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As a first study, the present study investigated differences in a variety of cardiological parameters in adolescents (aged 15\u201318 years) with a chronic high consumption of EDs (ED consumption: \u2265 four days\/week for \u2265\u2009last 12 months, &gt;\u20093\u00a0mg caffeine from EDs\/kg bodyweight\/day) compared to a control group. In study phase 1 of the cross-sectional EDKAR-study, data from 5100 pupils in Berlin (Germany) on their ED consumption and lifestyle factors were assessed using an online questionnaire. Based on these, adolescents with a chronic high ED consumption (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200997) and a control group (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009160) were cardiologically examined at Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin. Blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters were assessed. Cardiological risk factors like educational background, smoking, alcohol consumption and sleep duration were investigated. The study noticed no significant and\/or clinically relevant differences in any of the cardiological parameters e.g., heart rate (Chronic high ED consumption: Geometric mean (95%-CI): 74.8 BPM (68.5\u201381.8) vs. control group: 71.9 BPM (65.2\u201379.2),\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.23). However, half of the high consumers reported having experienced adverse effects after consuming EDs. Furthermore, adolescents with chronic high ED consumption reported a considerably higher intake of alcohol, higher smoking rates and shorter sleep duration in comparison to the control group. Accordingly, chronic high ED consumption is associated with lifestyle factors with a potential negative impact on the cardiovascular system.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-025-01292-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T02:15:28Z","timestamp":1755915328000},"page":"1355-1368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Chronic high consumption of energy drinks and cardiovascular risk in adolescents\u2014results of the EDKAR-study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7938-4251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliane","family":"Menzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6284-363X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Spinka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6896-3780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria J.","family":"Pie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2016-0709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Deichl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9006-9906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven","family":"Kn\u00fcppel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0049-6512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anke","family":"Ehlers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Britta","family":"Nagl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Edelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1756-0146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cornelia","family":"Weikert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1292_CR1","unstructured":"Bundesministerium der Justiz. 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