{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T08:47:14Z","timestamp":1793004434610,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,24]],"date-time":"2021-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619222400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,24]],"date-time":"2021-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004895","name":"European Social Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POWR.03.05.00-00-A067\/19-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POWR.03.05.00-00-A067\/19-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004895","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This article presents the results of a survey on yet under-researched aspects of remote learning and learning difficulties in higher education during the initial stage (March \u2013 June 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 2182 students from University of Warsaw\u2009in Poland completed a two-part questionnaire regarding academic achievements in the academic year 2019\/2020, living conditions and stress related to learning and pandemic, as well as basic demographic information, and<jats:italic>Dyslexia Diagnosis Questionnaire<\/jats:italic>(DDQ). The analyses were carried out in three sub-groups of students: who self-reported having a formal diagnosis of dyslexia (CDYS), self-reported reading difficulties, but had no formal diagnosis of dyslexia (SIDYS), and who reported no reading difficulties (CON). The results of the survey revealed that compared with the CON group, more students from CDYS and SIDYS groups did not pass at least one exam in the summer semester. CDYS and SIDYS groups experienced higher stress due to epidemiological restrictions, they had more difficulties than CON with the organisation of learning and obtaining credit during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results indicate a need for special consideration of additional support for students experiencing reading difficulties (whether or not they have a formal diagnosis).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10559-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T09:48:45Z","timestamp":1619344125000},"page":"6973-6994","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Remote learning among students with and without reading difficulties during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3624-0693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Zawadka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3837-2291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aneta","family":"Mi\u0119kisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7701-5612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Nowakowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7453-9242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Plewko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8277-0409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Kocha\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1615-711X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Haman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"COVID19-S4","key":"10559_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S57","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2766","volume":"36","author":"S Abbasi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abbasi, S., Ayoob, T., Malik, A., & Memon, S. I. (2020). Perceptions of students regarding e-learning during Covid-19 at a private medical college. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36(COVID19-S4), S57. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2766","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.33902\/JPSP.2020261309","volume":"2","author":"M Adnan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adnan, M., & Anwar, K. (2020). Online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Students\u2019 perspectives. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology, 2(1), 45\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33902\/JPSP.2020261309","journal-title":"Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.351","volume":"14","author":"N Alexander-Passe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alexander-Passe, N. (2008). The sources and manifestations of stress amongst school-aged dyslexics, compared with sibling controls. Dyslexia, 14(4), 291\u2013313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dys.351","journal-title":"Dyslexia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10559_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.5539\/hes.v10n3p16","volume":"10","author":"W Ali","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ali, W. (2020). Online and remote learning in higher education institutes: A necessity in light of COVID-19 pandemic. Higher Education Studies, 10(3), 16\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5539\/hes.v10n3p16","journal-title":"Higher Education Studies"},{"key":"10559_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-020-10219-y","volume":"25","author":"MA Almaiah","year":"2020","unstructured":"Almaiah, M. A., Al-Khasawneh, A., & Althunibat, A. (2020). Exploring the critical challenges and factors influencing the E-learning system usage during COVID-19 pandemic. Education and Information Technologies, 25, 5261\u20135280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-020-10219-y","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"20","key":"10559_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8438","DOI":"10.3390\/su12208438","volume":"12","author":"A Aristovnik","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aristovnik, A., Ker\u017ei\u010d, D., Rav\u0161elj, D., Toma\u017eevi\u010d, N., & Umek, L. (2020). Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on life of higher education students: A global perspective. Sustainability, 12(20), 8438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su12208438","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"7","key":"10559_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24821","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000024821","volume":"100","author":"M B\u0105czek","year":"2021","unstructured":"B\u0105czek, M., Zaga\u0144czyk-B\u0105czek, M., Szpringer, M., Jaroszy\u0144ski, A., & Wo\u017cakowska-Kap\u0142on, B. (2021). Students\u2019 perception of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey study of Polish medical students. Medicine, 100(7), e24821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000024821","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2004.10.006","volume":"47","author":"NA Beacham","year":"2006","unstructured":"Beacham, N. A., & Alty, J. L. (2006). An investigation into the effects that digital media can have on the learning outcomes of individuals who have dyslexia. Computers and Education, 47(1), 74\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2004.10.006","journal-title":"Computers and Education"},{"issue":"9","key":"10559_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1007\/s11145-013-9428-5","volume":"26","author":"H Beidas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Beidas, H., Khateb, A., & Breznitz, Z. (2013). The cognitive profile of adult dyslexics and its relation to their reading abilities. Reading and Writing, 26(9), 1487\u20131515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11145-013-9428-5","journal-title":"Reading and Writing"},{"key":"10559_CR10","unstructured":"Bogdanowicz, M. (2012). Diagnoza dysleksji w wieku doros\u0142ym [Diagnosis of dyslexia in adulthood]. In M. Bogdanowicz (Ed.), Dysleksja w wieku doros\u0142ym [Dyslexia in the adulthood]\u00a0(pp. 99\u2013119). Harmonia Universalis."},{"key":"10559_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01158","volume":"11","author":"A Cancer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cancer, A., Bonacina, S., Antonietti, A., Salandi, A., Molteni, M., & Lorusso, M. L. (2020). The effectiveness of interventions for developmental dyslexia: Rhythmic reading training compared with hemisphere-specific stimulation and action video games. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01158","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1080\/02619768.2020.1821184","volume":"43","author":"C Carrillo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carrillo, C., & Flores, M. A. (2020). COVID-19 and teacher education: A literature review of online teaching and learning practices. European Journal of Teacher Education, 43(4), 466\u2013487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02619768.2020.1821184","journal-title":"European Journal of Teacher Education"},{"key":"10559_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1348\/000709905X66233","volume":"76","author":"JM Carroll","year":"2006","unstructured":"Carroll, J. M., & Iles, J. E. (2006). An assessment of anxiety levels in dyslexic students in higher education. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 76, 651\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1348\/000709905X66233","journal-title":"British Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"key":"10559_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611818","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.611818","volume":"11","author":"S Cataudella","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cataudella, S., Carta, S., Mascia, M. L., Masala, C., Petretto, D. R., & Penna, M. P. (2021). Psychological aspects of students with learning disabilities in e-environments: A mini review and future research directions. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 611818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.611818","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10559_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chigeza, P., & Halbert, K. (2014). Navigating e-learning and blended learning for pre-service teachers: Redesigning for engagement, access and efficiency. Australian Journal of\u00a0Teacher Education, 39(11), 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14221\/ajte.2014v39n11.8","DOI":"10.14221\/ajte.2014v39n11.8"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.3390\/su13041889","volume":"13","author":"K Cicha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cicha, K., Rizun, M., Rutecka, P., & Strzelecki, A. (2021). COVID-19 and higher education: first-year students\u2019 expectations toward distance learning. Sustainability, 13(4), 1889. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su13041889","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10559_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Crawford, J., Butler-Henderson, K., Rudolph, J., Malkawi, B., Glowatz, M., Burton, R., ... & Lam, S. (2020). COVID-19: 20 countries' higher education intra-period digital pedagogy responses. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 3(1), 1\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37074\/jalt.2020.3.1.7","DOI":"10.37074\/jalt.2020.3.1.7"},{"key":"10559_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s11218-021-09612-3","volume":"24","author":"LM Daniels","year":"2021","unstructured":"Daniels, L. M., Goegan, L. D., & Parker, P. C. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 triggered changes to instruction and assessment on university students\u2019 self-reported motivation, engagement and perceptions. Social Psychology of Education, 24, 299\u2013318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11218-021-09612-3","journal-title":"Social Psychology of Education"},{"key":"10559_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Debowska, A., Horeczy, B., Boduszek, D., & Dolinski, D. (2020). A repeated cross-sectional survey assessing university students\u2019 stress, depression, anxiety, and suicidality in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Psychological Medicine, 1\u20134.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S003329172000392X","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329172000392X"},{"issue":"3","key":"10559_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202018","DOI":"10.29333\/ojcmt\/8286","volume":"10","author":"J Demuyakor","year":"2020","unstructured":"Demuyakor, J. (2020). Coronavirus (COVID-19) and online learning in higher institutions of education: A survey of the perceptions of Ghanaian international students in China. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 10(3), e202018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29333\/ojcmt\/8286","journal-title":"Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies"},{"key":"10559_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 175\u2013191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BF03193146","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10559_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","volume":"41","author":"F Faul","year":"2009","unstructured":"Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41, 1149\u20131160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"10559_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1992.75.2.507","volume":"75","author":"AJ Fawcett","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fawcett, A. J., & Nicolson, R. I. (1992). Automatisation deficits in balance for dyslexic children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 75(2), 507\u2013529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2466\/pms.1992.75.2.507","journal-title":"Perceptual and Motor Skills"},{"key":"10559_CR24","first-page":"11","volume-title":"The SAGE handbook of dyslexia","author":"AJ Fawcett","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fawcett, A. J., & Nicolson, R. I. (2008). Dyslexia and the cerebellum. In G. Reid, A. Fawcett, F. Manis, & L. Siegel (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of dyslexia. (pp. 11\u201329). Sage."},{"issue":"5","key":"10559_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.07.045","volume":"167","author":"E Ferrer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ferrer, E., Shaywitz, B. A., Holahan, J. M., Marchione, K. E., Michaels, R., & Shaywitz, S. E. (2015). Achievement gap in reading is present as early as first grade and persists through adolescence. The Journal of Pediatrics, 167(5), 1121\u20131125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.07.045","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10559_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2739","DOI":"10.3390\/su13052739","volume":"13","author":"D Forteza-Forteza","year":"2021","unstructured":"Forteza-Forteza, D., Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00edn, A., \u00c1lvarez-Arregui, E., & Men\u00e9ndez \u00c1lvarez-Hevia, D. (2021). Inclusion, dyslexia, emotional state and learning: Perceptions of Ibero-American children with dyslexia and their parents during the COVID-19 lockdown. Sustainability, 13(5), 2739. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su13052739","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"2","key":"10559_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e89900","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089900","volume":"9","author":"K Galuschka","year":"2014","unstructured":"Galuschka, K., Ise, E., Krick, K., & Schulte-K\u00f6rne, G. (2014). Effectiveness of treatment approaches for children and adolescents with reading disabilities: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS ONE, 9(2), e89900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0089900","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00461520.2019.1659794","volume":"55","author":"K Galuschka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Galuschka, K., G\u00f6rgen, R., Kalmar, J., Haberstroh, S., Schmalz, X., & Schulte-K\u00f6rne, G. (2020). Effectiveness of spelling interventions for learners with dyslexia: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Educational Psychologist, 55(1), 1\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00461520.2019.1659794","journal-title":"Educational Psychologist"},{"key":"10559_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gambin, M., S\u0119kowski, M., Wo\u017aniak-Prus, M., Wnuk, A., Oleksy, T., Cudo, A., ... & Maison, D. (2021). Generalized anxiety and depressive symptoms in various age groups during the COVID-19 lockdown in Poland. Specific predictors and differences in symptoms severity. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 105, 152222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.comppsych.2020.152222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2020.152222"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1177\/074193250002100405","volume":"21","author":"J Hellendoorn","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hellendoorn, J., & Ruijssenaars, W. (2000). Personal experiences and adjustment of Dutch adults with dyslexia. Remedial and Special Education, 21(4), 227\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/074193250002100405","journal-title":"Remedial and Special Education"},{"key":"10559_CR31","first-page":"1","volume":"27","author":"C Hodges","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hodges, C., Moore, S., Lockee, B., Trust, T., & Bond, A. (2020). The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. Educause Review, 27, 1\u201312","journal-title":"Educause Review"},{"key":"10559_CR32","unstructured":"International Dyslexia Association (2002). Definition of dyslexia. Retrieved from: https:\/\/dyslexiaida.org\/definition-of-dyslexia\/. Accessed 29 Jan 2021."},{"issue":"3","key":"10559_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.278","volume":"10","author":"S Jeffries","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jeffries, S., & Everatt, J. (2004). Working memory: Its role in dyslexia and other specific learning difficulties. Dyslexia, 10(3), 196\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dys.278","journal-title":"Dyslexia"},{"key":"10559_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2013.09.248","volume":"93","author":"M Kaur","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kaur, M. (2013). Blended learning-its challenges and future. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 612\u2013617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sbspro.2013.09.248","journal-title":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences"},{"key":"10559_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/nav.3800020109","volume":"2","author":"HW Kuhn","year":"1955","unstructured":"Kuhn, H. W. (1955). The Hungarian Method for the assignment problem. Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, 2, 83\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nav.3800020109","journal-title":"Naval Research Logistics Quarterly"},{"issue":"9","key":"10559_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949202500910","volume":"25","author":"O Lamm","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lamm, O., & Epstein, R. (1992). Specific reading impairments \u2013 are they to be associated with emotional difficulties? Journal of Learning Disabilities, 25(9), 605\u2013615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/002221949202500910","journal-title":"Journal of Learning Disabilities"},{"issue":"5","key":"10559_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci8050082","volume":"8","author":"C L\u00f3pez-Escribano","year":"2018","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Escribano, C., Suro S\u00e1nchez, J., & Leal Carretero, F. (2018). Prevalence of developmental dyslexia in Spanish University Students. Brain Sciences, 8(5), 82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci8050082","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.1544","volume":"23","author":"L MacCullagh","year":"2017","unstructured":"MacCullagh, L., Bosanquet, A., & Badcock, N. A. (2017). University students with dyslexia: A qualitative exploratory study of learning practices, challenges and strategies. Dyslexia, 23(1), 3\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dys.1544","journal-title":"Dyslexia"},{"key":"10559_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.31261\/IJREL.2019.5.1.03","volume":"5","author":"I Male\u0144czyk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Male\u0144czyk, I., & G\u0142adysz, B. (2019). Academic E-learning in Poland. Results of a diagnostic survey. International Journal of Research in E-learning, 5, 35\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31261\/IJREL.2019.5.1.03","journal-title":"International Journal of Research in E-learning"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1080\/03054985.2020.1770064","volume":"46","author":"B Maughan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maughan, B., Rutter, M., & Yule, W. (2020). The Isle of Wight studies: the scope and scale of reading difficulties. Oxford Review of Education, 46(4), 429\u2013438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03054985.2020.1770064","journal-title":"Oxford Review of Education"},{"key":"10559_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.08.024","volume":"33","author":"D Menghini","year":"2006","unstructured":"Menghini, D., Hagberg, G. E., Caltagirone, C., Petrosini, L., & Vicari, S. (2006). Implicit learning deficits in dyslexic adults: An fMRI study. NeuroImage, 33, 1218\u20131226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.08.024","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"7","key":"10559_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e103537","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103537","volume":"9","author":"K Moll","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moll, K., Kunze, S., Neuhoff, N., Bruder, J., & Schulte-K\u00f6rne, G. (2014). Specific learning disorder: Prevalence and gender differences. PLoS ONE, 9(7), e103537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0103537","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-020-00195-w","volume":"70","author":"SMP Moojen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moojen, S. M. P., Gon\u00e7alves, H. A., Bass\u00f4a, A., Navas, A. L., de Jou, G., & Miguel, E. S. (2020). Adults with dyslexia: how can they achieve academic success despite impairments in basic reading and writing abilities? The