{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:57:24Z","timestamp":1787587044426,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663113600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Monit Assess"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-022-10386-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T02:02:27Z","timestamp":1663120947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Spatial water quality assessment of a mountain stream in northwestern India using multivariate statistical techniques"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"194","author":[{"given":"Ravinder","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vandana","family":"Dutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Raina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6196-9160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neeraj","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"10386_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s40710-018-0297-4","volume":"5","author":"N Adimalla","year":"2018","unstructured":"Adimalla, N., Li, P., & Venkatayogi, S. (2018). Hydrogeochemical evaluation of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes and integrated interpretation with water quality index studies. Environmental Processes, 5, 363\u2013383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40710-018-0297-4","journal-title":"Environmental Processes"},{"issue":"16","key":"10386_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20537","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-11818-5","volume":"28","author":"WA Ahsan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahsan, W. A., Ahmad, H. R., & Farooqi, Z. U. R. (2021). Surface water quality assessment of Skardu springs using water quality index. Environment Science and Pollution Research, 28(16), 20537\u201320548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-020-11818-5","journal-title":"Environment Science and Pollution Research"},{"key":"10386_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2015.01.082","volume":"523","author":"L Ali","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ali, L., Shi, Z. H., Yin, W., & Huang, X. (2015). Spatial and seasonal patterns in stream water contamination across mountainous watersheds: Linkage with landscape characteristics. Journal of Hydrology, 523, 398\u2013408.","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology"},{"key":"10386_CR4","unstructured":"Allan, J. D., & Castillo, M. M. (2007). Stream ecology: Structure and function of running waters. Springer Science & Business Media. 2nd edition."},{"key":"10386_CR5","volume-title":"Standards methods for the examination of water and waste water","author":"APHA","year":"2012","unstructured":"APHA. (2012). Standards methods for the examination of water and waste water (22nd ed.). American Public Health Association.","edition":"22"},{"issue":"3","key":"10386_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-022-09788-x","volume":"194","author":"MY Arafat","year":"2022","unstructured":"Arafat, M. Y., Bakhtiyar, Y., Mir, Z. A., & Islam, S. T. (2022). Assessment of physicochemical parameters of Vishav stream: An important tributary of river Jhelum, Kashmir Himalaya,\u00a0India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 194(3), 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-022-09788-x","journal-title":"India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40068-018-0113-1","volume":"7","author":"NK Asare-Donkor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Asare-Donkor, N. K., Ofosu, J. O., & Adimado, A. A. (2018). Hydrochemical characteristics of surface water and ecological risk assessment of sediments from settlements within the Birim River basin in Ghana. Environmental Systems Research, 7(1), 1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40068-018-0113-1","journal-title":"Environmental Systems Research"},{"key":"10386_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04141","volume":"438","author":"TP Barnett","year":"2005","unstructured":"Barnett, T. P., Adam, J. C., & Lettenmaier, D. P. (2005). Potential impacts of a warming climate on water availability in snow-dominated regions. Nature, 438, 303\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature04141","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10386_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/724728","volume":"724728","author":"SA Bhat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bhat, S. A., & Pandit, A. K. (2014). Surface water quality assessment of Wular Lake, a Ramsar site in Kashmir Himalaya, using discriminant analysis and WQI. Journal of Ecosystems, 724728, 1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/724728","journal-title":"Journal of Ecosystems"},{"issue":"11","key":"10386_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-021-05394-8","volume":"232","author":"SU Bhat","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bhat, S. U., Bhat, A. A., Jehangir, A., Hamid, A., Sabha, I., & Qayoom, U. (2021a). Water quality characterization of Marusudar River in Chenab sub-basin of North-Western Himalaya using multivariate statistical methods. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 232(11), 1\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11270-021-05394-8","journal-title":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution"},{"key":"10386_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bhat, S. U., Khanday, S. A., Islam, S. T., & Sabha, I. (2021b). Understanding the spatiotemporal pollution dynamics of highly fragile montane watersheds of Kashmir Himalaya, India. Environmental Pollution, 286.