{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T13:39:29Z","timestamp":1789738769674,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Monit Assess"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-005-8221-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,25]],"date-time":"2005-11-25T19:10:44Z","timestamp":1132945844000},"page":"223-241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Application Of Artificial Neural Network Models To Analyse The Relationships Between Gammarus pulex L. (Crustacea, Amphipoda) And River Characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Andy P.","family":"Dedecker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter L. M.","family":"Goethals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"D'heygere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muriel","family":"Gevrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sovan","family":"Lek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"De Pauw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"8221_CR1","unstructured":"Adriaenssens, V., Goethals, P. L. M. and De Pauw, N.: in press, \u2018Fuzzy knowledge-based models for prediction of Asellus aquaticus, Asellus meridianus and Gammarus pulex in watercourses\u2019, Ecol. Model."},{"key":"8221_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00028502","volume":"337","author":"P. Baran","year":"1996","unstructured":"Baran, P., Lek, S., Delacoste, M. and Belaud, A.: 1996, \u2018Stochastic models that predict trout population density or biomass on a mesohabitat scale\u2019, Hydrobiologia 337, 1\u20139.","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"8221_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2699.2003.00954.x","volume":"30","author":"O. Beauchard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Beauchard, O., Gagneur, J. and Brosse, S.: 2003, \u2018Macroinvertebrate richness patterns in North African streams\u2019, J. Biogeogr. 30, 1821\u20131833.","journal-title":"J. Biogeogr."},{"key":"8221_CR4","unstructured":"Bayerisches Landesamt f\u00fcr Wasserwirtschaft: 1996, \u00d6kologische typisierung der aquatischen Makrofauna\u2019, Inforamtionsberichte des Bayerischen Landesamtes f\u00fcr Wasserwirtschaft, Heft 4\/96."},{"issue":"3","key":"8221_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1051\/limn\/1986026","volume":"23","author":"M. Bournaud","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bournaud, M. and Cogerino, L.: 1986, \u2018Les microhabitats aquatiques des rives d'un grand cours d'eau: Approche faunistique\u2019, Ann. Limnol. 23(3), 285\u2013294.","journal-title":"Ann. Limnol."},{"key":"8221_CR6","volume-title":"Flie\u03b2gew\u00e4sserkunde. Einf\u00fcrhrung in de Limnolie der Quellen, B\u00e4che und Fl\u00fcsse","author":"J. Brehm","year":"1990","unstructured":"Brehm, J. and Meijering, M.P.D.: 1990, Flie\u03b2gew\u00e4sserkunde. Einf\u00fcrhrung in de Limnolie der Quellen, B\u00e4che und Fl\u00fcsse. Biologische Arbeitsb\u00fccher, Verlag, Heidelberg, Wiesbaden."},{"key":"8221_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1080\/00288330.2001.9516983","volume":"35","author":"S. Brosse","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brosse, S., Lek, S. and Townsend, C. R.: 2001, \u2018Abundance, diversity, and structure of freshwater invertebrates and fish communities: An artificial neural network approach\u2019, N. Z. J. Marine Freshw. Res. 35, 135\u2013145.","journal-title":"N. Z. J. Marine Freshw. Res."},{"key":"8221_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024107915183","volume":"12","author":"S. Brosse","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brosse, S., Arbuckle, C. J. and Townsend, C. R.: 2003, \u2018Habitat scale and biodiversity: Influence of catchment, stream reach and bedform scales on local invertebrate diversity\u2019, Biodivers. Conserv. 12, 2057\u20132075.","journal-title":"Biodivers. Conserv."},{"key":"8221_CR9","volume-title":"Biological Assessment and Criteria Tools for Water Resource Planning and Decision Making","author":"W. S. Davis","year":"1996","unstructured":"Davis, W. S. and Simon, T. P.: 1996, Biological Assessment and Criteria Tools for Water Resource Planning and Decision Making, Lewis Publisher, Boca Raton, FL."