{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T12:13:29Z","timestamp":1792239209914,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01 AA028193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 AA028193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 MH118094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 MH118094"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 DA036935"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 DA036935"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 AI094189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AI094189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Epidemiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-024-01147-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T12:02:30Z","timestamp":1726660950000},"page":"1051-1062","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cohort profile update: the Johns Hopkins HIV clinical cohort, 1989\u20132023"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1717-2592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine R.","family":"Lesko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony T.","family":"Fojo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanne C.","family":"Keruly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. Joseph","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oluwaseun O.","family":"Falade-Nwulia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren C.","family":"Zalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LaQuita N.","family":"Snow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce L.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geetanjali","family":"Chander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1147_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.1343","volume":"321","author":"AS Fauci","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fauci AS, Redfield RR, Sigounas G, Weahkee MD, Giroir BP. Ending the HIV epidemic: a plan for the united states. JAMA. 2019;321:844\u20135.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1147_CR2","unstructured":"Ending the HIV Epidemic in the US, Priority Jurisdictions: Phase I [Internet]. HIV.gov. [cited 2023 Nov 3]. Available from: https:\/\/www.hiv.gov\/federal-response\/ending-the-hiv-epidemic\/jurisdictions\/phase-one"},{"key":"1147_CR3","unstructured":"Baltimore City Annual HIV Epidemiological Profile 2021 [Internet]. Baltimore, Maryland, USA: Center for HIV Surveillance, Epidemiology and Evaluation, Maryland Department of Health; Available from: https:\/\/health.maryland.gov\/phpa\/OIDEOR\/CHSE\/SiteAssets\/Pages\/statistics\/Baltimore-City-Annual-HIVEpidemiological-Profile-2021.pdf"},{"key":"1147_CR4","unstructured":"HIV Surveillance Report, 2019 [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2021 May. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/library\/reports\/hiv-surveillance\/vol-32\/index.html"},{"key":"1147_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000555","volume":"14","author":"A Jakubowski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jakubowski A, Fox A. Defining low-threshold buprenorphine treatment. J Addict Med. 2020;14:95\u20138.","journal-title":"J Addict Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1147_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S38","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199801001-00011","volume":"17","author":"RD Moore","year":"1998","unstructured":"Moore RD. Understanding the clinical and economic outcomes of HIV therapy: the Johns Hopkins HIV clinical practice cohort. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998;17(Suppl 1):S38\u201341.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol"},{"key":"1147_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/126.2.310","volume":"126","author":"RA Kaslow","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kaslow RA, Ostrow DG, Detels R, Phair JP, Polk BF, Rinaldo CR, et al. The multicenter AIDS cohort study: rationale, organization, and AIDS cohort selected characteristics of the participants. Am J Epidemiol. 1987;126:310\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"1147_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1177\/002204269102100406","volume":"21","author":"D Vlahov","year":"1991","unstructured":"Vlahov D, Anthony J, Munuz A, Margolick J, Nelson K, Celentano D, et al. The ALIVE Study: a longitudinal study of HIV-1 infection in intravenous drug users: description of methods. J Drug Issues. 1991;21:759\u201376.","journal-title":"J Drug Issues"},{"key":"1147_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2006.0171","volume":"23","author":"B Lau","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lau B, Gange SJ, Moore RD. Interval and clinical cohort studies: epidemiological issues. AIDS Res Hum Retrovir. 2007;23:769\u201376.","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retrovir"},{"key":"1147_CR10","unstructured":"El-Nahal W, Shen N, Lesko C, Keruly JC, Gebo K, Lau B, et al. Visit completion during the telemedicine transition in early months of the pandemic. Virtual; 2021."},{"key":"1147_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000003232","volume":"36","author":"CR Lesko","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lesko CR, Mugavero MJ, Shen NM, Fojo AT, Moore RD, Keruly JC, et al. Exploring definitions of retention in care for people living with HIV in the United States in the modern treatment era. AIDS. 2022;36:1181\u20139.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"1147_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002579","volume":"34","author":"CR Lesko","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lesko CR, Chander G, Moore RD, Lau B. Variation in estimated viral suppression associated with the definition of viral suppression used. AIDS. 2020;34:1519\u201326.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"1147_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad433","author":"O Falade-Nwulia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Falade-Nwulia O, Lesko CR, Fojo AT, Keruly JC, Moore RD, Sutcliffe CG, et al. Hepatitis C treatment in people living with HIV: potential to eliminate disease and disparity. J Infect Dis. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiad433.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1147_CR14","unstructured":"Care Everywhere | HIMSS [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2024 May 21]. Available from: https:\/\/www.himss.org\/resource-environmental-scan\/care-everywhere"},{"key":"1147_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym231","volume":"37","author":"MM Kitahata","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kitahata MM, Rodriguez B, Haubrich R, Boswell S, Mathews WC, Lederman MM, et al. Cohort profile: the centers for AIDS research network of integrated clinical systems. Int J Epidemiol. 2008;37:948\u201355.