{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:35:18Z","timestamp":1786980918371,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]],"date-time":"2020-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587600000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]],"date-time":"2020-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dig Dis Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-020-06266-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]],"date-time":"2020-04-23T10:02:55Z","timestamp":1587636175000},"page":"999-1008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Incidence of Non-variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Worsens Outcomes with Acute Coronary Syndrome: Result of a National Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Lauren","family":"Pioppo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Bhurwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debashis","family":"Reja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augustine","family":"Tawadros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemant","family":"Mutneja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akshay","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anish","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"6266_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200402000-00009","volume":"16","author":"KC Thomopoulos","year":"2004","unstructured":"Thomopoulos KC, Vagenas KA, Vagianos CE, et al. Changes in aetiology and clinical outcome of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding during the last 15 years. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;16:177\u2013182.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"6266_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-009-0914-1","volume":"55","author":"SD Dorn","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dorn SD, Shah ND, Berg BP, Naessens JM. Effect of weekend hospital admission on gastrointestinal hemorrhage outcomes. Dig Dis Sci. 2010;55:1658\u20131666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10620-009-0914-1.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"6266_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7779","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i48.7779","volume":"12","author":"R-A Enns","year":"2006","unstructured":"Enns R-A, Gagnon Y-M, Barkun A-N, et al. Validation of the Rockall scoring system for outcomes from non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a Canadian setting. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12:7779\u20137785.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6266_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i11.1202","volume":"18","author":"IL Holster","year":"2012","unstructured":"Holster IL, Kuipers EJ. Management of acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: current policies and future perspectives. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18:1202\u20131207.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6266_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1023\/B:THRO.0000024050.78728.35","volume":"16","author":"LK Newby","year":"2003","unstructured":"Newby LK, Bhapkar MV, White HD, et al. Aspirin use post-acute coronary syndromes: intolerance, bleeding and discontinuation. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2003;16:119\u2013128.","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"6266_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.6.696","volume":"292","author":"AM Lincoff","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lincoff AM, Kleiman NS, Kereiakes DJ, et al. Long-term efficacy of bivalirudin and provisional glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa blockade vs heparin and planned glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa blockade during percutaneous coronary revascularization: REPLACE-2 randomized trial. JAMA. 2004;292:696\u2013703.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"6266_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001125","volume":"30","author":"MY Khan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khan MY, Siddiqui WJ, Alvarez C, et al. Reduction in postpercutaneous coronary intervention angina in addition to gastrointestinal events in patients on combined proton pump inhibitors and dual antiplatelet therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;30:847\u2013853.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"6266_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38947.697558.AE","volume":"333","author":"J Hallas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hallas J, Dall M, Andries A, et al. Use of single and combined antithrombotic therapy and risk of serious upper gastrointestinal bleeding: population based case-control study. BMJ. 2006;333:726.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"6266_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.08.002","volume":"52","author":"DL Bhatt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bhatt DL, Scheiman J, Abraham NS, et al. ACCF\/ACG\/AHA 2008 expert consensus document on reducing the gastrointestinal risks of antiplatelet therapy and NSAID use: a report of the American college of cardiology foundation task force on clinical expert consensus documents. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52:1502\u20131517.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"6266_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(04)90019-7","volume":"26","author":"MJ Spirt","year":"2004","unstructured":"Spirt MJ. Stress-related mucosal disease: risk factors and prophylactic therapy. Clin Ther. 2004;26:197\u2013213.","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"6266_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318202f701","volume":"122","author":"NS Abraham","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abraham NS, Hlatky MA, Antman EM, et al. ACCF\/ACG\/AHA 2010 expert consensus document on the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors and thienopyridines: a focused update of the ACCF\/ACG\/AHA 2008 expert consensus document on reducing the gastrointestinal risks of antiplatelet therapy and NSAID use: a report of the American college of cardiology foundation task force on expert consensus documents. Circulation. 2010;122:2619\u20132633.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"6266_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.07.019","volume":"54","author":"E Nikolsky","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nikolsky E, Stone GW, Kirtane AJ, et al. Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndromes: incidence, predictors, and clinical implications: analysis from the ACUITY (acute catheterization and urgent intervention triage strategy) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:1293\u20131302.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"6266_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01715.x","volume":"103","author":"F-H Ng","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ng F-H, Wong S-Y, Lam K-F, et al. Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving a combination of aspirin, clopidogrel, and enoxaparin in acute coronary syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008;103:865\u2013871.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6266_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2411","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01460.x","volume":"102","author":"MWS Chin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chin MWS, Yong G, Bulsara MK, Rankin J, Forbes GM. Predictive and protective factors associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention: a case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:2411\u20132416.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6266_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1159\/000141264","volume":"77","author":"F-H Ng","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ng F-H, Lam K-F, Wong S-Y, et al. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with aspirin and clopidogrel co-therapy. Digestion. 2008;77:173\u2013177.","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"6266_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-008-2215-4","volume":"43","author":"FH Ng","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ng FH, Chan P, Kwanching CP, et al. Management and outcome of peptic ulcers or erosions in patients receiving a combination of aspirin plus clopidogrel. J Gastroenterol. 2008;43:679\u2013686.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6266_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.17488","volume":"318","author":"AR Chapman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chapman AR, Lee KK, McAllister DA, et al. Association of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I concentration with cardiac outcomes in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome. JAMA. 2017;318:1913\u20131924.