{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T21:06:27Z","timestamp":1771362387936,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,17]],"date-time":"2017-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497657600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["633212"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["633212"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Epidemiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0272-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,17]],"date-time":"2017-06-17T04:33:48Z","timestamp":1497674028000},"page":"701-710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Age at menarche and lung function: a Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Dipender","family":"Gill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuala A.","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Wielscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Shrine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andre F. S.","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Granell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9n\u00e9dicte","family":"Leynaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco G\u00f3mez","family":"Real","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian P.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin D.","family":"Tobin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juha","family":"Auvinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Ring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjo-Riitta","family":"Jarvelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louise V.","family":"Wain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Jarvis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9166-3958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosetta","family":"Minelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"272_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1429.022","volume":"1135","author":"PJ Adams Hillard","year":"2008","unstructured":"Adams Hillard PJ. Menstruation in adolescents: what\u2019s normal, what\u2019s not. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008;1135:29\u201335. doi: 10.1196\/annals.1429.022 .","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"272_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2013.03.012","volume":"44","author":"MM Fisher","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fisher MM, Eugster EA. What is in our environment that effects puberty? Reprod Toxicol. 2014;44:7\u201314. doi: 10.1016\/j.reprotox.2013.03.012 .","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"issue":"4","key":"272_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.4.733","volume":"82","author":"MB Pierce","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pierce MB, Leon DA. Age at menarche and adult BMI in the Aberdeen children of the 1950s cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82(4):733\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"272_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp372","volume":"171","author":"C He","year":"2010","unstructured":"He C, Zhang C, Hunter DJ, et al. Age at menarche and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from 2 large prospective cohort studies. Am J Epidemiol. 2010;171(3):334\u201344. doi: 10.1093\/aje\/kwp372 .","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"272_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2718","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1991","volume":"90","author":"KE Remsberg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Remsberg KE, Demerath EW, Schubert CM, Chumlea WC, Sun SS, Siervogel RM. Early menarche and the development of cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescent girls: the fels longitudinal study. J Clin Endocrinol metab. 2005;90(5):2718\u201324. doi: 10.1210\/jc.2004-1991 .","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol metab"},{"issue":"12","key":"272_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4953","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1789","volume":"94","author":"R Lakshman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lakshman R, Forouhi NG, Sharp SJ, et al. Early age at menarche associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(12):4953\u201360. doi: 10.1210\/jc.2009-1789 .","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"272_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910460508","volume":"46","author":"CC Hsieh","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hsieh CC, Trichopoulos D, Katsouyanni K, Yuasa S. Age at menarche, age at menopause, height and obesity as risk factors for breast cancer: associations and interactions in an international case-control study. Int J Cancer. 1990;46(5):796\u2013800.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"272_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2894","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27952","volume":"132","author":"TT Gong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gong TT, Wu QJ, Vogtmann E, Lin B, Wang YL. Age at menarche and risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Int J Cancer. 2013;132(12):2894\u2013900. doi: 10.1002\/ijc.27952 .","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"9995","key":"272_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60692-4","volume":"386","author":"Global Burden of Disease Study C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Global Burden of Disease Study C. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990\u20132013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015;386(9995):743\u2013800. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60692-4 .","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5728","key":"272_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1112062","volume":"308","author":"ME Mendelsohn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mendelsohn ME, Karas RH. Molecular and cellular basis of cardiovascular gender differences. Science. 