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"1147_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2174\/157016207779316369","volume":"5","author":"HM Crane","year":"2007","unstructured":"Crane HM, Lober W, Webster E, Harrington RD, Crane PK, Davis TE, et al. Routine collection of patient-reported outcomes in an HIV clinic setting: the first 100 patients. Curr HIV Res. 2007;5:109\u201318.","journal-title":"Curr HIV Res"},{"key":"1147_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7037a4","volume":"70","author":"M Kariisa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kariisa M, Patel P, Smith H, Bitting J. Notes from the field: Xylazine detection and involvement in drug overdose deaths\u2014United States, 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70:1300\u20132.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"1147_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwy092","volume":"187","author":"CR Lesko","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lesko CR, Keil AP, Moore RD, Chander G, Fojo AT, Lau B. Measurement of current substance use in a cohort of HIV-infected persons in continuity HIV care, 2007\u20132015. Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187:1970\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"1147_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.5139","volume":"2","author":"HM Crane","year":"2017","unstructured":"Crane HM, Paramsothy P, Drozd DR, Nance RM, Delaney JAC, Heckbert SR, et al. Types of myocardial infarction among human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in the United States. JAMA Cardiol. 2017;2:260\u20137.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"1147_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001087","volume":"30","author":"CR Lesko","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lesko CR, Moore RD, Tong W, Lau B. Association of injection drug use with incidence of HIV-associated non-AIDS-related morbidity by age, 1995\u20132014. AIDS. 2016;30:1447\u201355.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"1147_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002054","volume":"33","author":"CR Lesko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lesko CR, Lau B, Chander G, Moore RD. Death after diagnosis of noncommunicable disease comorbid conditions, stratified by injection drug use. AIDS. 2019;33:285\u201393.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"1147_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318273762f","volume":"61","author":"MJ Mugavero","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mugavero MJ, Westfall AO, Zinski A, Davila J, Drainoni ML, Gardner LI, et al. Measuring retention in HIV care: the elusive gold standard. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012;61:574\u201380.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"1147_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S228","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318298721b","volume":"63","author":"TB Hallett","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hallett TB, Eaton JW. A side door into care cascade for HIV-infected patients? J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013;63(Suppl 2):S228\u201332.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"1147_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0129376","volume":"10","author":"BR Yehia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yehia BR, Stephens-Shields AJ, Fleishman JA, Berry SA, Agwu AL, Metlay JP, et al. The HIV care continuum: changes over time in retention in care and viral suppression. PLoS One. 2015;10: e0129376.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1147_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx281","volume":"187","author":"CR Lesko","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lesko CR, Edwards JK, Cole SR, Moore RD, Lau B. When to censor? Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187:623\u201332.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"1147_CR26","unstructured":"The White House. National HIV\/AIDS Strategy for the United States 2022\u20132025. Washington, DC; 2021."},{"key":"1147_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.026","volume":"114","author":"K Kroenke","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kroenke K, Strine TW, Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Berry JT, Mokdad AH. The PHQ-8 as a measure of current depression in the general population. J Affect Disord. 2009;114:163\u201373.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"1147_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","volume":"16","author":"K Kroenke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16:606\u201313.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"1147_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","volume":"166","author":"RL Spitzer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JBW, L\u00f6we B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:1092\u20137.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"1147_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2007.00403.x","volume":"31","author":"KA Bradley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bradley KA, DeBenedetti AF, Volk RJ, Williams EC, Frank D, Kivlahan DR. AUDIT-C as a brief screen for alcohol misuse in primary care. Alcohol: Clin Exp Res. 2007;31:1208\u201317.","journal-title":"Alcohol: Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"1147_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.16.1789","volume":"158","author":"K Bush","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bush K, Kivlahan DR, McDonell MB, Fihn SD, Bradley KA. The AUDIT alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C): an effective brief screening test for problem drinking. ambulatory care quality improvement project (ACQUIP). Alcohol use disorders identification test. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:1789\u201395.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med."},{"key":"1147_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2002.00185.x","volume":"97","author":"WHO Assist Working Group","year":"2002","unstructured":"WHO Assist Working Group. The alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST): development, reliability and feasibility. Addiction. 2002;97:1183\u201394.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"1147_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230500170266","volume":"24","author":"DA Newcombe","year":"2005","unstructured":"Newcombe DA, Humeniuk RE, Ali R. Validation of the world health organization alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST): report of results from the Australian site. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2005;24:217\u201326.","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"1147_CR34","unstructured":"Wickham H. ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis [Internet]. New York: Springer-Verlag; 2016 [cited 2024 May 21]. Available from: https:\/\/ggplot2.tidyverse.org\/"},{"key":"1147_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01686","volume":"4","author":"H Wickham","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wickham H, Averick M, Bryan J, Chang W, McGowan LD, Fran\u00e7ois R, et al. Welcome to the Tidyverse. Journal of Open Source Software. 2019;4:1686.","journal-title":"Journal of Open Source Software"},{"key":"1147_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bosh KA. Estimated Annual Number of HIV Infections\u2500United States, 1981\u20132019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Apr 12];70. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/70\/wr\/mm7022a1.htm","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7022a1"},{"key":"1147_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000003128","volume":"36","author":"KN Althoff","year":"2022","unstructured":"Althoff KN, Stewart CN, Humes E, Zhang J, Gerace L, Boyd CM, et al. The shifting age distribution of people with HIV using antiretroviral therapy in the United States, 2020 to 2030. AIDS. 2022;36:459\u201371.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"1147_CR38","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (U.S.) Committee on the Ryan White CARE Act: data for resource allocation planning and evaluation. Measuring what matters\u202f: allocation, planning, and quality assessment for the Ryan white care act. Washington, DC,: National Academies Press; 2004."},{"key":"1147_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.074542","volume":"97","author":"HLF Cooper","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cooper HLF, Friedman SR, Tempalski B, Friedman R. Residential segregation and injection drug use prevalence among black adults in US metropolitan areas. Am J Public Health. 2007;97:344\u201352.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"1147_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-019-01654-5","volume":"54","author":"DP Do","year":"2019","unstructured":"Do DP, Locklar LRB, Florsheim P. Triple jeopardy: the joint impact of racial segregation and neighborhood poverty on the mental health of black Americans. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2019;54:533\u201341.","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"1147_CR41","unstructured":"Brown LT. The black butterfly: The harmful politics of race and space in America. JHU Press; 2021."},{"key":"1147_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwz159","volume":"188","author":"CR Lesko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lesko CR, Keil AP, Fojo AT, Chander G, Lau B, Moore RD. Recent substance use and probability of unsuppressed HIV viral load among persons on antiretroviral therapy in continuity care. Am J Epidemiol. 2019;188:1830\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol."},{"key":"1147_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.301162","volume":"103","author":"MJ Mimiaga","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mimiaga MJ, Reisner SL, Grasso C, Crane HM, Safren SA, Kitahata MM, et al. Substance use among HIV-infected patients engaged in primary care in the United States: findings from the centers for AIDS research network of integrated clinical systems cohort. Am J Public Health. 2013;103:1457\u201367.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"1147_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-017-1826-2","volume":"22","author":"B Hartzler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hartzler B, Dombrowski JC, Williams JR, Crane HM, Eron JJ, Geng EH, et al. Influence of substance use disorders on 2-year HIV care retention in the United States. AIDS Behav. 2018;22:742\u201351.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"1147_CR45","first-page":"14","volume":"7","author":"CC Stewart","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stewart CC, Lu CY, Yoon TK, Coleman KJ, Crawford PM, Lakoma MD, et al. Impact of ICD-10-CM transition on mental health diagnoses recording. EGEMS (Wash DC). 2019;7:14.","journal-title":"EGEMS (Wash DC)."},{"key":"1147_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000717","volume":"34","author":"D Ciccarone","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ciccarone D. The rise of illicit fentanyls, stimulants and the fourth wave of the opioid overdose crisis. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2021;34:344\u201350.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1147_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1177\/002204269202200402","volume":"22","author":"R Falck","year":"1992","unstructured":"Falck R, Siegal HA, Forney MA, Wang J, Carlson RG. The validity of injection drug users self-reported use of opiates and cocaine. J Drug Issues. 1992;22:823\u201332.","journal-title":"J Drug Issues"},{"key":"1147_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1177\/002204269502500107","volume":"25","author":"LD Harrison","year":"1995","unstructured":"Harrison LD. The validity of self-reported data on drug use. J Drug Issues. 1995;25:91\u2013111.","journal-title":"J Drug Issues"},{"key":"1147_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.09.015","volume":"168","author":"KA McGinnis","year":"2016","unstructured":"McGinnis KA, Tate JP, Williams EC, Skanderson M, Bryant KJ, Gordon AJ, et al. Comparison of AUDIT-C collected via electronic medical record and self-administered research survey in HIV infected and uninfected patients. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016;168:196\u2013202.","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"1147_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2008.0093","volume":"22","author":"BR Yehia","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yehia BR, Gebo KA, Hicks PB, Korthuis PT, Moore RD, Ridore M, et al. Structures of care in the clinics of the HIV research network. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2008;22:1007\u201313.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"key":"1147_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl286","volume":"36","author":"SJ Gange","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gange SJ, Kitahata MM, Saag MS, Bangsberg DR, Bosch RJ, Brooks JT, et al. Cohort profile: the North American AIDS cohort collaboration on research and design (NA-ACCORD). Int J Epidemiol. 2007;36:294\u2013301.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"1147_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaa163","volume":"50","author":"PM Gorbach","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gorbach PM, Siminski S, Ragsdale A, Investigators C. Cohort profile: the collaborating consortium of cohorts producing NIDA opportunities (C3PNO). Int J Epidemiol. 2021;50:31\u201340.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10654-024-01147-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10654-024-01147-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10654-024-01147-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]],"date-time":"2024-10-12T14:02:30Z","timestamp":1728741750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10654-024-01147-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["1147"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10654-024-01147-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0393-2990","1573-7284"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0393-2990","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7284","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Johns Hopkins Medicine Institutional Review Board.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All participants consented to share their data.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}