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"6266_CR18","first-page":"1","volume":"43","author":"FA Bhuiya","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bhuiya FA, Pitts SR, McCaig LF. Emergency department visits for chest pain and abdominal pain: United States, 1999\u20132008. NCHS Data Brief. 2010;43:1\u20138.","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"6266_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.4065\/84.10.917","volume":"84","author":"A Kumar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kumar A, Cannon CP. Acute coronary syndromes: diagnosis and management. Part I Mayo Clin Proc. 2009;84:917\u2013938.","journal-title":"Part I Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"6266_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7329.71","volume":"324","author":"Antithrombotic Trialists\u2019 Collaboration","year":"2002","unstructured":"Antithrombotic Trialists\u2019 Collaboration. Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients. BMJ. 2002;324:71\u201386.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"6266_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010746","volume":"345","author":"S Yusuf","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yusuf S, Zhao F, Mehta SR, et al. Effects of clopidogrel in addition to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:494\u2013502.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6266_CR22","unstructured":"Eikelboom JW, Anand SS, Malmberg K, Weitz JI, Ginsberg JS, Yusuf S. Unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin in acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation: a meta-analysis. Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (UK) 2000; [cited 2019 Aug 23]. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK68118\/. Accessed  23 Aug 2019."},{"key":"6266_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.3.331","volume":"289","author":"GC Wong","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wong GC, Giugliano RP, Antman EM. Use of low-molecular-weight heparins in the management of acute coronary artery syndromes and percutaneous coronary intervention. JAMA. 2003;289:331\u2013342.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"6266_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.20.2045","volume":"100","author":"E Boersma","year":"1999","unstructured":"Boersma E, Akkerhuis KM, Th\u00e9roux P, Califf RM, Topol EJ, Simoons ML. Platelet glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa receptor inhibition in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: early benefit during medical treatment only, with additional protection during percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation. 1999;100:2045\u20132048.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"6266_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2908","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.23.2908","volume":"293","author":"SR Mehta","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mehta SR, Cannon CP, Fox KAA, et al. Routine vs selective invasive strategies in patients with acute coronary syndromes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA. 2005;293:2908\u20132917.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"6266_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.694273","volume":"116","author":"FA Spencer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Spencer FA, Moscucci M, Granger CB, et al. Does comorbidity account for the excess mortality in patients with major bleeding in acute myocardial infarction? Circulation. 2007;116:2793\u20132801.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"6266_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.612812","volume":"114","author":"JW Eikelboom","year":"2006","unstructured":"Eikelboom JW, Mehta SR, Anand SS, Xie C, Fox KAA, Yusuf S. Adverse impact of bleeding on prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Circulation. 2006;114:774\u2013782.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"6266_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.04.036","volume":"94","author":"C Berry","year":"2004","unstructured":"Berry C, Kelly J, Cobbe SM, Eteiba H. Comparison of femoral bleeding complications after coronary angiography versus percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol. 2004;94:361\u2013363.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"6266_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(03)00079-6","volume":"145","author":"WD Piper","year":"2003","unstructured":"Piper WD, Malenka DJ, Ryan TJ, et al. Predicting vascular complications in percutaneous coronary interventions. Am Heart J. 2003;145:1022\u20131029.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"6266_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2010.12.081","volume":"157","author":"A Shalev","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shalev A, Zahger D, Novack V, et al. Incidence, predictors and outcome of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Int J Cardiol. 2012;157:386\u2013390.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"6266_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.03.038","volume":"96","author":"AE Abbas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Abbas AE, Brodie B, Dixon S, et al. Incidence and prognostic impact of gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2005;96:173\u2013176.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"6266_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-006-9005-8","volume":"23","author":"M Al-Mallah","year":"2007","unstructured":"Al-Mallah M, Bazari RN, Jankowski M, Hudson MP. Predictors and outcomes associated with gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndromes. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2007;23:51\u201355.","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"6266_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.06.026","volume":"100","author":"F Feit","year":"2007","unstructured":"Feit F, Voeltz MD, Attubato MJ, et al. Predictors and impact of major hemorrhage on mortality following percutaneous coronary intervention from the REPLACE-2 trial. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1364\u20131369.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"6266_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.02.027","volume":"49","author":"SV Manoukian","year":"2007","unstructured":"Manoukian SV, Feit F, Mehran R, et al. Impact of major bleeding on 30-day mortality and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes: an analysis from the ACUITY trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:1362\u20131368.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"6266_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.11.012","volume":"150","author":"A Segev","year":"2005","unstructured":"Segev A, Strauss BH, Tan M, et al. Predictors and 1-year outcome of major bleeding in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: insights from the Canadian acute coronary syndrome registries. Am Heart J. 2005;150:690\u2013694.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"6266_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1007964","volume":"363","author":"DL Bhatt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bhatt DL, Cryer BL, Contant CF, et al. Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:1909\u20131917.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6266_CR37","unstructured":"HCUP Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) Comparison Report [Internet]. [cited 2019 Aug 30]. Available from: https:\/\/www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/db\/nation\/nis\/reports\/2003niscomparisonrpt.jsp. Accessed  30 Aug 2019."}],"container-title":["Digestive Diseases and Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10620-020-06266-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10620-020-06266-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10620-020-06266-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T20:23:45Z","timestamp":1619123025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10620-020-06266-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["6266"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10620-020-06266-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-2116","1573-2568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-2116","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2568","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 December 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 April 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 April 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}