{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T08:04:27Z","timestamp":1784621067870,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031830","name":"Instituci\u00f3n Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[FAI145][FAI168]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[FAI145][FAI168]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031830","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University Institution Greater College of Antioquia"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Geochem Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In El Bagre, Nech\u00ed, Zaragoza, and three other municipalities that comprise the Bajo Cauca region of Antioquia, an estimated total of 28.000\u00a0ha have been affected by illegal gold mining, where environmental liabilities such as mine tailings are distributed throughout the area. Urban areas, especially the main urban centers, may be exposed to environmental contaminants and their associated adverse effects.\u00a0Studies that contribute to the characterization and prioritization of environmental liabilities are necessary to improve environmental management and public policies. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of As, Cd, Cr, and Pb associated with mine tailings in El Bagre, Nech\u00ed, and Zaragoza and to implement a methodology for their characterization and prioritization through the calculation of risk index (RI) values. The RI considered both the concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and the proximity of mine tailings to sensitive receptors, including urban areas and environmental features such as surface water bodies. Spatial distribution maps of PTE concentrations and RI values were subsequently developed to identify priority\u00a0environmental liabilities for management.\u00a0One of the main results of the study is the identification of five mining tailings as prioritized environmental liabilities for environmental management, which was unknown prior to the completion of this study. No environmental liabilities classified as high risk were identified in any of the three municipalities. In El Bagre, 9\/11 environmental liabilities were classified as low risk, while 2\/11 were classified as medium risk. In Zaragoza, 4\/7 environmental liabilities were classified as low risk and 3\/7 as medium risk. In Nech\u00ed, 6\/6 environmental liabilities were classified as low risk. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to apply a methodology for the classification and prioritization of mining tailings in the study area. Another important result was the spatial mapping of the distribution of PTEs across the three municipalities, as this outcome allows the spatial identification of PTE concentrations and serves as an input for environmental planning of the territories. In conclusion, the results provide scientific evidence that will contribute to the development of a methodology for the categorization and prioritization of environmental liabilities associated with gold mining, serving as a resource for environmental authorities and guiding decision-making based on scientific and technical evidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-026-03322-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T07:31:33Z","timestamp":1783668693000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of potentially toxic elements in mine tailings and their categorization and prioritization as environmental liabilities in gold mining areas of Antioquia, Colombia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Collazo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esteban","family":"V\u00e9lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan D.","family":"Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan F.","family":"Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan F.","family":"Saldarriaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7845-7444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juli\u00e1n E.","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"3322_CR1","unstructured":"Agencia Nacional de Miner\u00eda & UPME. (2025). Bolet\u00edn estad\u00edstico informativo miner\u00eda en cifras datos econ\u00f3micos, precios, contexto y normatividad."},{"key":"3322_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126733","volume":"254","author":"DM Agudelo-Echavarr\u00eda","year":"2020","unstructured":"Agudelo-Echavarr\u00eda, D. M., Olid, C., Molina-P\u00e9rez, F., Vallejo-Toro, P. P., & Garcia-Orellana, J. (2020). Historical reconstruction of Small-scale gold mining activities in tropical wetland sediments in Bajo Cauca-Antioquia. Colombia. Chemosphere, 254, 126733. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126733","journal-title":"Colombia. Chemosphere"},{"key":"3322_CR3","unstructured":"Alcald\u00eda Municipal de El Bagre. (2023). Plan de Desarrollo Municipal 2024\u20132027: Educaci\u00f3n, trabajo y progreso. La misi\u00f3n que nos une."},{"key":"3322_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22380\/20274688.2472","author":"Alcald\u00eda Municipal de Nech\u00ed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alcald\u00eda Municipal de Nech\u00ed. (2023). El levantamiento de la di\u00e1spora africana en las minas de oro de Antioquia y la creaci\u00f3n del palenque del Nech\u00ed (1580-1648). Fronteras De La Historia. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22380\/20274688.2472","journal-title":"Fronteras De La Historia"},{"key":"3322_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25009\/is.v0i11.2685","author":"Alcald\u00eda Municipal de Zaragoza","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alcald\u00eda Municipal de Zaragoza. (2023). El Plan de Desarrollo Municipal de Bucaramanga 2020-2023 bajo la sombrilla de las nuevas fuerzas del desarrollo. Interconectando Saberes. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25009\/is.v0i11.2685","journal-title":"Interconectando Saberes"},{"key":"3322_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2013.12.009","volume":"186","author":"DL Alonso","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alonso, D. L., Latorre, S., Castillo, E., & Brand\u00e3o, P. F. B. (2014). Environmental occurrence of arsenic in Colombia: a review. Environmental Pollution, 186, 272\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2013.12.009","journal-title":"Environmental Pollution"},{"key":"3322_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180368","volume":"1000","author":"M Azizi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Azizi, M., Carmona, D. M., Faz, A., Mart\u00ednez-Mart\u00ednez, S., & Acosta, J. A. (2025). Environmental assessment of potential toxic elements in the mining district of Mazarr\u00f3n (SE, Spain). Science of the Total Environment, 1000, 180368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180368","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"issue":"16","key":"3322_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9345","DOI":"10.3390\/su13169345","volume":"13","author":"\u00d3JR Baena","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baena, \u00d3. J. R., & Mendoza, L. E. M. (2021). Sustainability of the artisanal and small-scale gold mining in Northeast Antioquia-Colombia. Sustainability, 13(16), 9345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su13169345","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"3322_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.163228","volume":"880","author":"S Banerjee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Banerjee, S., Ghosh, S., Jha, S., Kumar, S., Mondal, G., Sarkar, D., Datta, R., Mukherjee, A., & Bhattacharyya, P. (2023). Assessing pollution and health risks from chromite mine tailings contaminated soils in India by employing synergistic statistical approaches. Science of the Total Environment, 880, 163228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.163228","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"3322_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-96-1725-8","author":"SRDS Barros","year":"2025","unstructured":"Barros, S. R. D. S., & Fran\u00e7a, S. L. B. (2025). Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risks arising from contingent. Critical Factors Associated with Environmental, Social and Governance Management in Organizations. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-96-1725-8","journal-title":"Critical Factors Associated with Environmental, Social and Governance Management in Organizations"},{"key":"3322_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resourpol.2026.105915","volume":"116","author":"L Berrio-Giraldo","year":"2026","unstructured":"Berrio-Giraldo, L., Ospino Ricardo, S. A., Valencia, V., Congote, D., Olaya, Y., Villegas-Palacio, C., Correa-Florez, C. A., Araque-Mendoza, O. T., & Arango-Aramburo, S. (2026). From country-level to district-level mining planning analysis: a system dynamics approach with territorial focus. Resources Policy, 116, 105915. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resourpol.2026.105915","journal-title":"Resources Policy"},{"key":"3322_CR14","unstructured":"CEPAL. (2000). Estado de los pasivos ambientales y mineros y la reglamentaci\u00f3n en Colombia."},{"issue":"1","key":"3322_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9847","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54220-2","volume":"15","author":"L Cortinhas Ferreira Neto","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cortinhas Ferreira Neto, L., Diniz, C. G., Maretto, R. V., Persello, C., Silva Pinheiro, M. L., Castro, M. C., Sadeck, L. W. R., Filho, A. F., Cansado, J., Souza, AAdeA., Feitosa, J. P., Santos, D. C., Adami, M., Souza-Filho, P. W. M., Stein, A., Biehl, A., & Klautau, A. (2024). Uncontrolled illegal mining and garimpo in the Brazilian amazon. Nature Communications, 15(1), 9847. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-024-54220-2","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"3322_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31406\/relap2022.v16.e202114","author":"DANE","year":"2018","unstructured":"DANE. (2018). Proyecciones de poblaci\u00f3n de \u00e1reas menores: El caso de las proyecciones comunales en Chile para 2002-2035. Revista Latinoamericana De Poblaci\u00f3n. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31406\/relap2022.v16.e202114","journal-title":"Revista Latinoamericana De Poblaci\u00f3n"},{"issue":"7","key":"3322_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-025-14209-w","volume":"197","author":"DG Elera-Gonzales","year":"2025","unstructured":"Elera-Gonzales, D. G., da Silva, C. L., de Moura Melo, L., Nogueira, S. S., de Sousa, R. R., de Sousa Alves, M. D., Nonato, E. R. L., de Sousa, M. B., Dos Santos Souza, C., Silva, M. J. N., Cortez, L. E. B., & Silva, E. A. (2025). Deforestation driven by illegal and informal gold mining in the southern Peruvian Amazon: a predictive land use analysis over the next 50\u00a0years. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 197(7), 792. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-025-14209-w","journal-title":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"issue":"2","key":"3322_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s10612-023-09685-w","volume":"31","author":"J Espin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Espin, J. (2023). Legal but environmentally harmful practices involved in gold mining in Madre De Dios. Peru. Critical Criminology, 31(2), 563\u2013579. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10612-023-09685-w","journal-title":"Peru. Critical Criminology"},{"key":"3322_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resourpol.2025.105485","volume":"101","author":"N Fermet-Quinet","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fermet-Quinet, N., Gunzburger, Y., Mehdizadeh, R., Scammacca, O., & Linar\u00e8s, S. (2025). Variability and classification of illegal gold mining in French Guiana for impact-based territorial planning. Resources Policy, 101, 105485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resourpol.2025.105485","journal-title":"Resources Policy"},{"issue":"3","key":"3322_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-023-01848-6","volume":"46","author":"R Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00ednez, R., Corrochano, N., \u00c1lvarez-Quintana, J., Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez, A., \u00c1lvarez, R., & Rucandio, I. (2024). Assessment of the ecological risk and mobility of arsenic and heavy metals in soils and mine tailings from the Carmina mine site (Asturias, NW Spain). Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 46(3), 90. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10653-023-01848-6","journal-title":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health"},{"key":"3322_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2025.146147","volume":"520","author":"R Hajdu-Rahkama","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hajdu-Rahkama, R., & Kinnunen, P. (2025). Tailings valorisation: Opportunities to secure rare earth supply and make mining environmentally more sustainable. Journal of Cleaner Production, 520, 146147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclepro.2025.146147","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"8","key":"3322_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(80)90143-8","volume":"14","author":"L Hakanson","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hakanson, L. (1980). An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control.a sedimentological approach. Water Research, 14(8), 975\u20131001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0043-1354(80)90143-8","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"3322_CR23","unstructured":"IGAC, I. (2015). Suelos y tierras de Colombia. Bogota DC, Colombia: Instituto Geogr\u00e1fico Agust\u00edn Codazzi."},{"issue":"6","key":"3322_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-018-0106-z","volume":"40","author":"JB Kowalska","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kowalska, J. B., Mazurek, R., G\u0105siorek, M., & Zaleski, T. (2018). Pollution indices as useful tools for the comprehensive evaluation of the degree of soil contamination\u2013a review. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 40(6), 2395\u20132420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10653-018-0106-z","journal-title":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health"},{"key":"3322_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jes\u00fas, Olivero-Verbel Karina, Caballero-Gallardo Jos\u00e9, Negrete-Marrugo. (2011). Relationship Between Localization of Gold Mining Areas and Hair Mercury Levels in People from Bolivar North of Colombia. Biological Trace Element Research, 144(1-3), 118\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-011-9046-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-011-9046-5"},{"key":"3322_CR25","volume-title":"Decision-Grade Risk and Cost Mapping for Illegal Gold Mining at Crucitas, Costa Rica: Prioritisation, Phased Remediation Portfolios, and Uncertainty-Aware Policy Ranking","author":"AN Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2026","unstructured":"Jim\u00e9nez, A. N. (2026). Decision-Grade Risk and Cost Mapping for Illegal Gold Mining at Crucitas, Costa Rica: Prioritisation, Phased Remediation Portfolios, and Uncertainty-Aware Policy Ranking. Preprints."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"3322_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2004.08.007","volume":"14","author":"A Kumah","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kumah, A. (2006). Sustainability and gold mining in the developing world. Journal of Cleaner Production, 14(3\u20134), 315\u2013323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclepro.2004.08.007","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"3322_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.08.090","volume":"468\u2013469","author":"Z Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li, Z., Ma, Z., van der Kuijp, T. J., Yuan, Z., & Huang, L. (2014). A review of soil heavy metal pollution from mines in China: Pollution and health risk assessment. Science of the Total Environment, 468\u2013469, 843\u2013853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.08.090","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"3322_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.142471","volume":"361","author":"JE L\u00f3pez","year":"2024","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez, J. E., Mar\u00edn, J. F., & Saldarriaga, J. F. (2024a). Assessing pollution degree and human health risks from hazardous element distribution in soils near gold mines in a Colombian Andean region: Correlation with phytotoxicity biomarkers. Chemosphere, 361, 142471.","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"10","key":"3322_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-024-13079-y","volume":"196","author":"JE L\u00f3pez","year":"2024","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez, J. E., Mar\u00edn, J. F., & Saldarriaga, J. F. (2024b). Proposal for a framework for environmental zoning of areas near gold mines based on the distribution of potentially toxic elements, pollution indices, and bioindicators: a case study in Antioquia. Colombia. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 196(10), 933.","journal-title":"Colombia. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"key":"3322_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2025.106491","volume":"190","author":"JE L\u00f3pez","year":"2025","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez, J. E., Jim\u00e9nes-Oyola, S., Mar\u00edn, J. F., & Saldarriaga, J. F. (2025). Probabilistic human health risk assessment due to potential toxic elements in gold mining-affected areas of Antioquia. Colombia. Applied Geochemistry, 190, 106491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2025.106491","journal-title":"Colombia. Applied Geochemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"3322_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-4120(03)00157-0","volume":"30","author":"K Loska","year":"2004","unstructured":"Loska, K., Wiechu\u0142a, D., & Korus, I. (2004). Metal contamination of farming soils affected by industry. Environment International, 30(2), 159\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0160-4120(03)00157-0","journal-title":"Environment International"},{"key":"3322_CR51","first-page":"29","volume":"26","author":"Catalina Londo\u00f1o Herrera","year":"2009","unstructured":"Londo\u00f1o Herrera Catalina, Montoya Garc\u00eda Juan Camilo, Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez Carmona Oswaldo, & Restrepo \u00c1lvarez Jorge Juli\u00e1n. (2009). Caracteristicas de las mineralizaciones  vetiformes en el distrito minero bagrenechi, antioquia. Bolet\u00edn de Ciencias de La Tierra, 26, 29\u201338.","journal-title":"Bolet\u00edn de Ciencias de La Tierra"},{"key":"3322_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exis.2025.101694","volume":"23","author":"K Manduna","year":"2025","unstructured":"Manduna, K. (2025). Governance at the margins of the state: contextualising the spatial and temporal realities of illegal mining in contemporary South Africa. The Extractive Industries and Society, 23, 101694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exis.2025.101694","journal-title":"The Extractive Industries and Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"3322_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.19791120240","volume":"112","author":"A M\u00fcller","year":"1979","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, A., Bhattacharyya, R. G., & Pfefferkorn, B. (1979). Eine einfache Darstellung der bin\u00e4ren Metall\u2010Schwefel\u2010Cluster [Mo3S13]2\u2212 und [Mo2S12]2\u2212 aus MoO42\u2212 in praktisch quantitativer Ausbeute. Chemische Berichte, 112(2), 778\u2013780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cber.19791120240","journal-title":"Chemische Berichte"},{"issue":"2","key":"3322_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0172517","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172517","volume":"12","author":"VM Ngole-Jeme","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ngole-Jeme, V. M., & Fantke, P. (2017). Ecological and human health risks associated with abandoned gold mine tailings contaminated soil. PLoS ONE, 12(2), e0172517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0172517","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"15","key":"3322_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3227","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30153227","volume":"30","author":"J Palomares-Bola\u00f1os","year":"2025","unstructured":"Palomares-Bola\u00f1os, J., Olivero-Verbel, J., & Caballero-Gallardo, K. (2025). Hair levels of lead, cadmium, selenium, and their associations with neurotoxicity and hematological biomarkers in children from the Mojana region, Colombia. Molecules, 30(15), 3227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules30153227","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"3322_CR37","unstructured":"Smith, K. S., Hageman, P. L., Ramsey, C. A., Wildeman, T. R., Ranville, J. F. (2006). Reconnaissance sampling and characterization of mine-waste material. In Proceedings of the US Environmental Protection Agency Hard Rock Mining 2006 Conference, Tucson, AZ, USA, pp. 14\u201316"},{"issue":"4","key":"3322_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15005","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-024-02478-8","volume":"16","author":"MA Rodr\u00edguez-Zapata","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Zapata, M. A., & Agudelo, C. A. R. (2024). The economic value of environmental liabilities: addressing one of the greatest challenges for the maintenance of socioecological potentialities in Colombia. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 16(4), 15005\u201315033. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13132-024-02478-8","journal-title":"Journal of the Knowledge Economy"},{"key":"3322_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envc.2021.100377","volume":"5","author":"MA Rodr\u00edguez-Zapata","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Zapata, M. A., & Ruiz-Agudelo, C. A. (2021). Environmental liabilities in Colombia: A critical review of current status and challenges for a megadiverse country. Environmental Challenges, 5, 100377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envc.2021.100377","journal-title":"Environmental Challenges"},{"issue":"2","key":"3322_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-024-06893-0","volume":"235","author":"JP Salazar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Salazar, J. P., Saldarriaga, J. F., Zapata, D., & L\u00f3pez, J. E. (2024). Determination of bioavailability, potential ecological and human health risks, and biomonitoring of potential toxic elements in gold mine tailings from four areas of Antioquia, Colombia. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 235(2), 122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11270-024-06893-0","journal-title":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution"},{"issue":"10","key":"3322_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6089","DOI":"10.3390\/su14106089","volume":"14","author":"B Salgado-Almeida","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salgado-Almeida, B., Falquez-Torres, D. A., Romero-Crespo, P. L., Valverde-Armas, P. E., Guzm\u00e1n-Mart\u00ednez, F., & Jim\u00e9nez-Oyola, S. (2022). Risk assessment of mining environmental liabilities for their categorization and prioritization in gold-mining areas of Ecuador. Sustainability, 14(10), 6089. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su14106089","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"3322_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salgado-Almeida, B., Briones-Escalante, A., Falquez-Torres, D., Fili\u00e1n-Haz, K., Guzm\u00e1n-Mart\u00ednez, F., Escobar-Segovia, K., Pe\u00f1a-Carpio, E., & Jim\u00e9nez-Oyola, S. (2024). Assessment of Environmental Pollution and Risks Associated with Tailing Dams in a Historical Gold Mining Area of Ecuador. Resources, 13(8), 105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/resources1308010","DOI":"10.3390\/resources1308010"},{"issue":"1","key":"3322_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exis.2020.06.020","volume":"8","author":"O Scammacca","year":"2021","unstructured":"Scammacca, O., Gunzburger, Y., & Mehdizadeh, R. (2021). Gold mining in French Guiana: A multi-criteria classification of mining projects for risk assessment at the territorial scale. The Extractive Industries and Society, 8(1), 32\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exis.2020.06.020","journal-title":"The Extractive Industries and Society"},{"key":"3322_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoforum.2025.104221","volume":"160","author":"LK St\u00e6rfeldt","year":"2025","unstructured":"St\u00e6rfeldt, L. K., & Stacey, P. A. (2025). Environmental governance and political contestation in contexts of illegal small-scale gold mining in Ghana. Geoforum, 160, 104221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.geoforum.2025.104221","journal-title":"Geoforum"},{"issue":"18","key":"3322_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3661","DOI":"10.1002\/ldr.4430","volume":"33","author":"S Timsina","year":"2022","unstructured":"Timsina, S., Hardy, N. G., Woodbury, D. J., Ashton, M. S., Cook-Patton, S. C., Pasternack, R., & Martin, M. P. (2022). Tropical surface gold mining: a review of ecological impacts and restoration strategies. Land Degradation Development, 33(18), 3661\u20133674. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ldr.4430","journal-title":"Land Degradation Development"},{"key":"3322_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envadv.2020.100006","volume":"2","author":"MN Uugwanga","year":"2020","unstructured":"Uugwanga, M. N., & Kgabi, N. A. (2020). Assessment of metals pollution in sediments and tailings of Klein Aub and Oamites mine sites. Namibia. Environmental Advances, 2, 100006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envadv.2020.100006","journal-title":"Namibia. Environmental Advances"},{"issue":"11","key":"3322_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-024-02244-4","volume":"46","author":"A Vargas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vargas, A., L\u00f3pez, J. E., Jaimes, A., & Saldarriaga, J. F. (2024). Phytoremediation of Hg and chlorpyrifos contaminated soils using Phaseolus vulgaris L. with biochar, mycorrhizae, and compost amendments. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 46(11), 478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10653-024-02244-4","journal-title":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health"},{"key":"3322_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2022.105953","volume":"157","author":"I V\u00e9lez-Torres","year":"2022","unstructured":"V\u00e9lez-Torres, I., & Vanegas, D. (2022). Contentious environmental governance in polluted gold mining geographies: the case of La Toma. Colombia. World Development, 157, 105953. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.worlddev.2022.105953","journal-title":"Colombia. World Development"},{"key":"3322_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118270","volume":"298","author":"X Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, X., Zhao, C., Fan, J., Zhao, Q., Zhang, X., Zhang, N., Fang, X., Pang, H., Li, W., Su, X., Li, M., & Xia, Y. (2025). Contamination status and health risk assessment of potentially toxic trace elements in soils surrounding rare earth tailings in China: a retrospective review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 298, 118270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118270","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"},{"issue":"1","key":"3322_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinse.2024.100004","volume":"1","author":"X Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu, X., Xing, C., Ju, Q., Su, S., Zhang, X., & Zhu, T. (2024). Research progress in mining ecological restoration technology. Journal of Industrial Safety, 1(1), 100004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinse.2024.100004","journal-title":"Journal of Industrial Safety"}],"container-title":["Environmental Geochemistry and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10653-026-03322-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10653-026-03322-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10653-026-03322-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T07:40:08Z","timestamp":1784619608000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10653-026-03322-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["3322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10653-026-03322-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-4042","1573-2983"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-4042","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2983","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"444"}}