},{"key":"8221_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2002.79","volume":"2","author":"A. P. Dedecker","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dedecker, A. P., Goethals, P. L. M. and De Pauw, N.: 2002, \u2018Comparison of artificial neural network (ANN) model development methods for prediction of macroinvertebrate communities in the Zwalm river basin in Flanders, Belgium\u2019, Sci. World J. 2, 96\u2013104.","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"8221_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2004.01.003","volume":"174","author":"A. Dedecker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dedecker, A., Goethals, P. L. M., Gabriels, W. and De Pauw, N.: 2004, \u2018Optimisation of artificial neural network (ANN) model design for prediction of macroinvertebrate communities in the Zwalm river basin (Flanders, Belgium)\u2019, Ecol. Model. 174(1\u20132), 161\u2013173.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"8221_CR12","unstructured":"Dedecker, A. P., Goethals, P. L. M., D'heygere, T., Gevrey, M., Lek, S. and De Pauw, N.: submitted, \u2018Selecting variables for habitat suitability of Asellus (Crustacea, Isopoda) by applying input variable contribution methods to artificial neural network models\u2019, Environ. Model. Assess."},{"key":"8221_CR13","first-page":"87","volume-title":"River Water Quality Monitoring and Control","author":"N. De Pauw","year":"1993","unstructured":"De Pauw, N. and Hawkes, H. A.: 1993, \u2018Biological Monitoring of River Water Quality\u2019, in: W. J. Walley and S. Judd (eds), River Water Quality Monitoring and Control, Aston University, Birmingham, pp. 87\u2013111."},{"key":"8221_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00546198","volume":"30","author":"N. De Pauw","year":"1994","unstructured":"De Pauw, N., Lambert, V., Van Kenhove, A. and bij De Vaate, A.: 1994, \u2018Performance of two artificial substrate samplers for macroinvertebrates in biological monitoring of large and deep rivers and canals in Belgium and the Netherlands\u2019, Environ. Monit. Assess. 30, 25\u201347.","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"8221_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00027428","volume":"100","author":"N. De Pauw","year":"1983","unstructured":"De Pauw, N. and Vanhooren, G.: 1983, \u2018Method for biological assessment of watercourses in Belgium\u2019, Hydrobiologia 100, 153\u2013168.","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"8221_CR16","unstructured":"De Pauw, N. and Vannevel, R.: 1991, Macroinvertebrates and Water Quality, Stichting Leefmilieu. Dossier No 11, Antwerp, p. 316 (in Dutch)."},{"key":"8221_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(02)00260-0","volume":"160","author":"T. D'heygere","year":"2003","unstructured":"D'heygere, T., Goethals, P. L. M. and De Pauw, N.: 2003, \u2018Use of genetic algorithms to select input variables in decision tree models for the prediction of benthic macroinvertebrates\u2019, Ecol. Model. 160, 291\u2013300.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"8221_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D'heygere, T., Goethals, P. L. M. and De Pauw, N.: in press, \u2018Genetic algorithms for optimisation of predictive ecosystems models based on decision trees and neural networks\u2019, Ecol. Model.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2005.11.005"},{"key":"8221_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02309007","volume":"2","author":"Y. Dimopoulos","year":"1995","unstructured":"Dimopoulos, Y., Bourret, P. and Lek, S.: 1995, \u2018Use of some sensitivity criteria for choosing networks with good generalization ability\u2019, Neural Process. Lett. 2, 1\u20134.","journal-title":"Neural Process. Lett."},{"key":"8221_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(99)00099-X","volume":"120","author":"I. Dimopoulos","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dimopoulos, I., Chronopoulos, J., Chronopoulou Sereli, A. and Lek, S.: 1999, \u2018Neural network models to study relationships between lead concentration in grasses and permanent urban descriptors in Athens city (Greece)\u2019, Ecol. Model. 120, 157\u2013165.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"8221_CR21","unstructured":"EU: 2000, Directive of the European Parliament and of the council 2000\/60\/EC Establishing a Framework for Community Action in the Field of Water Policy, European Union. The European Parliament. The Council. PE-CONS 3639\/1\/00 REV 1 EN."