{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T03:20:41Z","timestamp":1787800841724,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dig Dis Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      overgrowth in the small intestine can cause non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms mimicking those of other conditions, making diagnosis challenging.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To describe the characteristics of patients with\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      -related intestinal illness in a large US commercial health insurance claims dataset.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We used the Merative\u2122 MarketScan\u00ae Commercial\/Medicare Database to identify patients who received\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      enteritis diagnosis codes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 3,710 patients. Rates were higher among women (20.3\/100,000), patients ages 35\u201344 (19.3\/100,000) and in the West (28.1\/100,000). Fatigue (44%) and abdominal pain (26%) were common symptoms. Few patients (6%) received an esophagogastroduodenoscopy, the preferred diagnostic method, and 38% received systemic antifungal therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Increased healthcare provider awareness about proper diagnosis and treatment of intestinal\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      overgrowth could be beneficial.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-026-09905-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T16:28:24Z","timestamp":1776356904000},"page":"4400-4405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Candida Enteritis Diagnoses in the United States: Prevalence and Clinical Insights from a Large Commercial Insurance Database"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0458-2493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaitlin","family":"Benedict","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy A. W.","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Pimentel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"9905_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-015-0436-2","volume":"17","author":"A Erdogan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Erdogan A, Rao SS. Small intestinal fungal overgrowth. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2015;17:16.","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"9905_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pimentel M, Saad RJ, Long MD, Rao SSC. ACG Clinical Guideline: Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology | ACG. 2020;115(2).","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000501"},{"key":"9905_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/21.4.881","volume":"21","author":"J Levine","year":"1995","unstructured":"Levine J, Dykoski RK, Janoff EN. Candida-Associated Diarrhea: A Syndrome in Search of Credibility. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 1995;21:881\u2013886.","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases."},{"key":"9905_CR4","first-page":"E61","volume":"5","author":"L Falci","year":"2016","unstructured":"Falci L, Shi Z, Greenlee H. Multiple Chronic Conditions and Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Among US Adults: Results From the 2012 National Health Interview Survey. Prev Chronic Dis 2016;5:E61.","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"key":"9905_CR5","unstructured":"Peregoy JA, Clarke TC, Jones LI, Stussman BJ, Nahin RL. Regional variation in use of complementary health approaches by U.S. adults. NCHS Data Brief. 2014;(146):1\u20138."}],"container-title":["Digestive Diseases and Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10620-026-09905-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10620-026-09905-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10620-026-09905-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T03:15:29Z","timestamp":1787800529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10620-026-09905-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["9905"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10620-026-09905-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-2116","1573-2568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-2116","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2568","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All authors report no conflicts of interest related to this work.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This activity was reviewed by the CDC and was conducted consistent with applicable federal law and CDC policy (e.g., 45 C.F.R. part 46.102(l)(2), 21 C.F.R. part 56; 42 U.S.C. \u00a7241(d); 5 U.S.C. \u00a7552a; 44 U.S.C. \u00a73501 et seq.). Because MarketScan data are fully de-identified, this analysis was not subject to review by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) institutional review board.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}