{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T14:29:04Z","timestamp":1784903344044,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dig Dis Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-024-08491-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T05:01:36Z","timestamp":1717563696000},"page":"2927-2936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Role of Environmental Risk Factors in the Etiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Multicenter Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9227-0953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cemile Cansu","family":"Alperen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bar\u0131s","family":"Soydas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ender","family":"Serin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Erbayrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nurten Akyurek","family":"Savas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gulhan Kanat","family":"Unler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cenk Emre","family":"Meral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ugur","family":"Toprak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet Sedat","family":"Boyacioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulku","family":"Dagli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"8491_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S33961","volume":"5","author":"A Ponder","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ponder A, Long MD. A clinical review of recent findings in the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Epidemiol. 2013;5:237\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CLEP.S33961.","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"8491_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30333-4","volume":"5","author":"GBD 2017 Inflammatory Bowel Disease Collaborators","year":"2020","unstructured":"GBD 2017 Inflammatory Bowel Disease Collaborators. The global, regional, and national burden of inflammatory bowel disease in 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;5:17\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30333-4.","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"10114","key":"8491_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32448-0","volume":"390","author":"SC Ng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ng SC, Shi HY, Hamidi N et al. Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies. Lancet. 2017;390:2769\u20132778. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32448-0.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"3","key":"8491_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-2980.2010.00429.x","volume":"11","author":"V Ahuja","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ahuja V, Tandon RK. Inflammatory bowel disease in the Asia-Pacific area: a comparison with developed countries and regional differences. J Dig Dis. 2010;11:134\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1751-2980.2010.00429.x.","journal-title":"J Dig Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"8491_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.01.055","volume":"140","author":"J Cosnes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cosnes J, Gower-Rousseau C, Seksik P, Cortot A. Epidemiology and natural history of inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology. 2011;140:1785\u20131794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.01.055.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"issue":"1","key":"8491_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.10.001","volume":"142","author":"NA Molodecky","year":"2012","unstructured":"Molodecky NA, Soon IS, Rabi DM et al. Increasing incidence and prevalence of the inflammatory bowel diseases with time, based on systematic review. Gastroenterology. 2012;142:46-e30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.10.001.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"8491_CR7","unstructured":"Dagli U (2008) Epidemiology and genetics of inflammatory bowel disease in Turkey. Proceedings of the falk symposium 159 on IBD 2007 achievements in research and clinical practice; 2007 May 4\u20135; Istanbul, Turkey. Falk symposium abstracts book of \u0131nvited lectures, pp. 25\u201326"},{"issue":"4","key":"8491_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2020.07.005","volume":"49","author":"L Du","year":"2020","unstructured":"Du L, Ha C. Epidemiology and pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2020;49:643\u2013654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gtc.2020.07.005.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am."},{"issue":"10080","key":"8491_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31711-1","volume":"389","author":"J Torres","year":"2017","unstructured":"Torres J, Mehandru S, Colombel JF, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Crohn\u2019s disease. Lancet. 2017;389:1741\u20131755. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31711-1.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"11","key":"8491_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.4065\/81.11.1462","volume":"81","author":"SS Mahid","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mahid SS, Minor KS, Soto RE, Hornung CA, Galandiuk S. Smoking and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2006;81:1462\u20131471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4065\/81.11.1462.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"issue":"4","key":"8491_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303661","volume":"62","author":"SC Ng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ng SC, Bernstein CN, Vatn MH et al. Geographical variability and environmental risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut. 2013;62:630\u2013649. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303661.","journal-title":"Gut."},{"issue":"12","key":"8491_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2687","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.398","volume":"105","author":"SY Shaw","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shaw SY, Blanchard JF, Bernstein CN. Association between the use of antibiotics in the first year of life and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;105:2687\u20132692. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ajg.2010.398.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"11","key":"8491_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2014.246","volume":"109","author":"R Ungaro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ungaro R, Bernstein CN, Gearry R et al. Antibiotics associated with increased risk of new-onset Crohn\u2019s disease but not ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109:1728\u20131738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ajg.2014.246.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"2","key":"8491_CR14","first-page":"72","volume":"15","author":"A Vedamurthy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vedamurthy A, Ananthakrishnan AN. Influence of environmental factors in the development and outcomes of \u0131nflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY). 2019;15:72\u201382.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY)."},{"issue":"7","key":"8491_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307410","volume":"64","author":"SC Ng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ng SC, Tang W, Leong RW et al. Environmental risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based case-control study in Asia-Pacific. Gut. 2015;64:1063\u20131071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307410.","journal-title":"Gut."},{"issue":"10","key":"8491_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mib.0000228998.29466.ac","volume":"12","author":"J Halfvarson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Halfvarson J, Jess T, Magnuson A et al. Environmental factors in inflammatory bowel disease: a co-twin control study of a Swedish\u2013Danish twin population. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2006;12:925\u2013933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.mib.0000228998.29466.ac.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"8491_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000262","DOI":"10.1136\/fmch-2019-000262","volume":"8","author":"MZI Chowdhury","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chowdhury MZI, Turin TC. Variable selection strategies and its importance in clinical prediction modelling. Fam Med Community Health. 2020;8:e000262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/fmch-2019-000262.","journal-title":"Fam Med Community Health."