},{"key":"8221_CR22","first-page":"1936","volume":"25","author":"A. P. Fontoura","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fontoura, A. P. and De Pauw, N.: 1994, \u2018Microhabitat preference of stream macrobenthos and its significance in water quality assessment\u2019, Verh. Int. Verein. Limnol. 25, 1936\u20131940.","journal-title":"Verh. Int. Verein. Limnol."},{"key":"8221_CR23","unstructured":"Gabriels, W., Dedecker, A., Goethals, P. L. M., Lek, S. and De Pauw, N.: in press, \u2018Analysing and predicting the effect of river pollution on macrobenthos communities in Flanders (Belgium) using a stepwise input variable selection procedure in combination with artificial neural networks\u2019, Aquat. Ecol."},{"key":"8221_CR24","first-page":"47","volume":"6","author":"G. D. Garson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Garson, G. D.: 1991, \u2018Interpreting neural-network connection weights\u2019, Artif. Intell. Expert 6, 47\u201351.","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Expert"},{"key":"8221_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(02)00257-0","volume":"160","author":"M. Gevrey","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gevrey, M., Dimopoulos, I. and Lek, S.: 2003, \u2018Review and comparison of methods to study the contribution of variables in artificial neural network models\u2019, Ecol. Model. 160, 249\u2013264.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"issue":"1","key":"8221_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4081\/jlimnol.2001.s1.7","volume":"60","author":"P. L. M. Goethals","year":"2001","unstructured":"Goethals, P. L. M. and De Pauw, N.: 2001, \u2018Development of a concept for integrated ecological river assessment in Flanders, Belgium\u2019, J. Limnol. 60(1), 7\u201316.","journal-title":"J. Limnol."},{"key":"8221_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1038\/34899","volume":"391","author":"J. F. Gu\u00e9gan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gu\u00e9gan, J. F., Lek, S. and Oberdorff, T.: 1998, \u2018Energy availability and habitat heterogeneity predict global riverine fish diversity\u2019, Nature 391, 382\u2013384.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"8221_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/0954-1810(94)00011-S","volume":"9","author":"A. T. C. Goh","year":"1995","unstructured":"Goh, A. T. C.: 1995, \u2018Back-propagation neural networks for modelling complex systems\u2019, Artif. Intell. Eng. 9, 143\u2013151.","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Eng."},{"key":"8221_CR29","volume-title":"Biological Indicators of Water Quality","author":"H. A. Hawkes","year":"1979","unstructured":"Hawkes, H. A.: 1979, \u2018Invertebrates as Indicators of River Water Quality\u2019, in A. James and L. Evinson (eds), Biological Indicators of Water Quality, Wiley, New York."},{"key":"8221_CR30","first-page":"271","volume-title":"The Scientific Management of Animal and Plant Communities for Conservation","author":"H. A. Hawkes","year":"1971","unstructured":"Hawkes, H. A. and Davies, L. J.: 1971, \u2018Some Effects of Organic Enrichment on Benthic Invertebrate Communities in Stream Riffles\u2019, in: E. Duffey and A. Watt (eds), The Scientific Management of Animal and Plant Communities for Conservation, Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 271\u2013299."},{"key":"8221_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(01)00306-4","volume":"146","author":"H. Hoang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hoang, H., Recknagel, F., Marshall, J. and Choy, S.: 2001, \u2018Predictive modelling of macroinvertebrate assemblages for stream habitat assessments in Queensland (Australia)\u2019, Ecol. Model. 146, 195\u2013206.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"8221_CR32","unstructured":"IBN: 1984, (in Dutch and French) Norme Belge T 92\u2013402. Biological Water Quality: Determination of the Biotic Index Based on Aquatic Macroinvertebrates, Institut Belge de Normalisation."},{"key":"8221_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1080\/10807039709383737","volume":"3","author":"J. R. Karr","year":"1997","unstructured":"Karr, J. R. and Chu, E. W.: 1997, \u2018Biological monitoring: Essential foundations for ecological risk assessment\u2019, Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 3, 933\u20131004.","journal-title":"Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess."},{"key":"8221_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016363718037","volume":"78","author":"D. J. Klemm","year":"2002","unstructured":"Klemm, D. J., Blocksom, K. A., Thoeny, W. T., Fulk, F. A., Herlihy, A. T., Kaufmann, P. R. and Cormier, S. M.: 2002, \u2018Methods development and use of macroinvertebrates as indicators of ecological conditions for streams in the mid-atlantic highlands region\u2019, Environ. Monit. Assess. 78, 169\u2013212.","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"8221_CR35","unstructured":"Klemm, D. J., Lewis, P. A., Fulk, F. and Lazorchak, J. M.: 1990, Macroinvertebrate Field and Laboratory Methods for Evaluating the Biological Integrity of Surface Waters, EPA.600\/4-90\/030, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Office of Modeling, Monitoring Systems, and Quality Assurance, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH."},{"key":"8221_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1071\/MF9951229","volume":"46","author":"S. Lek","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lek, S., Belaud, A., Dimopoulos, I., Lauga, J. and Moreau, J.: 1995, \u2018Improved estimation, using neural networks, of the food consumption of fish populations\u2019, Marine Freshw. Res. 46, 1229\u20131236.","journal-title":"Marine Freshw. Res."},{"key":"8221_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1051\/alr:1996004","volume":"9","author":"S. Lek","year":"1996a","unstructured":"Lek, S., Belaud, A., Baran, P., Dimopoulos, I. and Delacoste, M.: 1996a, \u2018Role of some environmental variables in trout abundance models using neural networks\u2019, Aquat. Living Resour. 9, 23\u201329.","journal-title":"Aquat. Living Resour."},{"key":"8221_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3800(95)00142-5","volume":"90","author":"S. Lek","year":"1996b","unstructured":"Lek, S., Delacoste, M., Baran, P., Dimopoulos, I., Lauga, J. and Aulagnier, S.: 1996b, \u2018Application of neural networks to modelling nonlinear relationships in ecology\u2019, Ecol. Model. 90, 39\u201352.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"8221_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(99)00092-7","volume":"120","author":"S. Lek","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lek, S. and Gu\u00e9gan, J. F.: 1999, \u2018Artificial neural networks as a tool in ecological modelling, an introduction\u2019, Ecol. Model. 120, 65\u201373.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"issue":"2","key":"8221_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00218-4","volume":"36","author":"C. MacNeil","year":"2002","unstructured":"MacNeil, C., Dick, J. T. A., Bigsby, E., Elwood, R. W., Montgomery, W. I., Gibbins, C. N. and Kelly, D.W.: 2002, \u2018The validity of the Gammarus:Asellus ratio as an index of organic pollution: Abiotic and biotic influences\u2019, Water Res. 36(2), 75\u201384.","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"8221_CR41","first-page":"1415","volume":"28","author":"J. Marshall","year":"2002","unstructured":"Marshall, J., Hoang, H., Choy, S. and Recknagel, F.: 2002, \u2018Relationships between habitat properties and the occurrence of macroinvertebrates in Queensland streams (Australia) discovered by a sensitivity analysis with artificial neural networks\u2019, Verh. Int. Verein. Limnol. 28, 1415\u20131419.","journal-title":"Verh. Int. Verein. Limnol."},{"key":"8221_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2427.1997.00209.x","volume":"38","author":"S. Mastrorillo","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mastrorillo, S., Lek, S., Dauba, F. and Belaud, A.: 1997, \u2018The use of artificial neural networks to predict the presence of small-bodied fish in a river\u2019, Freshw. Biol. 38, 237\u2013246.","journal-title":"Freshw. Biol."},{"key":"8221_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.2307\/1468029","volume":"16","author":"J. L. Meyer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Meyer, J. L.: 1997, \u2018Stream health: Incorporating the human dimension to advance stream ecology\u2019, J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 16, 439\u2013447.","journal-title":"J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc."},{"key":"8221_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(02)00064-9","volume":"154","author":"J. D. Olden","year":"2002","unstructured":"Olden, J. D. and Jackson, D. A.: 2002, \u2018Illuminating the \u201cblack box\u201d: A randomization approach for understanding variable contributions in artificial neural networks\u2019, Ecol. Model. 