2005;308(5728):1583\u20137. doi: 10.1126\/science.1112062 .","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"272_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2007.08.003","volume":"18","author":"MA Carey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Carey MA, Card JW, Voltz JW, et al. It\u2019s all about sex: gender, lung development and lung disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2007;18(8):308\u201313. doi: 10.1016\/j.tem.2007.08.003 .","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"272_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1586\/ers.12.15","volume":"6","author":"F Macsali","year":"2012","unstructured":"Macsali F, Svanes C, Bjorge L, Omenaas ER, Gomez RF. Respiratory health in women: from menarche to menopause. Exp Rev Respir Med. 2012;6(2):187\u2013200. doi: 10.1586\/ers.12.15 .","journal-title":"Exp Rev Respir Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"272_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2010.147041","volume":"66","author":"PG Burney","year":"2011","unstructured":"Burney PG, Hooper R. Forced vital capacity, airway obstruction and survival in a general population sample from the USA. Thorax. 2011;66(1):49\u201354. doi: 10.1136\/thx.2010.147041 .","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"12","key":"272_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.12.1119","volume":"54","author":"MR Becklake","year":"1999","unstructured":"Becklake MR, Kauffmann F. Gender differences in airway behaviour over the human life span. Thorax. 1999;54(12):1119\u201338.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"5","key":"272_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00412-2016","volume":"48","author":"AF Amaral","year":"2016","unstructured":"Amaral AF, Strachan DP, Gomez Real F, Burney PG, Jarvis DL. Lower lung function associates with cessation of menstruation: UK Biobank data. Eur Respir J. 2016;48(5):1288\u201397. doi: 10.1183\/13993003.00412-2016 .","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"272_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200912-1886OC","volume":"183","author":"F Macsali","year":"2011","unstructured":"Macsali F, Real FG, Plana E, et al. Early age at menarche, lung function, and adult asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011;183(1):8\u201314. doi: 10.1164\/rccm.200912-1886OC .","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"272_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371583","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/371583","volume":"2014","author":"A Yermachenko","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yermachenko A, Dvornyk V. Nongenetic determinants of age at menarche: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:371583. doi: 10.1155\/2014\/371583 .","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"272_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E59","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.4.e59","volume":"107","author":"LS Adair","year":"2001","unstructured":"Adair LS. Size at birth predicts age at menarche. Pediatrics. 2001;107(4):E59.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6804","key":"272_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.303.6804.671","volume":"303","author":"DJ Barker","year":"1991","unstructured":"Barker DJ, Godfrey KM, Fall C, Osmond C, Winter PD, Shaheen SO. Relation of birth weight and childhood respiratory infection to adult lung function and death from chronic obstructive airways disease. BMJ. 1991;303(6804):671\u20135.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"7499","key":"272_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7499.1076","volume":"330","author":"G Davey Smith","year":"2005","unstructured":"Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. What can Mendelian randomisation tell us about modifiable behavioural and environmental exposures? BMJ. 2005;330(7499):1076\u20139. doi: 10.1136\/bmj.330.7499.1076 .","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"272_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyg070","volume":"32","author":"GD Smith","year":"2003","unstructured":"Smith GD, Ebrahim S. Mendelian randomization: can genetic epidemiology contribute to understanding environmental determinants of disease? Int J Epidemiol. 2003;32(1):1\u201322.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"272_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e177","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050177","volume":"5","author":"NA Sheehan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sheehan NA, Didelez V, Burton PR, Tobin MD. Mendelian randomisation and causal inference in observational epidemiology. PLoS Med. 2008;5(8):e177. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050177 .","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"272_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.115.168617","author":"ME Sequeira","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sequeira ME, Lewis SJ, Bonilla C, Davey Smith G, Joinson C. Association of timing of menarche with depressive symptoms and depression in adolescence: Mendelian randomisation study. Br J Psychiatry. 2016;. doi: 10.1192\/bjp.bp.115.168617 .","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"272_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20100504","volume":"120","author":"CE Bolton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bolton CE, Schumacher W, Cockcroft JR, et al. The CRP genotype, serum levels and lung function in men: the Caerphilly Prospective Study. Clin Sci (Lond). 2011;120(8):347\u201355. doi: 10.1042\/CS20100504 .","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"issue":"7520","key":"272_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13545","volume":"514","author":"JR Perry","year":"2014","unstructured":"Perry JR, Day F, Elks CE, et al. Parent-of-origin-specific allelic associations among 106 genomic loci for age at menarche. Nature. 2014;514(7520):92\u20137. doi: 10.1038\/nature13545 .","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"272_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280210394459","volume":"21","author":"TM Palmer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Palmer TM, Lawlor DA, Harbord RM, et al. Using multiple genetic variants as instrumental variables for modifiable risk factors. Stat Methods Med Res. 2012;21(3):223\u201342. doi: 10.1177\/0962280210394459 .","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"272_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07050954","volume":"7","author":"PG Burney","year":"1994","unstructured":"Burney PG, Luczynska C, Chinn S, Jarvis D. The European Community Respiratory Health Survey. Eur Respir J. 1994;7(5):954\u201360.