metastatic breast cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 12:844\u2013851","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3719","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.06.037","volume":"20","author":"JR Berenson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Berenson JR, Hillner BE, Kyle RA et al (2002) American society of clinical oncology bisphosphonates expert panel. American society of clinical oncology clinical practice guidelines: the role of bisphosphonates in multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol 20:3719\u20133736","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdg367","volume":"14","author":"JJ Body","year":"2003","unstructured":"Body JJ, Diel IJ, Lichinitser MR et al (2003) MF 4265 Study Group. Intravenous ibandronate reduces the incidence of skeletal complications in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases. Ann Oncol 14:1399\u20131405","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.07.011","volume":"111","author":"JJ Body","year":"2004","unstructured":"Body JJ, Diel IJ, Bell R et al (2004) Oral ibandronate improves bone pain and preserves quality of life in patients with skeletal metastases due to breast cancer. Pain 111:306\u2013312","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"9743_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2354.2008.00980.x","volume":"18","author":"P Heras","year":"2009","unstructured":"Heras P, Kritikos K, Hatzopoulos A, Georgopoulou AP (2009) Efficacy of ibandronate for the treatment of skeletal events in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 18:653\u2013656","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Care (Engl)"},{"key":"9743_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdh173","volume":"15","author":"D Tripathy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tripathy D, Lichinitzer M, Lazarev A et al (2004) MF 4434 Study Group. Oral ibandronate for the treatment of metastatic bone disease in breast cancer: efficacy and safety results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Oncol 15:743\u2013750","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601663","volume":"90","author":"JJ Body","year":"2004","unstructured":"Body JJ, Diel IJ, Lichinitzer M et al (2004) Oral ibandronate reduces the risk of skeletal complications in breast cancer patients with metastatic bone disease: results from two randomised, placebo-controlled phase III studies. Br J Cancer 90:1133\u20131137","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdm119","volume":"18","author":"JJ Body","year":"2007","unstructured":"Body JJ, Lichinitser M, Tjulandin S et al (2007) Oral ibandronate is as active as intravenous zoledronic acid for reducing bone turnover markers in women with breast cancer and bone metastases. Ann Oncol 18:1165\u20131171","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3587","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.07.054","volume":"22","author":"I Mancini","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mancini I, Dumon JC, Body JJ (2004) Efficacy and safety of ibandronate in the treatment of opioid-resistant bone pain associated with metastatic bone disease: a pilot study. J Clin Oncol 22:3587\u20133592","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3314","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.116","volume":"23","author":"N Kohno","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kohno N, Aogi K, Minami H et al (2005) Zoledronic acid significantly reduces skeletal complications compared with placebo in Japanese women with bone metastases from breast cancer: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 23:3314\u20133321","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.26512","volume":"118","author":"N Niikura","year":"2012","unstructured":"Niikura N, Liu J, Hayashi N et al (2012) Retrospective analysis of antitumor effects of zoledronic acid in breast cancer patients with bone-only metastases. Cancer 118:2039\u20132047","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR78","first-page":"377","volume":"7","author":"LS Rosen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rosen LS, Gordon D, Kaminski M et al (2001) Zoledronic acid versus pamidronate in the treatment of skeletal metastases in patients with breast cancer or osteolytic lesions of multiple myeloma: a phase III, double-blind, comparative trial. Cancer J 7:377\u2013387","journal-title":"Cancer J"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"9743_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1081\/CNV-120014886","volume":"20","author":"A Lipton","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lipton A, Small E, Saad F et al (2002) The new bisphosphonate, Zometa (zoledronic acid), decreases skeletal complications in both osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions: a comparison to pamidronate. Cancer Invest 20(Suppl 2):45\u201354","journal-title":"Cancer Invest"},{"key":"9743_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70539-4","volume":"15","author":"P Barrett-Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barrett-Lee P, Casbard A, Abraham J et al (2014) Oral ibandronic acid versus intravenous zoledronic acid in treatment of bone metastases from breast cancer: a randomised, open label, non-inferiority phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 15:114\u2013122","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8580","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.02.8670","volume":"23","author":"A Bamias","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bamias A, Kastritis E, Bamia C et al (2005) Osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer after treatment with bisphosphonates: incidence and risk factors. J Clin Oncol 23:8580\u20138587","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70174-8","volume":"14","author":"D Amadori","year":"2013","unstructured":"Amadori D, Aglietta M, Alessi B et al (2013) Efficacy and safety of 12-weekly versus 4-weekly zoledronic acid for prolonged treatment of patients with bone metastases from breast cancer (ZOOM): a phase 3, open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Oncol 14:663\u2013670","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2011.197","volume":"9","author":"JE Brown","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brown JE, Coleman RE (2012) Denosumab in patients with cancer\u2014a surgical strike against the osteoclast. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 9:110\u2013118","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-05-1933","volume":"12","author":"JJ Body","year":"2006","unstructured":"Body JJ, Facon T, Coleman RE et al (2006) A study of the biological receptor activator of nuclear factor-\u03baB ligand inhibitor, denosumab, in patients with multiple myeloma or bone metastases from breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 12:1221\u20131228","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"9743_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5132","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.29.7101","volume":"28","author":"AT Stopeck","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stopeck AT, Lipton A, Body JJ et al (2010) Denosumab compared with zoledronic acid for the treatment of bone metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer: a randomized, double-blind study. J Clin Oncol 28:5132\u20135139","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.27789","volume":"119","author":"CS Cleeland","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cleeland CS, Body JJ, Stopeck A et al (2013) Pain outcomes in patients with advanced breast cancer and bone metastases: results from a randomized, double-blind study of denosumab and zoledronic acid. Cancer 119:832\u2013838","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4841","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-3310","volume":"18","author":"M Martin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Martin M, Bell R, Bourgeois H et al (2012) Bone-related complications and quality of life in advanced breast cancer: results from a randomized phase III trial of denosumab versus zoledronic acid. Clin Cancer Res 18:4841\u20134849","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"9743_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.31.3304","volume":"29","author":"DH Henry","year":"2011","unstructured":"Henry DH, Costa L, Goldwasser F et al (2011) Randomized, double-blind study of denosumab versus zoledronic acid in the treatment of bone metastases in patients with advanced cancer (excluding breast and prostate cancer) or multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol 29:1125\u20131132","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62344-6","volume":"377","author":"K Fizazi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fizazi K, Carducci M, Smith M et al (2011) Denosumab versus zoledronic acid for treatment of bone metastases in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomised, double-blind study. Lancet 377:813\u2013822","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"9743_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.08.002","volume":"48","author":"A Lipton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lipton A, Fizazi K, Stopeck AT et al (2012) Superiority of denosumab to zoledronic acid for prevention of skeletal-related events: a combined analysis of 3 pivotal, randomised, phase 3 trials. Eur J Cancer 48:3082\u20133092","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.09.5281","volume":"25","author":"E Chow","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chow E, Harris K, Fan G et al (2007) Palliative radiotherapy trials for bone metastases: a systematic review. J Clin Oncol 25:1423\u20131436","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02144-9","volume":"355","author":"PJ Hoskin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hoskin PJ, Stratford MR, Folkes LK et al (2000) Effect of local radiotherapy for bone pain on urinary markers of osteoclast activity. Lancet 355:1428\u20131429","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"9743_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19820901)50:5<893::AID-CNCR2820500515>3.0.CO;2-Y","volume":"50","author":"D Tong","year":"1982","unstructured":"Tong D, Gillick L, Hendrickson FR (1982) The palliation of symptomatic osseous metastases: final results of the Study by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Cancer 50:893\u2013899","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-11666-7","volume-title":"Basic radiation oncology","author":"M Beyzadeoglu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Beyzadeoglu M, Ozyigit G, Ebruli C (2010) Basic radiation oncology. Springer, Heidelberg"},{"key":"9743_CR95","first-page":"1425","volume":"48","author":"Y Hirokawa","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hirokawa Y, Wadasaki K, Kashiwado K et al (1988) A multi-institutional prospective randomized study of radiation therapy of bone metastases. Nihon Igaku H\u014dshasen Gakkai Zasshi 48:1425\u20131431","journal-title":"Nihon Igaku H\u014dshasen Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"9743_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(95)01520-Q","volume":"34","author":"B Rasmusson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rasmusson B, Vejborg I, Jensen AB et al (1995) Irradiation of bone metastases in