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All participants underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and visual field (VF) testing (24\u20132 and 10\u20132). Thirty patients with adequate CPAP adherence were reassessed after 6\u00a0months. Baseline comparisons were additionally adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and false discovery rate (FDR) correction was applied for multiple comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline neuro-ophthalmologic differences between OSAS patients and controls did not remain statistically significant after BMI adjustment and FDR correction. Following CPAP therapy, significant increases in average and inferior peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were observed and remained significant after FDR correction. Significant improvements were also detected in 24\u20132 VF indices (VFI, MD, and PSD) and 10\u20132 PSD values after treatment. In contrast, OCTA-derived vascular parameters and macular thickness changes did not remain significant after correction for multiple comparisons. All polysomnographic parameters and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores improved significantly after treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although baseline cross-sectional neuro-ophthalmologic differences were attenuated after BMI adjustment and multiple-comparison correction, longitudinal analyses demonstrated significant structural and functional improvement following CPAP therapy in severe OSAS. Multimodal assessment combining OCT and retinal and macular perimetry may provide a useful framework for monitoring treatment-related neuro-ophthalmologic changes in OSAS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-026-10122-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T05:15:20Z","timestamp":1781154920000},"page":"207-221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Multimodal neuro-ophthalmologic changes and the impact of CPAP therapy in severe obstructive sleep apnea: a prospective OCT, OCTA, and visual field study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"153","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7888-5396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yagmur Inalkac","family":"Gemici","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6375-3980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uzeyir","family":"Ozturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8760-1826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa","family":"Erdogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4967-7544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suleyman Sami","family":"Ilker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2902-380X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hikmet","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5728-9824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ays\u0131n K\u0131sabay","family":"Ak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10122_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/ni.2011.e15","volume":"3","author":"ML Ho","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ho ML, Brass SD (2011) Obstructive sleep apnea. 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