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117335"},{"issue":"9","key":"10386_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-018-6927-5","volume":"190","author":"A Bilgin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bilgin, A. (2018). Evaluation of surface water quality by using Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) method and discriminant analysis method: A case study Coruh River Basin. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 190(9), 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-018-6927-5","journal-title":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"key":"10386_CR13","unstructured":"BIS-10500. (2012). Indian standard drinking water specifications. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi."},{"key":"10386_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bouslah, S., Djemili, L., & Houichi, L. (2017). Water quality index assessment of Koudiat Medouar Reservoir, northeast Algeria using weighted arithmetic index method. Journal of Water and Land Development, 35(X-XII), 221\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jwld-2017-0087","DOI":"10.1515\/jwld-2017-0087"},{"key":"10386_CR15","unstructured":"Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). (2001). Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life, CCME Water Quality Index 1.0, user\u2019s manual, Publication No. 1299; ISBN 1\u2013896997\u201334\u20131."},{"key":"10386_CR16","unstructured":"Carr, G. M., & Neary, J. P. (2008). Water quality for ecosystem and human health. UNEP\/Earthprint."},{"key":"10386_CR17","unstructured":"Census of India. (2011). District census handbook Doda. Directorate of Census Operations Jammu & Kashmir."},{"key":"10386_CR18","unstructured":"CGWB (Central Ground Water Board). (2014). Ministry of water resources; Ground water information booklet of Doda District, Jammu & Kashmir. North western Himalayan Region."},{"issue":"2","key":"10386_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s00254-005-1287-1","volume":"48","author":"GJ Chakrapani","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chakrapani, G. J. (2005). Major and trace element geochemistry in upper Ganga river in the Himalayas,\u00a0India. Environmental Geology, 48(2), 189\u2013201.","journal-title":"India. Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10386_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chandel, V. S., & Ghosh, S. (2021). Components of Himalayan river flows in a changing climate. Water Resources Research, 57(2), e2020WR027589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2020WR027589","DOI":"10.1029\/2020WR027589"},{"key":"10386_CR21","unstructured":"Chandra, R., Bahadur, Y., & Sharma, B. K. (2000). Studies on physic-chemical parameters of Shankha River at Bareilly. In: Pollution and biomonitoring of Indian rivers. (Ed. R. K. Trivedy) ABD publishers, Jaipur India."},{"key":"10386_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.04.006","volume":"42","author":"H Chang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chang, H. (2008). Spatial analysis of water quality trends in the Han River basin, South Korea. Water Research, 42, 3285\u20133304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2008.04.006","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10386_CR23","unstructured":"Chitale, S. V. (1974). Discharge measurement - Technology and data analysis, hydraulics of alluvial streams, Central Board of Irrigation and Power, a Status Report Number 3, New Delhi, 13\u201324."},{"key":"10386_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cole, J. J., & Prairie, Y. T. (2009). Dissolved CO2. In: Gene E Likens, (Editor) Encyclopedia of inland waters, 2, 30\u201334. Oxford: Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012370626-3.00091-0"},{"issue":"19","key":"10386_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(02)00937-7","volume":"66","author":"T Dalai","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dalai, T., Krishnaswami, S., & Sarin, M. (2002). Major ion chemistry in the headwaters of the Yamuna river system. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 66(19), 3397\u20133416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0016-7037(02)00937-7","journal-title":"Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10386_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2018.04.027","volume":"167","author":"K de Mello","year":"2018","unstructured":"de Mello, K., Valente, R. A., Randhir, T. O., dos Santos, A. C. A., & Vettorazzi, C. A. (2018). Effects of land use and land cover on water quality of low-order streams in Southeastern Brazil: Watershed versus riparian zone. CATENA, 167, 130\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.catena.2018.04.027","journal-title":"CATENA"},{"key":"10386_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enmm.2020.100375","volume":"15","author":"D Dimri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dimri, D., Daverey, A., Kumar, A., & Sharma, A. (2021). Monitoring water quality of River Ganga using multivariate techniques and WQI (water quality index) in Western Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, India. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management, 15, 100375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.enmm.2020.100375","journal-title":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-021-09612-y","volume":"194","author":"V Dutt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dutt, V., & Sharma, N. (2022). Potable water quality assessment of traditionally used springs in a hilly town of Bhaderwah, Jammu and Kashmir,\u00a0India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 194(1), 1\u201320.","journal-title":"India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"key":"10386_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-195002000-00004","volume":"69","author":"FM Eaton","year":"1950","unstructured":"Eaton, F. M. (1950). Significance of carbonates in irrigation waters. Soil Science, 69, 123\u2013133.","journal-title":"Soil Science"},{"key":"10386_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2427.2009.02378.x","volume":"55","author":"KD Fausch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fausch, K. D., Baxter, C. V., & Murakami, M. (2010). Multiple stressors in north temperate streams: Lessons from linked forest-stream ecosystems in northern Japan. Freshwater Biology, 55, 120\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2427.2009.02378.x","journal-title":"Freshwater Biology"},{"issue":"5734","key":"10386_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1111772","volume":"309","author":"JA Foley","year":"2005","unstructured":"Foley, J. A., DeFries, R., Asner, G. P., Barford, C., Bonan, G., Carpenter, S. R., Chapin, F. S., Coe, M. T., Daily, G. C., & Gibbs, H. K. (2005). Global consequences of land use. Science, 309(5734), 570\u2013574.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10386_CR32","first-page":"719","volume":"9","author":"A Fotedar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fotedar, A., Loan, B. A., & Fotedar, B. K. (2010). Water quality assessment of the Chenab River, flowing from Pul Doda to Baggar (J&K State), for Domestic Use. Nature Environmental Pollution and Technology, 9(4), 719\u2013725.","journal-title":"Nature Environmental Pollution and Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10386_CR33","first-page":"61","volume":"4","author":"RK Garg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Garg, R. K., Rao, R. J., Uchchariya, D., Shukla, G., & Saksena, D. N. (2010). Seasonal variations in water quality and major threats to Ramsagar reservoir, India. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4(2), 61\u201376.","journal-title":"African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1080\/19475705.2020.1782482","volume":"11","author":"V Garg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garg, V., Aggarwal, S. P., & Chauhan, P. (2020). Changes in turbidity along Ganga River using Sentinel-2 satellite data during lockdown associated with COVID-19. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 11(1), 1175\u20131195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19475705.2020.1782482","journal-title":"Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk"},{"issue":"2467","key":"10386_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1038\/098448b0","volume":"170","author":"R Gibbs","year":"1970","unstructured":"Gibbs, R. (1970). Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry. Nature, 170(2467), 1088\u20131090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/098448b0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10386_CR36","first-page":"110059","volume-title":"Environmental pollution: Hazards and control","author":"RD Gupta","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gupta, R. D. (2006). Environmental pollution: Hazards and control (p. 110059). Concept publishing company."},{"key":"10386_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-020-00802","volume":"80","author":"M Haji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haji, M., Karuppannan, S., Qin, D., Shube, H., & Kawo, N. S. (2021). Potential human health risks due to groundwater fluoride contamination: A case study using multi-techniques approaches (GWQI, FPI, GIS, HHRA) in Bilate River Basin of Southern Main Ethiopian Rift, Ethiopia. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 80, 277\u2013293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00244-020-00802","journal-title":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology"},{"issue":"34","key":"10386_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42582","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-10060-3","volume":"27","author":"MM Haque","year":"2020","unstructured":"Haque, M. M., Niloy, N. M., Nayna, O. K., Fatema, K. J., Quraishi, S. B., Park, J. H., Kim, K. W., & Tareq, S. M. (2020). Variability of water quality and metal pollution index in the Ganges River. Bangladesh. Environmental Science Pollution Research, 27(34), 42582\u201342599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-020-10060-3","journal-title":"Bangladesh. Environmental Science Pollution Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-5986(93)90004-3","volume":"4","author":"R Herschy","year":"1993","unstructured":"Herschy, R. (1993). The velocity-area method. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 4(1), 7\u201310.","journal-title":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation"},{"key":"10386_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gsd.2020.100523","volume":"12","author":"MF Howladar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Howladar, M. F., Chakma, E., Koley, N. J., Islam, S., Al Numanbakth, M. A., Ahmed, Z., & Akter, S. (2021). The water quality and pollution sources assessment of Surma River, Bangladesh using, hydrochemical, multivariate statistical and water quality index methods. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 12, 100523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gsd.2020.100523","journal-title":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development"},{"key":"10386_CR41","unstructured":"I.C.M.R. (1975). Manuals of standards of quality for drinking water supplies. I.C.M.R, New Delhi."},{"key":"10386_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1183188","volume":"328","author":"WW Immerzeel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Immerzeel, W. W., van Beek, L. P. H., & Bierkens, M. F. P. (2010). Climate change will affect the Asian water towers. Science, 328, 1382\u20131385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1183188","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10386_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00327-X","volume":"36","author":"CK Jain","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jain, C. K. (2002). A hydro-chemical study of a mountainous watershed: The Ganga, India. Water Research, 36, 1262\u20131274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00327-X","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10386_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.31018\/jans.v11i2.2066","volume":"11","author":"KD Jamwal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jamwal, K. D., & Slathia, D. (2019). Geospatial mapping and drinking water quality status of fluoride endemic hilly District Doda (J&K), India. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 11(2), 410\u2013423.","journal-title":"Journal of Applied and Natural Science"},{"key":"10386_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2009.04.016","volume":"90","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jiang, Y. (2009). China\u2019s water scarcity. Journal of Environmental Management, 90, 3185\u20133196.","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"10386_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/w12040950","volume":"12","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiang, Y., Gui, H., Yu, H., Wang, M., Fang, H., Wang, C., Chen, C., Zhang, Y., & Huang, Y. (2020). Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality evaluation of rivers in different regions of cities: A case study of Suzhou City in Northern Anhui Province,\u00a0China. Water, 12(4), 1\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/w12040950","journal-title":"China. Water"},{"key":"10386_CR47","unstructured":"Kaushik, S., & Saksena, D. N. (1999). Physico-chemical limnology of certain water bodies of central India. Pages 1\u201358. In Vijaykumar, K. Ed. Freshwater ecosystem of India. Daya Publishing House, Delhi-110035. pp 1\u2013336."},{"key":"10386_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-196306000-00003","volume":"95","author":"WP Kelly","year":"1963","unstructured":"Kelly, W. P. (1963). Use of saline irrigation water. Soil Science, 95, 355\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00010694-196306000-00003","journal-title":"Soil Science"},{"key":"10386_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s40899-016-0046-7","volume":"2","author":"GK Khadse","year":"2016","unstructured":"Khadse, G. K., Patni, P. M., & Labhasetwar, P. K. (2016). Water quality assessment of Chenab River and its tributaries in Jammu Kashmir (India) based on WQI. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 2, 121\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40899-016-0046-7","journal-title":"Sustainable Water Resources Management"},{"issue":"11","key":"10386_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-017-6288-5","volume":"189","author":"AL Khandare","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khandare, A. L., Gourineni, S. R., & Validandi, V. (2017). Dental fluorosis, nutritional status, kidney damage, and thyroid function along with bone metabolic indicators in school-going children living in fluoride affected hilly areas of Doda district, Jammu and Kashmir,\u00a0India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 189(11), 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-017-6288-5","journal-title":"India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"key":"10386_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104853","volume":"196","author":"SA Khanday","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khanday, S. A., Bhat, S. U., Islam, S. T., & Sabha, I. (2021). Identifying lithogenic and anthropogenic factors responsible for spatio-seasonal patterns and quality evaluation of snow melt waters of the River Jhelum Basin in Kashmir Himalaya. CATENA, 196, 104853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.catena.2020.104853","journal-title":"CATENA"},{"key":"10386_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1080\/21553769.2014.933716","volume":"8","author":"N Khatri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khatri, N., & Tyagi, S. (2015). Influences of natural and anthropogenic factors on surface and groundwater quality in rural and urban areas. Frontiers in Life Science, 8, 23\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21553769.2014.933716","journal-title":"Frontiers in Life Science"},{"key":"10386_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42837","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-13711-1","volume":"28","author":"A Kumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumar, A., Matta, G., & Bhatnagar, S. (2021). A coherent approach of water quality indices and multivariate statistical models to estimate the water quality and pollution source apportionment of River Ganga System in Himalayan region, Uttarakhand, India. Environmenatl Science Pollution and Research, 28, 