{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:09:23Z","timestamp":1792793363058,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Invest New Drugs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background.<\/jats:italic> Anlotinib hydrochloride is an oral small molecule inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases, and it has been approved as a third-line therapy for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in China. This dose-exploration study was designed to investigate the feasibility of anlotinib in combination with other chemotherapy regimens in patients with nonsquamous NSCLC. <jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> This phase I study followed a 3\u2009+\u20093 dose reduction design with three doses of anlotinib (12\u00a0mg, 10\u00a0mg, and 8\u00a0mg). Anlotinib was given at an initial dose of 12\u00a0mg with pemetrexed (500\u00a0mg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) plus cisplatin (75\u00a0mg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) or carboplatin (AUC\u2009=\u20095) on 21-day cycles for 4 cycles. The primary goal of the study was to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> A total of eight participants were enrolled. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed in two patients (pts) at anlotinib 12\u00a0mg (grade 3 hand-foot syndrome and grade 3 appetite loss). No DLTs occurred with 10\u00a0mg anlotinib, and the MTD was 10\u00a0mg. Among seven evaluable pts, four achieved a confirmed partial response (PR), and three had stable disease (SD). With a median follow-up of 10.05\u00a0months, the median PFS was 7.00\u00a0months (95% CI: 2.76 to NE). Grade 3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) included appetite loss (n\u2009=\u20092), hypertension (n\u2009=\u20092), thrombocytopenia (n\u2009=\u20091), diarrhea (n\u2009=\u20091) and hand-foot syndrome (n\u2009=\u20091). No grade 4 or grade 5 TRAEs were observed during the treatment. <jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic> The feasible dose of anlotinib in combination with platinum\/pemetrexed-based chemotherapy as a first-line regimen was 10\u00a0mg, which was well tolerated and showed promising antitumor activity in advanced nonsquamous NSCLC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-021-01179-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T05:02:41Z","timestamp":1635742961000},"page":"308-313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A phase I study of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor anlotinib combined with platinum\/pemetrexed-based chemotherapy in untreated nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Meijuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongmei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2133-6833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"You","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1179_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.11.032","volume":"50","author":"SA Laurie","year":"2014","unstructured":"Laurie SA, Solomon BJ, Seymour L, Ellis PM, Goss GD, Shepherd FA, Boyer MJ, Arnold AM, Clingan P, Laberge F, Fenton D, Hirsh V, Zukin M, Stockler MR, Lee CW, Chen EX, Montenegro A, Ding K, Bradbury PA (2014) Randomised, double-blind trial of carboplatin and paclitaxel with daily oral cediranib or placebo in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: NCIC Clinical Trials Group study BR29. Eur J Cancer 50:706\u2013712","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"1179_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3084","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.39.7646","volume":"30","author":"Paz-Ares LG, Biesma B, Heigener D, von Pawel J, Eisen T, Bennouna J, Zhang L, Liao M, Sun Y, Gans S, Syrigos K, Le Marie E, Gottfried M, Vansteenkiste J, Alberola V, Strauss UP, Montegriffo E, Ong TJ, Santoro A and Group NREUSIS","year":"2012","unstructured":"Paz-Ares LG, Biesma B, Heigener D, von Pawel J, Eisen T, Bennouna J, Zhang L, Liao M, Sun Y, Gans S, Syrigos K, Le Marie E, Gottfried M, Vansteenkiste J, Alberola V, Strauss UP, Montegriffo E, Ong TJ, Santoro A and Group NREUSIS (2012) Phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of gemcitabine\/cisplatin alone or with sorafenib for the first-line treatment of advanced, nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 30:3084\u20133092","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1179_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70151-0","volume":"11","author":"L Crino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Crino L, Dansin E, Garrido P, Griesinger F, Laskin J, Pavlakis N, Stroiakovski D, Thatcher N, Tsai CM, Wu YL, Zhou C (2010) Safety and efficacy of first-line bevacizumab-based therapy in advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (SAiL, MO19390): a phase 4 study. Lancet Oncol 11:733\u2013740","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"1179_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.2165\/11636760-000000000-00000","volume":"12","author":"DL Jardim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jardim DL, Gagliato Dde M, Ribeiro KB, Shimada AK, Katz A (2012) Bevacizumab as first-line therapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a brazilian center experience. Drugs R D 12:207\u2013216","journal-title":"Drugs R D"},{"key":"1179_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.59.4424","volume":"33","author":"C Zhou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhou C, Wu YL, Chen G, Liu X, Zhu Y, Lu S, Feng J, He J, Han B, Wang J, Jiang G, Hu C, Zhang H, Cheng G, Song X, Lu Y, Pan H, Zheng W, Yin AY (2015) BEYOND: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Phase III Study of First-Line Carboplatin\/Paclitaxel Plus Bevacizumab or Placebo in Chinese Patients With Advanced or Recurrent Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol 33:2197\u20132204","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1179_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-019-0718-5","volume":"12","author":"S Qin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qin S, Li A, Yi M, Yu S, Zhang M, Wu K (2019) Recent advances on anti-angiogenesis receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 12:27","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"1179_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.3039","volume":"4","author":"B Han","year":"2018","unstructured":"Han B, Li K, Wang Q, Zhang L, Shi J, Wang Z, Cheng Y, He J, Shi Y, Zhao Y, Yu H, Zhao Y, Chen W, Luo Y, Wu L, Wang X, Pirker R, Nan K, Jin F, Dong J, Li B, Sun Y (2018) Effect of Anlotinib as a Third-Line or Further Treatment on Overall Survival of Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The ALTER 0303 Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol 4:1569\u20131575","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"1179_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s40880-019-0383-7","volume":"39","author":"M Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou M, Chen X, Zhang H, Xia L, Tong X, Zou L, Hao R, Pan J, Zhao X, Chen D, Song Y, Qi Y, Tang L, Liu Z, Gao R, Shi Y, Yang Z (2019) China National Medical Products Administration approval summary: anlotinib for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer after two lines of chemotherapy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 39:36","journal-title":"Cancer Commun (Lond)"},{"key":"1179_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-018-0961-z","volume":"78","author":"YY Syed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Syed YY (2018) Correction to: Anlotinib: First Global Approval. Drugs 78:1287","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"1179_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-015-0434-6","volume":"75","author":"R Califano","year":"2015","unstructured":"Califano R, Tariq N, Compton S, Fitzgerald DA, Harwood CA, Lal R, Lester J, McPhelim J, Mulatero C, Subramanian S, Thomas A, Thatcher N, Nicolson M (2015) Expert Consensus on the Management of Adverse Events from EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in the UK. Drugs 75:1335\u20131348","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"1179_CR11","first-page":"7","volume":"19","author":"RK Jain","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jain RK (2005) Antiangiogenic therapy for cancer: current and emerging concepts. Oncology (Williston Park) 19:7\u201316","journal-title":"Oncology (Williston Park)"},{"key":"1179_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2018.02.026","volume":"654","author":"B Lin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lin B, Song X, Yang D, Bai D, Yao Y, Lu N (2018) Anlotinib inhibits angiogenesis via suppressing the activation of VEGFR2, PDGFRbeta and FGFR1. Gene 654:77\u201386","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"1179_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13536","volume":"109","author":"C Xie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xie C, Wan X, Quan H, Zheng M, Fu L, Li Y, Lou L (2018) Preclinical characterization of anlotinib, a highly potent and selective vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibitor. Cancer Sci 109:1207\u20131219","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"1179_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-018-0664-7","volume":"11","author":"G Shen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shen G, Zheng F, Ren D, Du F, Dong Q, Wang Z, Zhao F, Ahmad R, Zhao J (2018) Anlotinib: a novel multi-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitor in clinical development. J Hematol Oncol 11:120","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"}],"container-title":["Investigational New Drugs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10637-021-01179-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10637-021-01179-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10637-021-01179-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,11]],"date-time":"2023-03-11T04:40:48Z","timestamp":1678509648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10637-021-01179-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1179"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10637-021-01179-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-6997","1573-0646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-6997","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-0646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 November 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of West Hospital of China, Sichuan University. All subjects agree to participate.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all the subjects.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Research involving human participants and\/or animals"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there was no competing interest in the study. The authors declare there is no conflict of interests.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}}]}}