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"272_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1988.tb00180.x","volume":"2","author":"P Rantakallio","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rantakallio P. The longitudinal study of the northern Finland birth cohort of 1966. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1988;2(1):59\u201388.","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"272_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001779","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779","volume":"12","author":"C Sudlow","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sudlow C, Gallacher J, Allen N, et al. UK biobank: an open access resource for identifying the causes of a wide range of complex diseases of middle and old age. PLoS Med. 2015;12(3):e1001779. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779 .","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"272_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00283-0","volume":"3","author":"LV Wain","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wain LV, Shrine N, Miller S, et al. Novel insights into the genetics of smoking behaviour, lung function, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (UK BiLEVE): a genetic association study in UK Biobank. Lancet Respir Med. 2015;3(10):769\u201381. doi: 10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00283-0 .","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"272_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys064","volume":"42","author":"A Boyd","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boyd A, Golding J, Macleod J, et al. Cohort Profile: the \u2018children of the 90s\u2019\u2014the index offspring of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Int J Epidemiol. 2013;42(1):111\u201327. doi: 10.1093\/ije\/dys064 .","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"272_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e73802","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073802","volume":"8","author":"A Jaaskelainen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jaaskelainen A, Schwab U, Kolehmainen M, et al. Meal frequencies modify the effect of common genetic variants on body mass index in adolescents of the northern Finland birth cohort 1986. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(9):e73802. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0073802 .","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"7","key":"272_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21758","volume":"37","author":"S Burgess","year":"2013","unstructured":"Burgess S, Butterworth A, Thompson SG. Mendelian randomization analysis with multiple genetic variants using summarized data. Genet Epidemiol. 2013;37(7):658\u201365. doi: 10.1002\/gepi.21758 .","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"272_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ijb-2015-0074","author":"JR Thompson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thompson JR, Minelli C, Del Greco MF. Mendelian randomization using public data from genetic consortia. Int J Biostat. 2016;. doi: 10.1515\/ijb-2015-0074 .","journal-title":"Int J Biostat"},{"issue":"21","key":"272_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2926","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6522","volume":"34","author":"MF Greco Del","year":"2015","unstructured":"Del Greco MF, Minelli C, Sheehan NA, Thompson JR. Detecting pleiotropy in Mendelian randomisation studies with summary data and a continuous outcome. Stat Med. 2015;34(21):2926\u201340. doi: 10.1002\/sim.6522 .","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"272_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3207","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw373","volume":"32","author":"JR Staley","year":"2016","unstructured":"Staley JR, Blackshaw J, Kamat MA, et al. PhenoScanner: a database of human genotype-phenotype associations. Bioinformatics. 2016;32(20):3207\u20139. doi: 10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw373 .","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"272_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7221","volume":"36","author":"J Bowden","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bowden J, Del Greco MF, Minelli C, Davey Smith G, Sheehan N, Thompson J. A framework for the investigation of pleiotropy in two-sample summary data Mendelian randomization. Stat Med. 2017;36:1783\u20131802. doi: 10.1002\/sim.7221 .","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"272_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv080","volume":"44","author":"J Bowden","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bowden J, Davey Smith G, Burgess S. Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression. Int J Epidemiol. 2015;44(2):512\u201325. doi: 10.1093\/ije\/dyv080 .","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"272_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3034","volume":"27","author":"DA Lawlor","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lawlor DA, Harbord RM, Sterne JA, Timpson N, Davey SG. Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology. Stat Med. 2008;27(8):1133\u201363. doi: 10.1002\/sim.3034 .","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"272_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00208102","volume":"20","author":"V Neve","year":"2002","unstructured":"Neve V, Girard F, Flahault A, Boule M. Lung and thorax development during adolescence: relationship with pubertal status. Eur Respir J. 2002;20(5):1292\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"3","key":"272_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.12030627","volume":"12","author":"JW Twisk","year":"1998","unstructured":"Twisk JW, Staal BJ, Brinkman MN, Kemper HC, van Mechelen W. Tracking of lung function parameters and the longitudinal relationship with lifestyle. Eur Respir J. 1998;12(3):627\u201334.