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According to the official policies of both databases: TCIA provides de-identified medical imaging data in compliance with the HIPAA Privacy Rule, and explicitly states that \"TCIA data may be used for research purposes without additional IRB approval as the data are publicly available and contain no protected health information\" (\n                      \n                      ). TCGA data are made available under the NIH Genomic Data Sharing Policy, and may be used without additional institutional review board approval as \"the data are de-identified\" and intended for research use (\n                      \n                      ). 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