role of text structure sensitivity as a compensatory skill. Annals of Dyslexia, 70(1), 115\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11881-020-00195-w","journal-title":"Annals of Dyslexia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10559_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2010.10.001","volume":"14","author":"JL Moore","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moore, J. L., Dickson-Deane, C., & Galyen, K. (2011). e-Learning, online learning, and distance learning environments: Are they the same? The Internet and Higher Education, 14(2), 129\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iheduc.2010.10.001","journal-title":"The Internet and Higher Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"10559_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/03075070600572173","volume":"31","author":"T Mortimore","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mortimore, T., & Crozier, W. R. (2006). Dyslexia and difficulties with study skills in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 31(2), 235\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03075070600572173","journal-title":"Studies in Higher Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1177\/0022219413507604","volume":"48","author":"JM Nelson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nelson, J. M., Lindstrom, W., & Foels, P. A. (2015). Test anxiety among college students with specific reading disability (dyslexia) nonverbal ability and working memory as predictors. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 48(4), 422\u2013432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022219413507604","journal-title":"Journal of Learning Disabilities"},{"issue":"3","key":"10559_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.5114\/cipp.2020.97289","volume":"8","author":"I Nowakowska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nowakowska, I. (2020). Lonely and thinking about the past: the role of time perspectives, big five traits and perceived social support in loneliness of young adults during COVID-19 social distancing. Current Issues in Personality Psychology, 8(3), 175\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/cipp.2020.97289","journal-title":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology"},{"key":"10559_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Orlov, G., McKee, D., Berry, J., Boyle, A., DiCiccio, T., Ransom, T., ... & Stoye, J. (2021). Learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: it is not who you teach, but how you teach. Economics Letters, 202, 109812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.econlet.2021.109812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econlet.2021.109812"},{"issue":"3","key":"10559_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-017-9652-8","volume":"23","author":"L Pang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pang, L., & Jen, C. C. (2018). Inclusive dyslexia-friendly collaborative online learning environment: Malaysia case study. Education and Information Technologies, 23(3), 1023\u20131042. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-017-9652-8","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"10559_CR50","first-page":"80","volume":"75","author":"J Pape-Neumann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pape-Neumann, J., van Ermingen-Marbach, M., Grande, M., Willmes, K., & Heim, S. (2015). The role of phonological awareness in treatments of dyslexic primary school children. ActaNeurobiologiaeExperimentalis, 75, 80\u2013106","journal-title":"ActaNeurobiologiaeExperimentalis"},{"key":"10559_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2017.06.005","volume":"114","author":"B Perelmutter","year":"2017","unstructured":"Perelmutter, B., McGregor, K. K., & Gordon, K. R. (2017). Assistive technology interventions for adolescents and adults with learning disabilities: An evidence-based systematic review and meta-analysis. Computers & Education, 114, 139\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2017.06.005","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"7","key":"10559_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1080\/07294360.2020.1823945","volume":"39","author":"HH Pham","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pham, H. H., & Ho, T. T. H. (2020). Toward a \u2018new normal\u2019 with e-learning in Vietnamese higher education during the post COVID-19 pandemic. Higher Education Research & Development, 39(7), 1327\u20131331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07294360.2020.1823945","journal-title":"Higher Education Research & Development"},{"key":"10559_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pinkas, J., Jankowski, M., Szumowski, \u0141., Lusawa, A., Zgliczy\u0144ski, W. S., Raciborski, F., \u2026 & Gujski, M. (2020). Public health interventions to mitigate early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Poland. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 26, e924730\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/MSM.924730.","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.924730"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.1484","volume":"20","author":"M Pino","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pino, M., & Mortari, L. (2014). The inclusion of students with dyslexia in higher education: A systematic review using narrative synthesis. Dyslexia, 20(4), 346\u2013369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dys.1484","journal-title":"Dyslexia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24277","DOI":"10.3402\/edui.v6.24277","volume":"6","author":"R Pirttimaa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pirttimaa, R., Takala, M., & Ladonlahti, T. (2015). Students in higher education with reading and writing difficulties. Education Inquiry, 6(1), 24277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/edui.v6.24277","journal-title":"Education Inquiry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.2478\/slgr-2013-0037","volume":"35","author":"W P\u00f3\u0142janowicz","year":"2013","unstructured":"P\u00f3\u0142janowicz, W., Mrugacz, G., Szumi\u0144ski, M., Latosiewicz, R., Bakunowicz-\u0141azarczyk, A., Bryl, A., & Mrugacz, M. (2013). Assessment of the effectiveness of medical education on the Moodle e-learning platform. Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric, 35(1), 203\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/slgr-2013-0037","journal-title":"Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR57","first-page":"3","volume":"16","author":"RL Quick","year":"2013","unstructured":"Quick, R. L. (2013). Exploring faculty perceptions toward working with academically vulnerable college students. College Quarterly, 16(4), 3\u20133","journal-title":"College Quarterly"},{"key":"10559_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394259274","volume-title":"Dyslexia: A practitioner's handbook","author":"G Reid","year":"2016","unstructured":"Reid, G. (2016). Dyslexia: A practitioner\u2019s handbook. Wiley."},{"issue":"3","key":"10559_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-020-00205-x","volume":"70","author":"A Reis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reis, A., Ara\u00fajo, S., Morais, I. S., & Fa\u00edsca, L. (2020). Reading and reading-related skills in adults with dyslexia from different orthographic systems: a review and meta-analysis. Annals of Dyslexia, 70(3), 339\u2013368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11881-020-00205-x","journal-title":"Annals of Dyslexia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0909(199912)5:4<227::AID-DYS146>3.0.CO;2-6","volume":"5","author":"B Riddick","year":"1999","unstructured":"Riddick, B., Sterling, C., Farmer, M., & Morgan, S. (1999). Self-esteem and anxiety in the educational histories of adult dyslexic students. Dyslexia, 5(4), 227\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0909(199912)5:4%3c227::AID-DYS146%3e3.0.CO;2-6","journal-title":"Dyslexia"},{"key":"10559_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S266511","volume":"13","author":"AM Rogowska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rogowska, A. M., Ku\u015bnierz, C., & Bokszczanin, A. (2020). Examining anxiety, life satisfaction, general health, stress and coping styles during COVID-19 pandemic in Polish sample of university students. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 13, 797\u2013811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/PRBM.S266511","journal-title":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10559_CR62","first-page":"237","volume":"73","author":"J Rosak-Szyrocka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rosak-Szyrocka, J., & Wojciechowski, P. (2015). E-learning as an effective educational space in Poland: the benefits and disadvantages of studying using Moodle. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, 73(2), 237\u2013246","journal-title":"Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering"},{"issue":"3","key":"10559_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01269.x","volume":"16","author":"M Rutter","year":"1975","unstructured":"Rutter, M., & Yule, W. (1975). The concept of specific reading retardation. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 16(3), 181\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01269.x","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.46328\/ijtes.v4i4.148","volume":"4","author":"D Serhan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Serhan, D. (2020). Transitioning from face-to-face to remote learning: Students\u2019 attitudes and perceptions of using zoom during COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science, 4(4), 335\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46328\/ijtes.v4i4.148","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology in Education and Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10559_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.6.1351","volume":"104","author":"SE Shaywitz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Shaywitz, S. E., Fletcher, J. M., Holahan, J. M., Shneider, A. E., Marchione, K. E., Stuebing, K. K., Francis, D. J., Pugh, K. R., & Shaywitz, B. A. (1999). Persistence of dyslexia: The Connecticut longitudinal study at adolescence. Pediatrics, 104(6), 1351\u20131359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.104.6.1351","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10559_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061657","volume":"12","author":"A Sidor","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sidor, A., & Rzymski, P. (2020). Dietary choices and habits during COVID-19 lockdown: Experience from Poland. Nutrients, 12(6), 1657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12061657","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10559_CR67","unstructured":"Smythe, I., & Everatt, J. (2001). Adult Checklist. Available at: https:\/\/cdn.bdadyslexia.org.uk\/documents\/Dyslexia\/Adult-Checklist-1.pdf?mtime=20190410221643&focal=none. Retrieved: 26.01.2021."