154, 135\u2013150.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"8221_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(02)00258-2","volume":"160","author":"Y. S. Park","year":"2003a","unstructured":"Park, Y. S., C\u00e9r\u00e9ghino, R., Compin, A. and Lek, S.: 2003a, \u2018Applications of artificial neural networks for patterning and predicting aquatic insect species richness in running waters\u2019, Ecol. Model. 160, 265\u2013280.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"8221_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(01)00302-7","volume":"146","author":"Y. S. Park","year":"2001","unstructured":"Park, Y. S., Kwak, I. S., Chon, T. S., Kim, J. K. and Jorgensen, S. E.: 2001, \u2018Implementation of artificial neural networks in patterning and prediction of exergy in response to temporal dynamics of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in streams\u2019, Ecol. Model. 146, 143\u2013157.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"8221_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, Y. S., Verdonschot, P. F. M., Chon, T. S. and Lek, S.: 2003b, \u2018Patterning and predicting aquatic macroinvertebrate diversities using artificial neural network' Water Res. 37, 1749\u20131758.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(02)00557-2"},{"key":"8221_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2307\/3543290","volume":"29","author":"C. F. Rabeni","year":"1977","unstructured":"Rabeni, C. F. and Minshall, G. W.: 1977, \u2018Factors affecting microdistribution of stream benthic insects\u2019, Oikos 29, 33\u201343.","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"8221_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02394715","volume":"14","author":"S. R. Reice","year":"1990","unstructured":"Reice, S. R., Wissmar, R. C. and Naiman, R. J.: 1990, \u2018Disturbance regimes, resilience, and recovery of animal communities and habitats in lotic ecosystems\u2019, Environ. Manage. 14, 647\u2013659.","journal-title":"Environ. Manage."},{"key":"8221_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.2307\/1467300","volume":"7","author":"V. H. Rech","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rech, V. H., Brown, A. V., Covich, A. P., Gurtz, M. E., Li, H. W., Minschall, G. W., Reice, S. R., Sheldon, A. L., Wallace, J. B. and Wissmar, R.: 1988, \u2018The role of disturbance in stream ecology\u2019, J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 7, 433\u2013455.","journal-title":"J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc."},{"key":"8221_CR51","volume-title":"Freshwater Monitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates","author":"D. M. Rosenberg","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rosenberg, D. M. and Resh, V. H.: 1993, Freshwater Monitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates, Chapman & Hall, New York."},{"key":"8221_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1038\/323533a0","volume":"323","author":"D. E. Rumelhart","year":"1986","unstructured":"Rumelhart, D. E., Hinton, G. E. and Williams, R. J.: 1986, \u2018Learning representations by back-propagation errors\u2019, Nature 323, 533\u2013536.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"8221_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(99)00103-9","volume":"120","author":"M. Scardi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Scardi, M. and Harding, L. W.: 1999, \u2018Developing an empirical model of phytoplankton primary production: A neural network case study\u2019, Ecol. Model. 120(2\u20133), 213\u2013223.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"8221_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(99)00108-8","volume":"120","author":"I. M. Schleiter","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schleiter, I. M., Borchardt, D., Wagner, R., Dapper, T., Schmidt, K. D., Schmidt, H. H. and Werner, H.: 1999, \u2018Modelling water quality, bioindication and population dynamics in lotic ecosystems using neural networks\u2019, Ecol. Model. 