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In this study, we aimed to describe time trends, incidence, prevalence, and mortality of a wide range of chronic liver diseases in Sweden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this register-based, nationwide observational study, patients with a register-based diagnosis of chronic liver disease, during 2005\u20132019, were retrieved from the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Annual age-standardized incidence and mortality rates, and prevalence per 100,000 inhabitants was calculated and stratified on age, sex, and geographical region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of alcohol-related cirrhosis increased by 47% (2.6% annually), reaching an incidence rate of 13.1\/100,000 inhabitants. The incidence rate of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and unspecified liver cirrhosis increased by 217% and 87% (8.0 and 4.3% annually), respectively, reaching an incidence rate of 15.2 and 18.7\/100,000 inhabitants, and a prevalence of 24.7 and 44.8\/100,000 inhabitants. Furthermore, incidence rates of chronic hepatitis C declined steeply, but liver malignancies have become more common. The most common causes of liver-related mortality were alcohol-related liver disease and unspecified liver disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence rates of diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol-related cirrhosis, unspecified liver cirrhosis, and liver malignancies have increased during the last 15\u00a0years. Worryingly, mortality in several liver diseases increased, likely reflecting increasing incidences of cirrhosis in spite of a decreasing rate of hepatitis C. Significant disparities exist across sex and geographical regions, which need to be considered when allocating healthcare resources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-023-01028-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T05:02:36Z","timestamp":1690261356000},"page":"973-984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Incidence, prevalence and mortality of chronic liver diseases in Sweden between 2005 and 2019"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2928-4188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrik","family":"Nasr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6976-248X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik","family":"von Seth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1441-6819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raphaela","family":"Mayerhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5297-5107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelson","family":"Ndegwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1024-5602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas F.","family":"Ludvigsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8474-1759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannes","family":"Hagstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"1028_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0145-y","volume":"12","author":"AA Mokdad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mokdad AA, Lopez AD, Shahraz S, Lozano R, Mokdad AH, Stanaway J, et al. 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That study received funding from Janssen corporation. Dr Ludvigsson has also received financial support from MSD. Erik von Seth has received funding from Gilead Sciences Europe Ltd for epidemiological research on primary sclerosing cholangitis. Dr Hagstr\u00f6m has received consulting fees from Astra Zeneca and Dr Hagstr\u00f6m\u2019s institutions have received research grants from Astra Zeneca, EchoSens, Gilead, Intercept, MSD and Pfizer.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study was based on aggregated, anonymous data and therefore ethical approval or informed consent was not required(\n                      \n                      ).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Waived because of registry-based nature.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Waived because of registry-based nature.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"No patients were involved in setting the research questions or the outcome measures, nor were they involved in developing plans for the design of the study. No patients were asked to advise on interpretation or writing up of results. There are no plans to disseminate the results of the research to study participants or the relevant patient community.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Patient and public involvement"}}]}}