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Using the Up-And-Down method for determining acute oral toxicity in mammals (OECD) median lethal dose estimates of 990\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (95% confidence interval (CI)\u2009=\u2009580.7\u20134770.0\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and 270.4\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (95% CI\u2009=\u20090.0\u2013&gt;20,000.0\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) were resolved for male and female <jats:italic>S. macroura<\/jats:italic>, respectively. The difference between median lethal dose estimates for males and females may have been influenced by the older ages of two female dunnarts. Consequently, further modelling of female responses to fipronil doses used the following assumptions: (a) death at 2000\u2009mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, (b) survival at 500\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and (c) a differential response (both survival and death) at 990\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. This modelling revealed median lethal dose estimates for female <jats:italic>S. macroura<\/jats:italic> of 669.1\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (95% CI\u2009=\u2009550\u2013990\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>; assuming death at 990\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and 990\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (95% CI\u2009=\u2009544.7\u20131470\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>; assuming survival at 990\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). These median lethal dose estimates are 3\u201310-fold higher than available LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values of 94\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> for a similarly sized eutherian mammal, <jats:italic>Mus musculus<\/jats:italic> (L. 1758) and 97\u2009mg\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> for <jats:italic>Rattus norvegicus<\/jats:italic> (Birkenhout 1769). Implications for pesticide risk assessments in Australia are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10646-022-02549-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T13:04:39Z","timestamp":1651755879000},"page":"822-835","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sensitivity of the stripe-faced dunnart, Sminthopsis macroura (Gould 1845), to the insecticide, fipronil; implications for pesticide risk assessments in Australia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1959-9001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul G.","family":"Story","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyn A.","family":"Hinds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Warden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Dojchinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2549_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-2194(97)00028-8","volume":"16","author":"G Balanca","year":"1997","unstructured":"Balanca G, de Visscher M-N (1997) Effects of very low doses of fipronil on grasshoppers and non-target insects following field trials for grasshopper control. 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