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This study, the first of its kind in the UK, aimed to investigate the association between a nationwide indicative radon atlas and lung cancer risk in Northern Ireland, a region in which lung cancer screening programmes are under design. A population-based case\u2013control study was conducted. Primary lung cancer cases (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091,687) from the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry diagnosed in 2006 and 2014 were compared with 8,094 non-lung cancer controls from a large cohort. Radon exposure data were extracted from the Indicative Atlas of Radon, which categorises 1 km\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    areas by the percentage of households exceeding 200\u00a0Bq\/m\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Exposure data were linked to participants by postcode. Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, deprivation and PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    exposure were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for lung cancer. Individuals residing in high radon exposure areas (Atlas Class 6) had a greater than two-fold lung cancer risk (adjusted OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.25, 3.92) compared to residents in all other areas. This association was revealed after adjusting for PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    . This study supports the utility of an indicative radon atlas in reflecting underlying population lung cancer risk associated with radon, while highlighting constraints inherent to atlas-based exposure classification and secondary data.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-026-03153-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T11:57:07Z","timestamp":1775822227000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lung cancer risk in relation to indicative radon atlas metrics in Northern Ireland: a population-based case\u2013control study using secondary data"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Claire M.","family":"Delargy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen G.","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quentin G.","family":"Crowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Elio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deirdre","family":"Fitzpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara M.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rawan A. 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