breast cancer patients: a randomized study with 1\u00a0year follow-up. Radiother Oncol 34:179\u2013184","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(96)00388-4","volume":"36","author":"M Niewald","year":"1996","unstructured":"Niewald M, Tkocz HJ, Abel U et al (1996) Rapid course radiation therapy vs. more standard treatment: a randomized trial for bone metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 36:1085\u20131089","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"9743_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(97)00101-1","volume":"45","author":"MN Gaze","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gaze MN, Kelly CG, Kerr GR et al (1997) Pain relief and quality of life following radiotherapy for bone metastases: a randomised trial of two fractionation schedules. Radiother Oncol 45:109\u2013116","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(98)00011-5","volume":"47","author":"OS Nielsen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nielsen OS, Bentzen SM, Sandberg E et al (1998) Randomized trial of single dose versus fractionated palliative radiotherapy of bone metastases. Radiother Oncol 47:233\u2013240","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(99)00110-3","volume":"52","author":"E Steenland","year":"1999","unstructured":"Steenland E, Leer JW, van Houwelingen H et al (1999) The effect of a single fraction compared to multiple fractions on painful bone metastases: a global analysis of the Dutch bone metastasis study. Radiother Oncol 52:101\u2013109","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(99)00097-3","volume":"52","author":"JR Yarnold","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yarnold JR (1999) 8\u00a0Gy single fraction radiotherapy for the treatment of metastatic skeletal pain: randomised comparison with a multifraction schedule over 12\u00a0months of patient follow-up. Bone pain trial working party. Radiother Oncol 52:111\u2013121","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji139","volume":"97","author":"WF Hartsell","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hartsell WF, Scott CB, Bruner DW et al (2005) Randomized trial of short- versus long-course radiotherapy for palliation of painful bone metastases. J Natl Cancer Inst 97:798\u2013804","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"9743_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.05.006","volume":"79","author":"S Kaasa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kaasa S, Brenne E, Lund JA et al (2006) Prospective randomised multicenter trial on single fraction radiotherapy (8\u00a0Gy \u00d7 1) versus multiple fractions (3\u00a0Gy \u00d7 10) in the treatment of painful bone metastases. Radiother Oncol 79:278\u2013284","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2009.02.014","volume":"91","author":"TA Sande","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sande TA, Ruenes R, Lund JA et al (2009) Long-term follow-up of cancer patients receiving radiotherapy for bone metastases: results from a randomized multicentre trial. Radiother Oncol 91:261\u2013266","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2014.01.015","volume":"111","author":"M Popovic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Popovic M, den Hartogh M, Zhang L et al (2014) Review of international patterns of practice for the treatment of painful bone metastases with palliative radiotherapy from 1993 to 2013. Radiother Oncol 111:11\u201317","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2004.09.017","volume":"75","author":"DE Roos","year":"2005","unstructured":"Roos DE, Turner SL, O\u2019Brien PC et al (2005) Randomized trial of 8\u00a0Gy in 1 versus 20\u00a0Gy in 5 fractions of radiotherapy for neuropathic pain due to bone metastases (Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group, TROG 96.05). Radiother Oncol 75:54\u201363","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.11.046","volume":"71","author":"Y Yamada","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yamada Y, Bilsky MH, Lovelock DM et al (2008) High-dose, single-fraction image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy for metastatic spinal lesions. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 71:484\u2013490","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"9743_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2012.51.1.1","volume":"51","author":"S Sohn","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sohn S, Chung CK (2012) The role of stereotactic radiosurgery in metastasis to the spine. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 51:1\u20137","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"9743_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70556-4","volume":"15","author":"E Chow","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chow E, van der Linden YM, Roos D et al (2014) Single versus multiple fractions of repeat radiation for painful bone metastases: a randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Oncol 15:164\u2013171","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2011.11.004","volume":"24","author":"E Chow","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chow E, Zeng L, Salvo N et al (2012) Update on the systematic review of palliative radiotherapy trials for bone metastases. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 24:112\u2013124","journal-title":"Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)"},{"key":"9743_CR111","first-page":"231","volume":"20","author":"S Hayashi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hayashi S, Hoshi H, Iida T (2002) Reirradiation with local-field radiotherapy for painful bone metastases. Radiat Med 20:231\u2013236","journal-title":"Radiat Med"},{"key":"9743_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(99)00108-5","volume":"52","author":"B Jeremic","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jeremic B, Shibamoto Y, Igrutinovic I (1999) Single 4\u00a0Gy re-irradiation for painful bone metastasis following single fraction radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 52:123\u2013127","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20545","volume":"101","author":"E Briasoulis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Briasoulis E, Karavasilis V, Kostadima L et al (2004) Metastatic breast carcinoma confined to bone: portrait of a clinical entity. Cancer 101:1524\u20131528","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1097\/00001622-199605000-00002","volume":"8","author":"ZL Gokaslan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gokaslan ZL (1996) Spine surgery for cancer. Curr Opin Oncol 8:178\u2013181","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.5306\/wjco.v5.i3.263","volume":"5","author":"DG Ju","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ju DG, Yurter A, Gokaslan ZL, Sciubba DM (2014) Diagnosis and surgical management of breast cancer metastatic to the spine. World J Clin Oncol 5:263\u2013271","journal-title":"World J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0357-3","volume":"16","author":"JA Shehadi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shehadi JA, Sciubba DM, Suk I et al (2007) Surgical treatment strategies and outcome in patients with breast cancer metastatic to the spine: a review of 87 patients. Eur Spine J 16:1179\u20131192","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9743_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1352","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318207a222","volume":"36","author":"F Tancioni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tancioni F, Navarria P, Mancosu P et al (2011) Surgery followed by radiotherapy for the treatment of metastatic epidural spinal cord compression from breast cancer. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 36:E1352\u2013E1359","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9743_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66954-1","volume":"366","author":"RA Patchell","year":"2005","unstructured":"Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Regine WF et al (2005) Direct decompressive surgical resection in the treatment of spinal cord compression caused by metastatic cancer: a randomised trial. Lancet 366:643\u2013648","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"9743_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1177\/107327481201900206","volume":"19","author":"I Laufer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Laufer I, Sciubba DM, Madera M et al (2012) Surgical management of metastatic spinal tumors. Cancer Control 19:122\u2013128","journal-title":"Cancer Control"},{"key":"9743_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.3.SPINE09202","volume":"13","author":"DM Sciubba","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sciubba DM, Petteys RJ, Dekutoski MB et al (2010) Diagnosis and management of metastatic spine disease. A review. J Neurosurg Spine 13:94\u2013108","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"9743_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.5603\/NMR.2013.0037","volume":"16","author":"VR Kakhki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kakhki VR, Anvari K, Sadeghi R et al (2013) Pattern and distribution of bone metastases in common malignant tumors. Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur 16:66\u201369","journal-title":"Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur"},{"key":"9743_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.08.029","volume":"91","author":"M Rosenberg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rosenberg M, Castagno A, Nadal J et al (2011) Sternal metastasis of breast cancer: ex vivo hypothermia and reimplantation. Ann Thorac Surg 91:584\u2013586","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"9743_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.4048\/jbc.2012.15.4.462","volume":"15","author":"HJ Kang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kang HJ, Lee SA, Park KS et al (2012) Simultaneous chest wall reconstruction after sternectomy and modified radical mastectomy in locally advanced breast cancer with solitary sternal metastasis. J Breast Cancer 15:462\u2013467","journal-title":"J Breast Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivt456","volume":"18","author":"P Demondion","year":"2014","unstructured":"Demondion P, Mercier O, Kolb F, Fadel E (2014) Sternal replacement with a custom-made titanium plate after resection of a solitary breast cancer metastasis. Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg 18:145\u2013147","journal-title":"Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"9743_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-4-75","volume":"4","author":"SI Daliakopoulos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Daliakopoulos SI, Klimatsidas MN, Korfer R (2010) Solitary metastatic adenocarcinoma of the sternum treated by total sternectomy and chest wall reconstruction using a Gore-Tex patch and myocutaneous flap: a case report. J Med Case Rep 4:75","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"key":"9743_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2012.07.011","volume":"22","author":"A Dell\u2019amore","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dell\u2019amore A, Nizar A, Dolci G et al (2013) Sternal resection and reconstruction for local recurrence of breast cancer using the sternal allograft transplantation technique. Heart Lung Circ 