{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:46:42Z","timestamp":1791920802849,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Community Ment Health J"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-026-01724-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:02:15Z","timestamp":1791918135000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u201c\u2019Not just a job\u201d: Organizational Culture and the Sustainability of the Peer and Lived Experience Workforce"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2542-303X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan","family":"Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Leisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Auguste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Roca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun Hei","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sin Yan","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chyrell","family":"Bellamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8572-5590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"O\u2019Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1724_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1037\/prj0000392","volume":"43","author":"WE Adams","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adams, W. E., & Lincoln, A. K. (2020). Forensic peer specialists: Training, employment, and lived experience. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 43(3), 189.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal"},{"issue":"7","key":"1724_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-015-9970-5","volume":"52","author":"S Asad","year":"2016","unstructured":"Asad, S., & Chreim, S. (2016). Peer support providers\u2019 role experiences on interprofessional mental health care teams: A qualitative study. Community mental health journal, 52(7), 767\u2013774.","journal-title":"Community mental health journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"1724_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1108\/MHRJ-04-2014-0014","volume":"20","author":"HA Bailie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bailie, H. A., & Tickle, A. (2015). Effects of employment as a peer support worker on personal recovery: a review of qualitative evidence. Mental Health Review Journal, 20(1), 48\u201364.","journal-title":"Mental Health Review Journal"},{"key":"1724_CR4","first-page":"538","volume-title":"Psychotic Disorders: Comprehensive conceptualization and treatments","author":"CD Bellamy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bellamy, C. D., Klee, A. S., Cornejo, X., Guy, K., Costa, M., & Davidson, L. (2021). Peer support for people with psychiatric illness: A comprehensive review. In C. A. Tamminga, E. I. Ivleva, U. Reininghaus, & J. Os (Eds.), Psychotic Disorders: Comprehensive conceptualization and treatments (pp. 538\u2013546). Oxford University Press."},{"key":"1724_CR5","unstructured":"Blash, L., Chan, K., & Chapman, S. (2015). The peer provider workforce in behavioral health: A landscape analysis. UCSF Health Workforce Research Center on Long-Term Care."},{"key":"1724_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. American Psychological Association.","DOI":"10.1037\/13620-004"},{"issue":"3","key":"1724_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3109\/09638237.2015.1101428","volume":"25","author":"L Byrne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Byrne, L., Happell, B., & Reid-Searl, K. (2016). Lived experience practitioners and the medical model: world\u2019s colliding? Journal of Mental Health, 25(3), 217\u2013223.","journal-title":"Journal of Mental Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"1724_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-021-01162-2","volume":"49","author":"L Byrne","year":"2022","unstructured":"Byrne, L., Roennfeldt, H., Wolf, J., Linfoot, A., Foglesong, D., Davidson, L., & Bellamy, C. (2022). Effective peer employment within multidisciplinary organizations: Model for best practice. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 49(2), 283\u2013297.","journal-title":"Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"1724_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1037\/prj0000222","volume":"39","author":"R Cronise","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cronise, R., Teixeira, C., Rogers, E. S., & Harrington, S. (2016). The peer support workforce: Results of a national survey. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 39(3), 211.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal"},{"issue":"12","key":"1724_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201600378","volume":"68","author":"AS Daniels","year":"2017","unstructured":"Daniels, A. S., Bergeson, S., & Myrick, K. J. (2017). Defining peer roles and status among community health workers and peer support specialists in integrated systems of care. Psychiatric Services, 68(12), 1296\u20131298.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"1724_CR15","unstructured":"Davidson, L., & Rowe, M. (2008). Peer support within criminal justice settings: The role of forensic peer specialists. Delmar, NY: CMHS National GAINS Center."