120(2\u20133), 271\u2013286.","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"8221_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011433529239","volume":"35","author":"I. M. Schleiter","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schleiter, I. M., Obach, M., Borchardt, D. and Werner, H.: 2001, \u2018Bioindication of chemical and hydromorphological habitat characteristics with benthic macro-invertebrates based on artificial neural networks\u2019, Aquat. Ecol. 35, 147\u2013158.","journal-title":"Aquat. Ecol."},{"key":"8221_CR56","unstructured":"Steenbergen, H. A.: 1993, Macrofauna-atlas of North Holland: Distribution Maps and Responses to Environmental Factors of Aquatic Invertebrates, Haarlem, 651 pp."},{"key":"8221_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.2307\/1468142","volume":"16","author":"C. R. Townsend","year":"1997","unstructured":"Townsend, C. R., Scarsbrook, M. R. and Dol\u00e9dec, S.: 1997, \u2018Quantifying disturbance in streams: Alternative measures of disturbance in relation to macroinvertebrate species traits and species richness\u2019, J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 16, 531\u2013544.","journal-title":"J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc."},{"key":"8221_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017047022207","volume":"422\u2013423","author":"R. Wagner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wagner, R., Dapper, T. and Schmidt, H. H.: 2000, \u2018The influence of environmental variables on the abundance of aquatic insects: A comparison of ordination and artificial neural networks\u2019, Hydrobiologia 422\u2013423, 143\u2013152.","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"8221_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(97)00274-1","volume":"32","author":"W. J. Walley","year":"1998","unstructured":"Walley, W. J. and Fontama, V. N.: 1998, \u2018Neural network predictors of average score per taxon and number of families at unpolluted river sites in Great Britain\u2019, Water Res. 32(3), 613\u2013622.","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"8221_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wesenberg-Lund, C.: 1939 (reprint 1982), Biologie der S\u00fcsswassertiere. Wirbellose Tiere, Julius Springer, Wien, Cramer, Braunschweig, Koeltz, Koenigstein.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-9810-0"},{"key":"8221_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whitehead, P. G., Howard, A. and Arulmani, C.: 1997, \u2018Modelling algal growth and transport in rivers. A comparison of time series anlaysis, dynamic mass balance and neural network techniques\u2019, Hydrobiologia 349, 39\u201346.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1003089310834"},{"key":"8221_CR62","unstructured":"Whitehurst, I. T.: 1988, \u2018Factors Affecting the Gammarus to Asellus Ratio in Unpolluted and Polluted Waters\u2019, PhD Thesis, Brighton Polytechnic, Brighton, U.K."},{"issue":"5","key":"8221_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(90)90195-C","volume":"24","author":"I. T. Whitehurst","year":"1990","unstructured":"Whitehurst, I. T. and Lindsey, B. I.: 1990, \u2018Impact of organic enrichment on the benthic macroinvertebrate communities of a lowland river\u2019, Water Res. 24(5), 625\u2013630.","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"8221_CR64","unstructured":"Witten, I. H. and Frank, E.: 2000, Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques with Java Implementations, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, pp. 369."},{"key":"8221_CR65","first-page":"843","volume":"14","author":"J. Yao","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yao, J., Teng, N., Poh, H. L. and Tan, C. L.: 1998, \u2018Forecasting and analysis of marketing data using neural networks\u2019, J. Inform. Sci. Eng. 14, 843\u2013862.","journal-title":"J. Inform. Sci. Eng."}],"container-title":["Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10661-005-8221-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10661-005-8221-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10661-005-8221-6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,11]],"date-time":"2020-04-11T06:03:25Z","timestamp":1586585005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10661-005-8221-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8221"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-005-8221-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-6369","1573-2959"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-6369","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2959","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}}}