22:234\u2013238","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"key":"9743_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1245\/aso.2002.9.5.472","volume":"9","author":"C Lequaglie","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lequaglie C, Massone PB, Giudice G, Conti B (2002) Gold standard for sternectomies and plastic reconstructions after resections for primary or secondary sternal neoplasms. Ann Surg Oncol 9:472\u2013479","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.2930490312","volume":"4","author":"ST Brower","year":"1992","unstructured":"Brower ST, Weinberg H, Tartter PI, Camunes J (1992) Chest wall resection for locally recurrent breast cancer: indications, techniques and results. J Surg Oncol 4:189\u2013195","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR129","first-page":"324","volume":"4","author":"AH Kwai","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kwai AH, Stomper PC, Kaplan WD (1988) Clinical significance of isolated scintigraphic sternal lesions in patients with breast cancer. J Nucl Med 4:324\u2013328","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"9743_CR130","unstructured":"Early Breast Cancer Trialists\u2019 Collaborative Group (EBCTCG) (2015) Adjuvant bisphosphonate treatment in early breast cancer: meta-analyses of individual patient data from randomised trials. Lancet"},{"key":"9743_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605604","volume":"102","author":"RE Coleman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Coleman RE, Winter MC, Cameron D et al (2010) The effects of adding zoledronic acid to neoadjuvant chemotherapy on tumour response: exploratory evidence for direct anti-tumour activity in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 102:1099\u20131105","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-66","volume":"14","author":"PA Fasching","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fasching PA, Jud SM, Hauschild M et al (2014) FemZone trial: a randomized phase II trial comparing neoadjuvant letrozole and zoledronic acid with letrozole in primary breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 14:66","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"9743_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu102","volume":"5","author":"A Charehbili","year":"2014","unstructured":"Charehbili A, van de Ven S, Smit VT et al (2014) Addition of zoledronic acid to neoadjuvant chemotherapy does not enhance tumor response in patients with HER2-negative stage II\/III breast cancer: the NEOZOTAC trial (BOOG 2010-01). Ann Oncol 5:998\u20131004","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2922","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-1246","volume":"20","author":"PD Ottewell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ottewell PD, Wang N, Brown HK et al (2014) Zoledronic acid has differential antitumor activity in the pre- and postmenopausal bone microenvironment in vivo. Clin Cancer Res 20:2922\u20132932","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"9743_CR135","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/NewsEvents\/Newsroom\/PressAnnouncements\/ucm352363.htm . Accessed 25 Aug 2015"},{"key":"9743_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/2162-3619-3-23","volume":"3","author":"A Takalkar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Takalkar A, Adams S, Subbiah V (2014) Radium-223 dichloride bone-targeted alpha particle therapy for hormone-refractory breast cancer metastatic to bone. Exp Hematol Oncol 3:23","journal-title":"Exp Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"9743_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djt116","volume":"105","author":"MI Suominen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Suominen MI, Rissanen JP, K\u00e4k\u00f6nen R et al (2013) Survival benefit with radium-223 dichloride in a mouse model of breast cancer bone metastasis. J Natl Cancer Inst 105:908\u2013916","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"9743_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-014-2939-1","volume":"145","author":"R Coleman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Coleman R, Aksnes AK, Naume B et al (2014) A phase IIa, nonrandomized study of radium-223 dichloride in advanced breast cancer patients with bone-dominant disease. Breast Cancer Res Treat 145:411\u2013418","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"9743_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.19.2146","volume":"27","author":"K Fizazi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fizazi K, Lipton A, Mariette X et al (2009) Randomized phase II trial of denosumab in patients with bone metastases from prostate cancer, breast cancer, or other neoplasms after intravenous bisphosphonates. J Clin Oncol 27:1564\u20131571","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; Experimental Metastasis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10585-015-9743-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10585-015-9743-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10585-015-9743-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,30]],"date-time":"2019-08-30T02:48:57Z","timestamp":1567133337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10585-015-9743-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,7]]},"references-count":139,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9743"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10585-015-9743-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0262-0898","1573-7276"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0262-0898","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7276","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,7]]}}}