{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T22:18:51Z","timestamp":1772749131675,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]],"date-time":"2018-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520380800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000058","name":"Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1H79TI025074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1H79TI025074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000058","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Community Ment Health J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-018-0255-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]],"date-time":"2018-03-07T03:25:48Z","timestamp":1520393148000},"page":"222-231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Integrating a Co-occurring Disorders Intervention in Drug Courts: An Open Pilot Trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Smelson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Farquhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Pressman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debra A.","family":"Pinals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Samek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary-Kate","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leon","family":"Sawh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"255_CR1","volume-title":"The psychology of criminal conduct","author":"DA Andrews","year":"2006","unstructured":"Andrews, D. A., & Bonta, J. (2006). The psychology of criminal conduct (4th\u00a0ed.). Newark, NJ: LexisNexis.","edition":"4"},{"issue":"1","key":"255_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854890017001004","volume":"17","author":"DA Andrews","year":"1990","unstructured":"Andrews, D. A., Bonta, J., & Hoge, R. D. (1990). Classification for effective rehabilitation: Rediscovering psychology. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 17(1), 19\u201352. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0093854890017001004\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Criminal Justice and Behavior"},{"key":"255_CR3","unstructured":"Belenko, S. (2001). Research on drug courts: A critical review, 2001 update. New York, NY: National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Columbia University. Retrieved October 5, 2016, from \n                    https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/1450\/f4776d89877366bd93b1a696c1040c30adae.pdf\n                    \n                  ."},{"key":"255_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa064115","volume":"356","author":"I Binswanger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Binswanger, I., Stern, M. F., Deyo, R. A., Heagerty, P. J., Cheadle, A., Elmore, J. G., & Koepsell, T. D. (2007). Release from prison\u2014A high risk of death for former inmates. The New England Journal of Medicine, 356, 157\u2013165. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMsa064115\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"255_CR5","unstructured":"Bonta, J., & Andrews, D. A. (2007). Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation (Corrections Research User Report No. 2007-06). Ottawa, Ontario: Public Safety Canada. Retrieved January 23, 2017 from \n                    https:\/\/cpoc.memberclicks.net\/assets\/Realignment\/risk_need_2007-06_e.pdf\n                    \n                  ."},{"issue":"6","key":"255_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2010.03.001","volume":"155","author":"RT Brown","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brown, R. T. (2010). Systematic review of the impact of adult drug-treatment courts. Translational Research, 155(6), 263\u2013274. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trsl.2010.03.001\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Translational Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"255_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.883","volume":"27","author":"B Case","year":"2009","unstructured":"Case, B., Steadman, H. J., Dupuis, S. A., & Morris, L. S. (2009). Who succeeds in jail diversion programs for persons with mental illness? A multi-site study. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 27(5), 661\u2013674.","journal-title":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law"},{"issue":"4","key":"255_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201300244","volume":"65","author":"M Chinman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chinman, M., George, P., Doughtery, R. H., Daniels, A. S., Ghose, S. S., Swift, A., & Delphin-Rittmon, M. E. (2014). Peer support services for individuals with serious mental illnesses: Assessing the evidence. Psychiatric Services, 65(4), 429\u2013441. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ps.201300244\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"issue":"4","key":"255_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.2975\/33.4.2010.269.277","volume":"33","author":"M Chinman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chinman, M., Shoai, R., & Cohen, A. (2010). Using organizational change strategies to guide peer support technician implementation in the Veterans Administration. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 33(4), 269\u2013277.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal"},{"issue":"12","key":"255_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2007.58.12.1577","volume":"58","author":"J Draine","year":"2007","unstructured":"Draine, J., & Herman, D. B. (2007). Critical time intervention for re-entry from prison for persons with mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 58(12), 1577\u20131581. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/ps.2007.58.12.1577\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"issue":"5","key":"255_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2014.02.015","volume":"37","author":"MW Epperson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Epperson, M. W., Wolff, N., Morgan, R. D., Fisher, W. H., Frueh, B. C., & Huening, J. (2014). Envisioning the Next Generation of Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Interventions. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 37(5), 427\u2013438.","journal-title":"International Journal of Law and Psychiatry"},{"key":"255_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13722-014-0023-0","volume":"10","author":"AD Fox","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fox, A. D., Maradiaga, J., Weiss, L., Sanchez, J., Starrels, J. L., & Cunningham, C. O. (2015). Release from incarceration, relapse to opioid use and the potential for buprenorphine maintenance treatment: A qualitative study of the perceptions of former inmates with opioid use disorder. Addiction Science and Clinical Practice, 10, 2.","journal-title":"Addiction Science and Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"2","key":"255_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-015-9845-9","volume":"52","author":"KJ Knudsen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Knudsen, K. J., & Wingenfeld, S. (2016). A specialized treatment court for veterans with trauma exposure: Implications for the field. Community Mental Health Journal, 52(2), 127\u2013135.","journal-title":"Community Mental Health Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"255_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1086\/652208","volume":"28","author":"JH Laub","year":"2001","unstructured":"Laub, J. H., & Sampson, R. J. (2001). Understanding Desistance from Crime. Crime and Justice, 28(1), 1\u201369.","journal-title":"Crime and Justice"},{"key":"255_CR15","unstructured":"Maintaining Independence and Sobriety through Systems Integration, Outreach, and Networking (MISSION). Intervention summary retrieved on November 18, 2016 from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration\u2019s National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices. \n                    http:\/\/nrepp.samhsa.gov\/ProgramProfile.aspx?id=38\n                    \n                  ."},{"issue":"3","key":"255_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0740-5472(92)90062-S","volume":"9","author":"AT McLellan","year":"1992","unstructured":"McLellan, A. T., Kushner, H., Metzger, D., Peters, R., Smith, I., Grissom, G., Pettinati, H., & Argeriou, M. (1992). The fifth edition of the addiction severity index. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 9(3), 199\u2013213.","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment"},{"key":"255_CR17","unstructured":"Ministry of Justice. (2013). Analysis of the impact of employment on re-offending following release from custody, using propensity score matching. Retrieved December 3, 2016, from \n                    https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/217412\/impact-employment-reoffending.pdf\n                    \n                  ."},{"issue":"2","key":"255_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1080\/15504263.2013.778804","volume":"9","author":"K O\u2019Connor","year":"2012","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor, K., Kline, A., Sawh, L., Rodrigues, S., Fisher, W., Kane, W., Kuhn, J., Ellison, M., & Smelson, D. (2012). Unemployment and co-occurring disorders among homeless veterans. Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 9(2), 134\u2013138. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15504263.2013.778804\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis"},{"issue":"6","key":"255_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.2024","volume":"30","author":"RH Peters","year":"2012","unstructured":"Peters, R. H., Kremling, J., Bekman, N. M., & Caudy, M. S. (2012). Co-occurring disorders in treatment-based courts: Results of a national survey. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 30(6), 800\u2013820. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bsl.2024\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law"},{"key":"255_CR20","volume-title":"The MISSION-CJ treatment manual","author":"DA Pinals","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pinals, D. A., Smelson, D., Sawh, L., Harter, J., Kline, A., & Ziedonis, D. (2014). The MISSION-CJ treatment manual. Worcester, MA: UMass Medical School."},{"key":"255_CR21","unstructured":"Piquero, A. (2010). Cost-benefit analysis for jail alternatives and jail. Report to Broward Sheriff\u2019s Office Department of Community Control. Retrieved August 3, 2016, from \n                    http:\/\/criminology.fsu.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/Cost-Benefit-Analysis-for-Jail-Alternatives-and-Jail.pdf\n                    \n                  ."},{"issue":"2","key":"255_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-010-9346-9","volume":"48","author":"D Smelson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smelson, D., Kalman, D., Losonczy, M. F., Kline, A., Sambamoorthi, U., St. Hill, L., Castles-Fonseca, K., & Ziedonis, D. (2012). A brief treatment engagement intervention for individuals with co-occurring mental illness and substance use disorders: Results of a randomized clinical trial. Community Mental Health Journal, 48(2), 127\u2013132.","journal-title":"Community Mental Health Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"255_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030948","volume":"10","author":"D Smelson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Smelson, D., Kline, A., Kuhn, J., Rodrigues, S., O\u2019Connor, K., Fisher, W., Sawh, L., & Kane, V. (2013). A wraparound treatment engagement intervention for homeless veterans with co-occurring disorders. Psychological Services, 10(2), 161\u2013167.","journal-title":"Psychological Services"},{"issue":"2","key":"255_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.4321\/S0213-61632007000200006","volume":"21","author":"D Smelson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Smelson, D., Losonczy, M., Ziedonis, D., Sussner, B., Castles-Fonseca, K., Rodrigues, S., & Kline, A. (2007). A brief community linkage intervention for veterans with a persistent mental illness and a co-occurring substance abuse disorder. European Journal of Psychiatry, 21(2), 143\u2013152.","journal-title":"European Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"255_CR25","volume-title":"The MISSION-CJ participant workbook","author":"D Smelson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Smelson, D., Pinals, D. A., Harter, J., Sawh, L., Kline, A., & Ziedonis, D. (2014). The MISSION-CJ participant workbook. Worcester, MA: UMass Medical School."},{"issue":"4","key":"255_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/wmh3.168\/abstract","volume":"7","author":"D Smelson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Smelson, D., Pinals, D. A., Sawh, L., Fulwiler, C., Singer, S., Guevremont, N., Fisher, W., Steadman, H. J., & Hartwell, S. (2015). An alternative to incarceration: Co-occurring disorders treatment intervention for justice-involved veterans. World Medical & Health Policy, 7(4), 329\u2013348. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wmh3.168\/abstract\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"World Medical & Health Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"255_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.52.4.457","volume":"52","author":"HJ Steadman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Steadman, H. J., Davidson, S., & Brown, C. (2001). Law and psychiatry: Mental health courts: Their promise and unanswered questions. Psychiatric Services, 52(4), 457\u2013458. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ps.52.4.457\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"255_CR28","unstructured":"Steadman, H. J., Peters, R. H., Carpenter, C., Mueser, K. T., Jaeger, N. D., Gordon, R. B., Fisler, C., Goss, S., Olson, E., Osher, F. C., Noether, C. D., & Hardin, C. (2013). Six Steps to Improve Your Drug Court Outcomes for Adults with Co-Occurring Disorders. SAMHSA\u2019s GAINS Center for Behavioral Health and Justice Transformation\u2019s & National Drug Court Institute\u2019s Drug Court Practitioner Fact Sheet, Vol.\u00a08, No. 1. Retrieved September 27. 2016, from \n                    https:\/\/csgjusticecenter.org\/mental-health\/publications\/six-steps-to-improve-your-drug-court-outcomes-for-adults-with-co-occurring-disorders\n                    \n                  ."},{"key":"255_CR29","unstructured":"Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration. (2006). \u201cNational Outcome Measures (NOMs) for Co-Occurring Disorders.\u201d Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved December 14, 2016, from \n                    https:\/\/ntrl.ntis.gov\/NTRL\/dashboard\/searchResults\/titleDetail\/PB2012107168.xhtml\n                    \n                  ."},{"key":"255_CR30","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2010). GPRA Modernization Act of 2010. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from \n                    http:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/grants\/gpra-measurement-tools\/csap-gpra\n                    \n                  ."},{"issue":"5","key":"255_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.87.5.854","volume":"87","author":"E Susser","year":"1997","unstructured":"Susser, E., Betne, P., Valencia, E., Goldfinger, S. M., & Lehman, A. (1997). Injection drug use among homeless adults with severe mental illness. American Journal of Public Health, 87(5), 854\u2013856.","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"255_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1177\/0011128705281754","volume":"52","author":"FS Taxman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Taxman, F. S., & Thanner, M. (2006). Risk, need, and responsivity (RNR): It all depends. Crime and Delinquency, 52(1), 28\u201351.","journal-title":"Crime and Delinquency"},{"issue":"1","key":"255_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000224","volume":"203","author":"A Tomita","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tomita, A., & Herman, D. (2015). The role of a critical time intervention on the experience of continuity of care among persons with severe mental illness following hospital discharge. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 203(1), 65\u201370.","journal-title":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,"},{"key":"255_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.299","author":"ML Trojano","year":"2017","unstructured":"Trojano, M. L., Christopher, P. P., Pinals, D. A., Harnish, A., & Smelson, D. (2017). Perceptions of voluntary consent among jail diverted veterans with co-occurring disorders. Behavioral Sciences & the Law. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bsl.299\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law"},{"key":"255_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2012.11.001","volume":"36","author":"NB Wolff","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wolff, N. B., Frueh, C., Huening, J., Shi, J., Epperson, M. W., Morgan, R., & Fisher, W. (2013). Practice informs the next generation of behavioral health and criminal justice interventions. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 36, 1\u201310.","journal-title":"International Journal of Law and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"255_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1177\/0011128712461904","volume":"61","author":"GA Zarkin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zarkin, G. A., Cowell, A. J., Hicks, K. A., Mills, M. J., Belenko, S., Dunlap, L. J., & Keyes, V. (2015). Lifetime benefits and costs of diverting substance-abusing offenders from state prison. Crime and Delinquency, 61(6), 829\u2013850.","journal-title":"Crime and Delinquency"},{"issue":"4","key":"255_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.3928\/0048-5713-20010401-09","volume":"31","author":"D Ziedonis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ziedonis, D., & Stern, R. (2001). Dual recovery therapy for schizophrenia and substance abuse. Psychiatric Annals, 31(4), 226\u2013232.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Annals"}],"container-title":["Community Mental Health Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10597-018-0255-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10597-018-0255-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10597-018-0255-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T22:43:20Z","timestamp":1567377800000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10597-018-0255-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["255"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10597-018-0255-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-3853","1573-2789"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-3853","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2789","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 September 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 March 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The authors report no known conflicts of interest and certify responsibility for the manuscript submitted.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the University of Massachusetts, the Department of Public Health, the Department of Mental Health, or the Massachusetts Executive Office of the Trial Court or United States Governments.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure"}},{"value":"This open pilot was reviewed by the University of Massachusetts Medical School\u2019s Institutional Review Board and was determined to be program evaluation rather than human subjects research.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Research Involving Human Participants"}}]}}