},{"issue":"2","key":"1724_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1093\/clipsy\/6.2.165","volume":"6","author":"L Davidson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Davidson, L., Chinman, M., Kloos, B., Weingarten, R., Stayner, D., & Tebes, J. K. (1999). Peer support among individuals with severe mental illness: A review of the evidence. Clinical psychology: Science and practice, 6(2), 165\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/clipsy\/6.2.165","journal-title":"Clinical psychology: Science and practice"},{"issue":"3","key":"1724_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbj043","volume":"32","author":"L Davidson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Davidson, L., Chinman, M., Sells, D., & Rowe, M. (2006). Peer support among adults with serious mental illness: a report from the field. Schizophrenia bulletin, 32(3), 443\u2013450.","journal-title":"Schizophrenia bulletin"},{"key":"1724_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davidson, L., Rakfeldt, J., & Strauss, J. (2011). The roots of the recovery movement in psychiatry: Lessons learned. Wiley.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470682999"},{"issue":"2","key":"1724_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wpsyc.2012.05.009","volume":"11","author":"L Davidson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Davidson, L., Bellamy, C., Guy, K., & Miller, R. (2012). Peer support among persons with severe mental illnesses: A review of evidence and experience. World Psychiatry, 11(2), 123\u2013128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wpsyc.2012.05.009","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1724_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-023-01156-4","volume":"60","author":"A Elswick","year":"2024","unstructured":"Elswick, A., Murdock, M., & Fallin-Bennett, A. (2024). Enhancing role integrity for peer workers. Community mental health journal, 60(1), 124\u2013130.","journal-title":"Community mental health journal"},{"key":"1724_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-29042-8_8","volume-title":"Implementation considerations and key challenges. Peer support services reaching people with schizophrenia: considerations for research and practice","author":"M Evans","year":"2023","unstructured":"Evans, M. (2023). Implementation considerations and key challenges. Peer support services reaching people with schizophrenia: considerations for research and practice (pp. 129\u2013144). Springer Nature Switzerland."},{"issue":"1","key":"1724_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1037\/prj0000475","volume":"45","author":"J Forbes","year":"2022","unstructured":"Forbes, J., Pratt, C., & Cronise, R. (2022). Experiences of peer support specialists supervised by nonpeer supervisors. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 45(1), 54.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"1724_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2018.03.010","volume":"54","author":"CA Gagne","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gagne, C. A., Finch, W. L., Myrick, K. J., & Davis, L. M. (2018). Peer workers in the behavioral and integrated health workforce: opportunities and future directions. American journal of preventive medicine, 54(6), S258\u2013S266.","journal-title":"American journal of preventive medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"1724_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1353\/cpr.2025.a956604","volume":"19","author":"AA Guy","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guy, A. A., Nishar, S., Alavi, S., Morales, A., Vanjani, R., & Soske, J. (2025). Carrying the weight of a broken system: Community health worker and peer recovery specialist roles transformed. Progress in community health partnerships: research education and action, 19(1), 129\u2013135.","journal-title":"Progress in community health partnerships: research education and action"},{"issue":"3","key":"1724_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-019-01739-1","volume":"55","author":"N Ibrahim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ibrahim, N., Thompson, D., Nixdorf, R., Kalha, J., Mpango, R., Moran, G., Mueller-Stierlin, A., Ryan, G., Mahlke, C., & Shamba, D. (2020). A systematic review of influences on implementation of peer support work for adults with mental health problems. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 55(3), 285\u2013293.","journal-title":"Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"1724_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201800552","volume":"70","author":"N Jones","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jones, N., Niu, G., Thomas, M., Riano, N. S., Hinshaw, S. P., & Mangurian, C. (2019). Peer specialists in community mental health: ongoing challenges of inclusion. Psychiatric Services, 70(12), 1172\u20131175.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"issue":"3","key":"1724_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1037\/prj0000395","volume":"43","author":"N Jones","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jones, N., Kosyluk, K., Gius, B., Wolf, J., & Rosen, C. (2020a). Investigating the mobility of the peer specialist workforce in the United States: Findings from a national survey. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 43(3), 179.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"1724_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-019-00980-9","volume":"47","author":"N Jones","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jones, N., Teague, G. B., Wolf, J., & Rosen, C. (2020b). Organizational climate and support among peer specialists working in peer-run, hybrid and conventional mental health settings. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 47(1), 150\u2013167.","journal-title":"Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"1724_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.2975\/35.4.2012.337.340","volume":"35","author":"V Kemp","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kemp, V., & Henderson, A. R. (2012). Challenges faced by mental health peer support workers: peer support from the peer supporter\u2019s point of view. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 35(4), 337.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal"},{"issue":"13","key":"1724_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315617444","volume":"26","author":"K Malterud","year":"2016","unstructured":"Malterud, K., Siersma, V. D., & Guassora, A. D. (2016). Sample size in qualitative interview studies: guided by information power. Qualitative health research, 26(13), 1753\u20131760.","journal-title":"Qualitative health research"},{"issue":"2","key":"1724_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-025-09980-0","volume":"53","author":"SJ Miller","year":"2026","unstructured":"Miller, S. J., Frary, S. G., Wu, E., Chu, W., Moskal, M., Bodalski, E., & Harrison, S. E. (2026). A Qualitative Analysis of Organizational Practices to Support Peer Support Workers in The Substance Use Disorder Recovery Field: MILLER ET AL. The journal of behavioral health services & research, 53(2), 254\u2013272.","journal-title":"The journal of behavioral health services & research"},{"issue":"4","key":"1724_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-021-01186-8","volume":"49","author":"E Mirbahaeddin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mirbahaeddin, E., & Chreim, S. (2022). A narrative review of factors influencing peer support role implementation in mental health systems: implications for research, policy and practice. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 49(4), 596\u2013612.","journal-title":"Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"1724_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1037\/ser0000531","volume":"19","author":"C Mutschler","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mutschler, C., Bellamy, C., Davidson, L., Lichtenstein, S., & Kidd, S. (2022). Implementation of peer support in mental health services: A systematic review of the literature. Psychological Services, 19(2), 360.","journal-title":"Psychological Services"},{"key":"1724_CR30","unstructured":"National Association of Peer Supporters (2013). National practice guidelines for peer supporters. https:\/\/www.peersupportworks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/nationalguidelines_updated.pdf"},{"issue":"5","key":"1724_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.20240166","volume":"76","author":"L Ostrow","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ostrow, L., Cook, J. A., Pelot, M., Robinett, K., Salzer, M. S., & Burke-Miller, J. K. (2025). Employment Status Following Peer Specialist Certification: Results of a 3-Year Multistate Survey. Psychiatric Services, 76(5), 497\u2013501.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"1724_CR32","unstructured":"Peer Recovery Center of Excellence (2024). National distribution of certified peer support specialists in the United States by State, district and territory."},{"key":"1724_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Policy Center for Maternal Mental Health (2024). Gaps in peer support reimbursement and certification in the United States [Fact Sheet]. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.69764\/MTOA3221","DOI":"10.69764\/MTOA3221"},{"issue":"1","key":"1724_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/09581596.2024.2332796","volume":"34","author":"KD Smith","year":"2024","unstructured":"Smith, K. D. (2024). The wages of peer recovery workers: underpaid, undervalued, and unjust. Critical Public Health, 34(1), 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09581596.2024.2332796","journal-title":"Critical Public Health"},{"key":"1724_CR35","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2015). Core competencies for peer workers in behavioral health services. Bringing Recovery Supports to Scale."},{"key":"1724_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2016.04.018","volume":"60","author":"J Vandewalle","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vandewalle, J., Debyser, B., Beeckman, D., Vandecasteele, T., Van Hecke, A., & Verhaeghe, S. (2016). Peer workers\u2019 perceptions and experiences of barriers to implementation of peer worker roles in mental health services: A literature review. International journal of nursing studies, 60, 234\u2013250.","journal-title":"International journal of nursing studies"},{"issue":"3","key":"1724_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-023-09832-9","volume":"50","author":"MP Ziemann","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ziemann, M. P., Dent, R. B., Schenk, E. D., Strod, D., Luo, Q., Banawa, R. A., Westergaard, S., & Erikson, C. E. (2023). Documenting a decade of exponential growth in employer demand for peer support providers. The journal of behavioral health services & research, 50(3), 413\u2013424.","journal-title":"The journal of behavioral health services &amp; research"}],"container-title":["Community Mental Health Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10597-026-01724-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10597-026-01724-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10597-026-01724-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:02:18Z","timestamp":1791918138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10597-026-01724-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["1724"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10597-026-01724-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-3853","1573-2789"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-3853","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2789","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}}]}}