},{"key":"8491_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175628482110044","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848211004493","volume":"14","author":"JE Axelrad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Axelrad JE, Cadwell KH, Colombel JF, Shah SC. The role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2021;14:17562848211004492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17562848211004493.","journal-title":"Therap Adv Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"10","key":"8491_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12319","volume":"10","author":"N Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh N, Bernstein CN. Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease. United Eur Gastroenterol J. 2022;10:1047\u20131053. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ueg2.12319.","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J."},{"issue":"4","key":"8491_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-327845","volume":"72","author":"AS Faye","year":"2023","unstructured":"Faye AS, Allin KH, Iversen AT et al. Antibiotic use as a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease across the ages: a population-based cohort study. Gut. 2023;72:663\u2013670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-327845.","journal-title":"Gut."},{"issue":"3","key":"8491_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.04.016","volume":"157","author":"D Piovani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Piovani D, Danese S, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Nikolopoulos GK, Lytras T, Bonovas S. Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. Gastroenterology. 2019;157:647-659.e4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.04.016.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"8491_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100884","volume":"36","author":"M Agrawal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agrawal M, Sabino J, Frias-Gomes C et al. Early life exposures and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analyses. EClinicalMedicine. 2021;36:100884. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100884.","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine."},{"issue":"3","key":"8491_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.054353","volume":"54","author":"S Baron","year":"2005","unstructured":"Baron S, Turck D, Leplat C et al. Environmental risk factors in paediatric inflammatory bowel diseases: a population based case control study. Gut. 2005;54:357\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.2004.054353.","journal-title":"Gut."},{"issue":"8","key":"8491_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-013-0865-3","volume":"49","author":"IA Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee IA, Low D, Kamba A, Llado V, Mizoguchi E. Oral caffeine administration ameliorates acute colitis by suppressing chitinase 3-like 1 expression in intestinal epithelial cells. J Gastroenterol. 2014;49:1206\u20131216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00535-013-0865-3.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"6500","key":"8491_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.291.6500.971-c","volume":"291","author":"G Bianchi Porro","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bianchi Porro G, Panza E. Smoking, sugar, and inflammatory bowel disease. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985;291:971\u2013972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.291.6500.971-c.","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)."},{"issue":"6","key":"8491_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2011.05.010","volume":"5","author":"TS Hansen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hansen TS, Jess T, Vind I et al. Environmental factors in inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study based on a Danish inception cohort. J Crohns Colitis. 2011;5:577\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crohns.2011.05.010.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis."},{"issue":"1","key":"8491_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2012.05.024","volume":"7","author":"C Jakobsen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jakobsen C, Paerregaard A, Munkholm P, Wewer V. Environmental factors and risk of developing paediatric inflammatory bowel disease\u2014a population based study 2007\u20132009. J Crohns Colitis. 2013;7:79\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crohns.2012.05.024.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis."},{"issue":"3","key":"8491_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199803000-00010","volume":"10","author":"MG Russel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Russel MG, Engels LG, Muris JW et al. Modern life\u2019 in the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study with special emphasis on nutritional factors. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1998;10:243\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00042737-199803000-00010.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"9","key":"8491_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0022-9","volume":"15","author":"H Khalili","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khalili H, Chan SSM, Lochhead P, Ananthakrishnan AN, Hart AR, Chan AT. The role of diet in the aetiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;15:525\u2013535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-018-0022-9.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"12","key":"8491_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-020-00794-y","volume":"22","author":"S Altajar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Altajar S, Moss A. Inflammatory bowel disease environmental risk factors: diet and gut microbiota. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2020;22:57. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11894-020-00794-y.","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"8491_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00634-6","volume":"19","author":"TH Bisgaard","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bisgaard TH, Allin KH, Keefer L, Ananthakrishnan AN, Jess T. Depression and anxiety in inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, mechanisms and treatment. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;19:717\u2013726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-022-00634-6.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"8491_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjab191","volume":"16","author":"J Luo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Luo J, Xu Z, Noordam R, van Heemst D, Li-Gao R. Depression and inflammatory bowel disease: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. J Crohns Colitis. 2022;16:633\u2013642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjab191.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis."},{"issue":"1","key":"8491_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81213-8","volume":"11","author":"X Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao X, Tang Y, Lei N et al. Symptoms of anxiety\/depression is associated with more aggressive inflammatory bowel disease. Sci Rep. 2021;11:1440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-81213-8.","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"8491_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.5217\/ir.2020.00008","volume":"19","author":"S Nicolaides","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nicolaides S, Vasudevan A, Long T, van Langenberg D. The impact of tobacco smoking on treatment choice and efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease. Intest Res. 2021;19:158\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5217\/ir.2020.00008.","journal-title":"Intest Res."}],"container-title":["Digestive Diseases and Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10620-024-08491-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10620-024-08491-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10620-024-08491-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T17:00:59Z","timestamp":1724432459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10620-024-08491-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["8491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10620-024-08491-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-2116","1573-2568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-2116","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2568","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 May 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 June 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no confict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Ethical approval from Ba\u015fkent University Faculty of Medicine Research and Ethics Committee (Project No. KA20\/306) validated the research\u2019s scientific and ethical basis.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}