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Spatial resolution of tumor\u2013immune interactions may clarify mechanisms of immune escape associated with nodal progression. We performed compartment-resolved spatial transcriptomic profiling to characterize immune gene expression in gastric cancer LNs. Forty-seven formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded LNs from 13 patients with T2\u2013T4, M0 gastric adenocarcinoma (N1\u20132:\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20097; N3:\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096) were analyzed using the NanoString GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler and an 84-gene immune pathways panel. Twenty-nine non-metastatic and 18 metastatic LNs were profiled. Regions of interest were segmented into tumor and immune compartments, yielding 65 spatially defined compartments. Differential expression was assessed across three comparisons: metastatic versus non-metastatic LNs; metastatic LNs from N1\u20132 versus N3 patients; and non-metastatic LNs from N1\u20132 versus N3 patients. Within the immune compartments, non-metastatic LNs showed higher expression of T-cell activation and checkpoint genes (CD3E, CD27, PDCD1, CTLA4), consistent with preserved immune surveillance. Metastatic LNs were enriched for WNT signaling and adhesion-related genes (CTNNB1, ITGAV) and epithelial markers (EPCAM), indicating tumor-driven immune remodeling. N3 metastatic LNs demonstrated increased ICOSLG, IL6, and IFNGR1 expression, suggesting chronic inflammatory activation and immune dysfunction. Notably, non-metastatic LNs from N3 patients upregulated antigen-presentation genes (CD74, HLA-DRB), consistent with early immune conditioning. No significant differences emerged in tumor compartments or pseudo-bulk analyses. Spatial transcriptomic profiling reveals nodal burden\u2013associated immune remodeling, and identifies candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets for precision immunotherapy in gastric cancer.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-026-10429-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:31:46Z","timestamp":1789659106000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spatial transcriptomics reveals immune remodeling in lymph nodes of gastric adenocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Thanawat","family":"Suwatthanarak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chawisa","family":"Nampoolsuksan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pariyada","family":"Tanjak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kullanist","family":"Thanormjit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onchira","family":"Acharayothin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amphun","family":"Chaiboonchoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tharathorn","family":"Suwatthanarak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manop","family":"Pithukpakorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wipapat Vicki","family":"Chalermwai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jirawat","family":"Swangsri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asada","family":"Methasate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vitoon","family":"Chinswangwatanakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thammawat","family":"Parakonthun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"10429_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2452","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i16.2452","volume":"29","author":"WJ Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang WJ et al (2023) Updates on global epidemiology, risk factors and prognostic factors of gastric cancer. 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