},{"issue":"6","key":"10559_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610,2006.01725.x","volume":"48","author":"M Snowling","year":"2007","unstructured":"Snowling, M., Muter, V., & Carroll, J. (2007). Children at family risk of dyslexia: A follow-up in early adolescence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48(6), 609\u2013618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7610,2006.01725.x","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.1432","volume":"18","author":"M Snowling","year":"2012","unstructured":"Snowling, M., Dawes, P., Nash, H., & Hulme, C. (2012). Validity of a protocol for adult self-report of dyslexia and related difficulties. Dyslexia, 18(1), 1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dys.1432","journal-title":"Dyslexia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10559_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1080\/03054985.2020.1765756","volume":"46","author":"MJ Snowling","year":"2020","unstructured":"Snowling, M. J., Hulme, C., & Nation, K. (2020). Defining and understanding dyslexia: past, present and future. Oxford Review of Education, 46(4), 501\u2013513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03054985.2020.1765756","journal-title":"Oxford Review of Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"10559_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-012-0407-1","volume":"12","author":"CJ Stoodley","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stoodley, C. J., & Stein, J. F. (2013). Cerebellar function in developmental dyslexia. The Cerebellum, 12(2), 267\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12311-012-0407-1","journal-title":"The Cerebellum"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-015-0101-3","volume":"65","author":"P Su\u00e1rez-Coalla","year":"2015","unstructured":"Su\u00e1rez-Coalla, P., & Cuetos, F. (2015). Reading difficulties in Spanish adults with dyslexia. Annals of Dyslexia, 65(1), 33\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11881-015-0101-3","journal-title":"Annals of Dyslexia"},{"key":"10559_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suchanska, M., & Keczkowska, J. (2007). Some aspects of employing the Moodle platform as a tool for enhancing the teaching and learning process. In EUROCON 2007-The International Conference on\" Computer as a Tool\" (pp. 2465\u20132467).","DOI":"10.1109\/EURCON.2007.4400537"},{"key":"10559_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Szadziewska, A., & Kujawski, J. (2017). Advantages and disadvantages of the blended-learning method used in the educational process at the faculty of management at the University of Gdansk, in the opinion of undergraduate students. ICERI Proceedings (pp. 3938\u20133946).\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21125\/iceri.2017.1051","DOI":"10.21125\/iceri.2017.1051"},{"key":"10559_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Szczepa\u0144ska, A., & Pietrzyka, K. (2021). The COVID-19 epidemic in Poland and its influence on the quality of life of university students (young adults) in the context of restricted access to public spaces. Journal of Public Health, 1\u201311.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10389-020-01456-z","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-020-01456-z"},{"issue":"19","key":"10559_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7015","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17197015","volume":"17","author":"M Talarowska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Talarowska, M., Chodkiewicz, J., Nawrocka, N., Miniszewska, J., & Bili\u0144ski, P. (2020). Mental health and the SARS-COV-2 Epidemic \u2013 Polish research study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17197015","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"10559_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2017.09.010","volume":"71","author":"P Tamboer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tamboer, P., Vorst, H. C. M., & de Jong, P. F. (2017). Six factors of adult dyslexia assessed by cognitive tests and self-report questions: Very high predictive validity. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 71, 143\u2013168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2017.09.010","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1108\/00400910710729857","volume":"49","author":"M Taylor","year":"2007","unstructured":"Taylor, M., Duffy, S., & Hughes, G. (2007). The use of animation in higher education teaching to support students with dyslexia. Education + Training, 49(1), 25\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/00400910710729857","journal-title":"Education + Training"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1177\/1558689806292430","volume":"1","author":"C Teddlie","year":"2007","unstructured":"Teddlie, C., & Yu, F. (2007). Mixed methods sampling: A typology with examples. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 77\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1558689806292430","journal-title":"Journal of Mixed Methods Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"10559_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s11145-012-9387-2","volume":"26","author":"W Tops","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tops, W., Callens, C., Van Cauwenberghe, E., Adriaens, J., & Brysbaert, M. (2013). Beyond spelling: the writing skills of students with dyslexia in higher education. Reading and Writing, 26(5), 705\u2013720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11145-012-9387-2","journal-title":"Reading and Writing"},{"key":"10559_CR81","first-page":"21","volume":"48","author":"MA Vinegrad","year":"1994","unstructured":"Vinegrad, M. A. (1994). Revised adult dyslexia checklist. Educare, 48, 21\u201323","journal-title":"Educare"},{"issue":"6","key":"10559_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2884","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18062884","volume":"18","author":"T Wieczorek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wieczorek, T., Ko\u0142odziejczyk, A., Ciu\u0142kowicz, M., Maciaszek, J., Misiak, B., Rymaszewska, J., & Szcze\u015bniak, D. (2021). Class of 2020 in Poland: Students\u2019 Mental Health during the COVID-19 Outbreak in an Academic Setting. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 2884. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18062884","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10559_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2006.08.010","volume":"50","author":"BP Woodfine","year":"2008","unstructured":"Woodfine, B. P., Nunes, M. B., & Wright, D. J. (2008). Text-based synchronous e-learning and dyslexia: Not necessarily the perfect match! Computers and Education, 50(3), 703\u2013717. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2006.08.010","journal-title":"Computers and Education"},{"key":"10559_CR84","volume-title":"The Open University of the United Kingdom. Implementation of higher education reforms","author":"A Woodley","year":"1981","unstructured":"Woodley, A. (1981). The Open University of the United Kingdom. Implementation of higher education reforms. Institute of Education, European Cultural Foundation."},{"key":"10559_CR85","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2015). International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10). Retrieved from: https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse10\/2019\/en. Accessed 31 Mar 2021."},{"key":"10559_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110199","volume":"166","author":"M Zajenkowski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zajenkowski, M., Jonason, P. K., Leniarska, M., & Kozakiewicz, Z. (2020). Who complies with the restrictions to reduce the spread of COVID-19?: Personality and perceptions of the COVID-19 situation. Personality and Individual Differences, 166, 110199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110199","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10559_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.46451\/ijclt.2020.06.05","volume":"1","author":"LX Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao, L. X., Blankinship, B., Duan, Z., Huang, H., Sun, J., & Bak, T. H. (2020). Comparing face-to-face and online teaching of written and spoken Chinese to adult learners: An Edinburgh-Sheffield case study. International Journal of Chinese Language Teaching, 1(1), 83\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46451\/ijclt.2020.06.05","journal-title":"International Journal of Chinese Language Teaching"},{"key":"10559_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1007\/s11423-020-09747-8","volume":"68","author":"M Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu, M., Bonk, C. J., & Doo, M. Y. (2020). Self-directed learning in MOOCs: Exploring the relationships among motivation, self-monitoring, and self-management. Educational Technology Research and Development, 68, 2073\u20132093. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11423-020-09747-8","journal-title":"Educational Technology Research and Development"}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10559-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10559-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10559-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T10:14:04Z","timestamp":1724926444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10559-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,24]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10559"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10559-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2357","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 January 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 April 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 April 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study materials and design have been approved by the University of Warsaw research ethics committee. The survey was conducted following the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki with later amendments. All participants provided informed consent and were informed about the possibility of quitting the survey anytime without consequences.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All participants provided informed consent prior to the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"All participants were informed and consented prior to the study to the possibility of publication of the analysis of results. The submission complies to the regulations of publishing research at the places of affiliation of the authors and at the University of Warsaw.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"At the time of study conduction, JZ, AM, IN, JP, were the employees of the grant at the University of Warsaw mentioned in the Funding section at the time of study conduction and submission of this version of the manuscript. EH was an employee of this grant at the time of study conduction. MK was an employee of this grant at the time of submission of this version of the manuscript.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest\/Competing interests"}}]}}