{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:34:58Z","timestamp":1786980898701,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,8]],"date-time":"2012-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1336435200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dig Dis Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2188-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,7]],"date-time":"2012-05-07T02:12:40Z","timestamp":1336356760000},"page":"2527-2534","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["What Factors Are Associated with the Difficult-to-Sedate Endoscopy Patient?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Bikram S.","family":"Bal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Crowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Divyanshoo R.","family":"Kohli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiana","family":"Menendez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzin","family":"Rashti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjali S.","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin W.","family":"Olden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2188_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.40157.x","volume":"99","author":"NS Abraham","year":"2004","unstructured":"Abraham NS, Fallone CA, Mayrand S, Huang J, Wieczorek P, Barkun AN. Sedation versus no sedation in the performance of diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a Canadian randomized controlled cost-outcome study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;99:1692\u20131699.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2188_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3056","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.07101.x","volume":"97","author":"R Zubarik","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zubarik R, Ganguly E, Benway D, Ferrentino N, Moses P, Vecchio J. Procedure-related abdominal discomfort in patients undergoing colorectal cancer screening: a comparison of colonoscopy and flexible sigmoidoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002;97:3056\u20133061.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2188_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.289.6441.351","volume":"289","author":"PJ Cook","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cook PJ, Flanagan R, James IM. Diazepam tolerance: effect of age, regular sedation, and alcohol. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1984;289:351\u2013353.","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"2188_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-005-2952-7","volume":"50","author":"LR Pena","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pena LR, Mardini HE, Nickl NJ. Development of an instrument to assess and predict satisfaction and poor tolerance among patients undergoing endoscopic procedures. Dig Dis Sci. 2005;50:1860\u20131871.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"2188_CR5","first-page":"1476","volume":"89","author":"SM Schutz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Schutz SM, Lee JG, Schmitt CM, Almon M, Baillie J. Clues to patient dissatisfaction with conscious sedation for colonoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol. 1994;89:1476\u20131479.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2188_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199706000-00007","volume":"24","author":"RJ Mahajan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mahajan RJ, Johnson JC, Marshall JB. Predictors of patient cooperation during gastrointestinal endoscopy. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1997;24:220\u2013223.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2188_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","volume":"67","author":"AS Zigmond","year":"1983","unstructured":"Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67:361\u2013370.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2188_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x","volume":"88","author":"JB Saunders","year":"1993","unstructured":"Saunders JB, Aasland OG, Babor TF, de la Fuente JR, Grant M. Development of the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption II. Addiction. 1993;88:791\u2013804.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"2188_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1997.tb03811.x","volume":"21","author":"JP Allen","year":"199","unstructured":"Allen JP, Litten RZ, Fertig JB, Babor T. A review of research on the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT). Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 199;21:613\u2013619.","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"2188_CR10","volume-title":"The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Guidelines for Use in Primary Care","author":"TF Babor","year":"2001","unstructured":"Babor TF, Higgins-Biddle JC, Saunders JB, Monteiro MG. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Guidelines for Use in Primary Care. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2001.","edition":"2"},{"key":"2188_CR11","volume-title":"The State Trait anxiety inventory: A Comprehensive Bibliography","author":"CD Spielberger","year":"1983","unstructured":"Spielberger CD. The State Trait anxiety inventory: A Comprehensive Bibliography. CA: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1983."},{"key":"2188_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2134(88)90046-4","volume":"12","author":"J Briere","year":"1988","unstructured":"Briere J, Runtz M. Multivariate correlates of childhood psychological and physical maltreatment among university women. Child Abuse Negl. 1988;12:331\u2013341.","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"2188_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.61.6.984","volume":"61","author":"HS Resnick","year":"1993","unstructured":"Resnick HS, Kilpatrick DG, Dansky BS, Saunders BE, Best CL. Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of women. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1993;61:984\u2013991.","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"2188_CR14","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Anonymous Sexual Offences against Children","author":"R Badgley","year":"1984","unstructured":"Badgley R, Allard H, McCormick N, et al. Occurrence in the population. In: Kortet R, Vainikka A, eds. Anonymous Sexual Offences against Children, vol. 1. Ottawa: Canadian Government Publishing Centre; 1984:175\u2013193."},{"key":"2188_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.1995.9933752","volume":"21","author":"J Leserman","year":"1995","unstructured":"Leserman J, Drossman DA, Li Z, Toomey TC, Nachman G. The reliability and validity of a sexual and physical abuse history questionnaire in female patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Behav Med. 1995;21:141\u2013150.","journal-title":"Behav Med"},{"key":"2188_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2107138","volume":"166","author":"CN Sessler","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sessler CN, Gosnell MS, Grap MJ, et al. The Richmond agitation-sedation scale: validity and reliability in adult intensive care unit patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:1338\u20131344.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2188_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.22.2983","volume":"289","author":"EW Ely","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ely EW, Truman B, Shintani A, et al. Monitoring sedation status over time in ICU patients: reliability and validity of the Richmond agitation-sedation scale (RASS). JAMA. 2003;289:2983\u20132991.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2188_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066603251200","volume":"18","author":"DH Rhoney","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rhoney DH, Murry KR. National survey of the use of sedating drugs, neuromuscular blocking agents, and reversal agents in the intensive care unit. J Intensive Care Med. 2003;18:139\u2013145.","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2188_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/S0964-3397(03)00065-X","volume":"19","author":"KA Samuelson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Samuelson KA, Larsson S, Lundberg D, Fridlund B. Intensive care sedation of mechanically ventilated patients: a national Swedish survey. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2003;19:350\u2013362.","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"key":"2188_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2009.03.001","volume":"10","author":"AT Nisbet","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nisbet AT, Mooney-Cotter F. Comparison of selected sedation scales for reporting opioid-induced sedation assessment. Pain Manag Nurs. 2009;10:154\u2013164.","journal-title":"Pain Manag Nurs"},{"key":"2188_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2009.02173.x","volume":"54","author":"M Almgren","year":"2010","unstructured":"Almgren M, Lundmark M, Samuelson K. The Richmond agitation-sedation scale: translation and reliability testing in a Swedish intensive care unit. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2010;54:729\u2013735.","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"2188_CR22","first-page":"38","volume-title":"Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions","author":"JL Fleiss","year":"1981","unstructured":"Fleiss JL. Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley; 1981:38\u201346.","edition":"2"},{"key":"2188_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(97)70295-5","volume":"45","author":"F Froehlich","year":"1997","unstructured":"Froehlich F, Thorens J, Schwizer W, et al. Sedation and analgesia for colonoscopy: patient tolerance, pain, and cardiorespiratory parameters. Gastrointest Endosc. 1997;45:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"2188_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.09.029","volume":"68","author":"DR Lichtenstein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Standards of Practice Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Lichtenstein DR, Jagannath S, Baron TH, et al. Sedation and anesthesia in GI endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2008;68:815\u2013826.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"2188_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1097\/00001610-200605000-00003","volume":"29","author":"E Davy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Davy E. The endoscopy patient with a history of sexual abuse: strategies for compassionate care. Gastroenterol Nurs. 2006;29:221\u2013225.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Nurs"},{"key":"2188_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-8343(98)00050-4","volume":"20","author":"ML Borum","year":"1998","unstructured":"Borum ML. Childhood sexual trauma as a potential factor for noncompliance with endoscopic procedures. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1998;20:381\u2013382.","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"2188_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.06.002","volume":"133","author":"LB Cohen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cohen LB, Delegge MH, Aisenberg J, et al. AGA Institute review of endoscopic sedation. Gastroenterology. 2007;133:675\u2013701.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2188_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drossman D, et al. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:782\u2013794.","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-123-10-199511150-00007"}],"container-title":["Digestive Diseases and Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10620-012-2188-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10620-012-2188-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10620-012-2188-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T15:45:01Z","timestamp":1559231101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10620-012-2188-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2188"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10620-012-2188-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-2116","1573-2568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-2116","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2568","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,8]]}}}