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"6","key":"272_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L1154","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00228.2004","volume":"287","author":"D Massaro","year":"2004","unstructured":"Massaro D, Massaro GD. Estrogen regulates pulmonary alveolar formation, loss, and regeneration in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2004;287(6):L1154\u20139. doi: 10.1152\/ajplung.00228.2004 .","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"272_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-206781","volume":"70","author":"A Custovic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Custovic A, Ainsworth J, Arshad H, Bishop C, Buchan I, Cullinan P, et al. The Study Team for Early Life Asthma Research (STELAR) consortium \u2018Asthma e-lab\u2019: team science bringing data, methods and investigators together. Thorax 2015;70(8):799\u2013801.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"272_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2010.02534.x","volume":"66","author":"J Bousquet","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bousquet J, Anto J, Auffray C, Akdis M, Cambon-Thomsen A, Keil T, et al. MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy): an integrated approach from phenotypes to systems medicine. Allergy 2011;66:596\u2013604.","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"5","key":"272_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.02.004","volume":"117","author":"MT Salam","year":"2006","unstructured":"Salam MT, Wenten M, Gilliland FD. Endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones and asthma and wheeze in young women. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;117(5):1001\u20137. doi: 10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.02.004 .","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"272_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200405-674OC","volume":"171","author":"R Varraso","year":"2005","unstructured":"Varraso R, Siroux V, Maccario J, Pin I, Kauffmann F. Asthma severity is associated with body mass index and early menarche in women. Am J Res Criti Care Med. 2005;171(4):334\u20139. doi: 10.1164\/rccm.200405-674OC .","journal-title":"Am J Res Criti Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"272_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61794-2","volume":"90","author":"CL Haggerty","year":"2003","unstructured":"Haggerty CL, Ness RB, Kelsey S, Waterer GW. The impact of estrogen and progesterone on asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2003;90(3):284\u201391. doi: 10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61794-2 .","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"272_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt084","volume":"178","author":"BL Pierce","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pierce BL, Burgess S. Efficient design for Mendelian randomization studies: subsample and 2-sample instrumental variable estimators. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;178(7):1177\u201384. doi: 10.1093\/aje\/kwt084 .","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"272_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/ng749","volume":"29","author":"JP Ioannidis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ioannidis JP, Ntzani EE, Trikalinos TA, Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG. Replication validity of genetic association studies. Nat Genet. 2001;29(3):306\u20139. doi: 10.1038\/ng749 .","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"272_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq151","volume":"40","author":"BL Pierce","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pierce BL, Ahsan H, Vanderweele TJ. Power and instrument strength requirements for Mendelian randomization studies using multiple genetic variants. Int J Epidemiol. 2011;40(3):740\u201352. doi: 10.1093\/ije\/dyq151 .","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"272_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2014.07.014","volume":"95","author":"F Dudbridge","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dudbridge F, Fletcher O. Gene-environment dependence creates spurious gene-environment interaction. Am J Hum Genet. 2014;95(3):301\u20137. doi: 10.1016\/j.ajhg.2014.07.014 .","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"272_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyh033","volume":"33","author":"P Brennan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brennan P. Commentary: Mendelian randomization and gene-environment interaction. Int J Epidemiol. 2004;33(1):17\u201321. doi: 10.1093\/ije\/dyh033 .","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"272_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1097\/ede.0000000000000161","volume":"25","author":"S Burgess","year":"2014","unstructured":"Burgess S, Davies NM, Thompson SG. Instrumental variable analysis with a nonlinear exposure-outcome relationship. Epidemiology. 2014;25(6):877\u201385. doi: 10.1097\/ede.0000000000000161 .","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"272_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu187","volume":"43","author":"RJ Silverwood","year":"2014","unstructured":"Silverwood RJ, Holmes MV, Dale CE, et al. Testing for non-linear causal effects using a binary genotype in a Mendelian randomization study: application to alcohol and cardiovascular traits. Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43(6):1781\u201390. doi: 10.1093\/ije\/dyu187 .","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"272_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2010.06.003","volume":"31","author":"AM Zama","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zama AM, Uzumcu M. Epigenetic effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on female reproduction: an ovarian perspective. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2010;31(4):420\u201339. doi: 10.1016\/j.yfrne.2010.06.003 .","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10654-017-0272-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10654-017-0272-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10654-017-0272-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,26]],"date-time":"2019-09-26T03:04:24Z","timestamp":1569467064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10654-017-0272-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,17]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["272"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10654-017-0272-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0393-2990","1573-7284"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0393-2990","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7284","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,17]]}}}