42837\u201342852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-021-13711-1","journal-title":"Environmenatl Science Pollution and Research"},{"issue":"104462","key":"10386_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2019.104462","volume":"26","author":"R Kumar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kumar, R., Raina, A., & Sharma, N. (2019). Dataset on water quality characteristics of a hill stream in Bhaderwah,\u00a0Jammu and Kashmir. Data in Brief, 26(104462), 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dib.2019.104462","journal-title":"Jammu and Kashmir. Data in Brief"},{"key":"10386_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kumar, R., Sharma, N., & Raina, A. K. (2017). Ion chromatographic analysis of heavy metals from a glacial fed cold water Himalayan stream, Bhaderwah, J&K. India. Environment Conservation Journal, 18(3), 157\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36953\/ECJ.2017.18320","DOI":"10.36953\/ECJ.2017.18320"},{"key":"10386_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kumar, R., Sharma, N., & Raina, A. K. (2018). Ion chroma-tography of major anions in the Neeru stream, Bhaderwah, J&K. India. Environment Conservation Journal, 19(3), 17\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36953\/ECJ.2018.19302","DOI":"10.36953\/ECJ.2018.19302"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wat2.1260","volume":"5","author":"A Lintern","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lintern, A., Webb, J. A., Ryu, D., Liu, S., Bende-Michl, U., Waters, D., Leahy, P., Wilson, P., & Western, A. W. (2018). Key factors influencing differences in stream water quality across space. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, 5(1), e1260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wat2.1260","journal-title":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245525","volume":"16","author":"J Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu, J., Zhang, D., Tang, Q., Xu, H., Huang, S., Shang, D., & Liu, R. (2021). Water quality assessment and source identification of the Shuangji River (China) using multivariate statistical methods. PLoS ONE, 16(1), e0245525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0245525","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13201-019-1133-3","volume":"10","author":"A Lkr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lkr, A., Singh, M. R., & Puro, N. (2020). Assessment of water quality status of Doyang River, Nagaland, India, using water quality index. Applied Water Science, 10(1), 1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13201-019-1133-3","journal-title":"Applied Water Science"},{"key":"10386_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2019.04.078","volume":"145","author":"KMA Luis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Luis, K. M. A., Rheuban, J. E., Kavanaugh, M. T., Glover, D. M., Wei, J., Lee, Z., & Doney, S. C. (2019). Capturing coastal water clarity variability with Landsat 8. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 145, 96\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2019.04.078","journal-title":"Marine Pollution Bulletin"},{"key":"10386_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2018.06.074","volume":"564","author":"J Mainali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mainali, J., & Chang, H. (2018). Landscape and anthropogenic factors affecting spatial patterns of water quality trends in a large river basin, South Korea. Journal of Hydrology, 564, 26\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2018.06.074","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10386_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1007\/s13201-017-0532-6","volume":"7","author":"RN Malik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Malik, R. N., & Hashmi, M. Z. (2017). Multivariate statistical techniques for the evaluation of surface water quality of the Himalayan foothills streams,\u00a0Pakistan. Applied Water Science, 7(6), 2817\u20132830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13201-017-0532-6","journal-title":"Pakistan. Applied Water Science"},{"issue":"19","key":"10386_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12517-020-05999-z","volume":"13","author":"G Matta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Matta, G., Kumar, A., Nayak, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, A., & Tiwari, A. K. (2020). Determination of water quality of Ganga River System in Himalayan region, referencing indexing techniques. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 13(19), 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12517-020-05999-z","journal-title":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.005","volume":"63","author":"MF McCarthy","year":"2004","unstructured":"McCarthy, M. F. (2004). Should we restrict chloride rather than sodium? Medical Hypotheses, 63(1), 138\u2013148.","journal-title":"Medical Hypotheses"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13201-019-0900-5","volume":"9","author":"CN Mgbenu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mgbenu, C. N., & Egbueri, J. C. (2019). The hydrogeochemical signatures, quality indices and health risk assessment of water resources in Umunya district, southeast Nigeria. Applied Water Science, 9(1), 1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13201-019-0900-5","journal-title":"Applied Water Science"},{"key":"10386_CR66","unstructured":"Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC). (2015). Primary water quality criteria for bathing purposes. Government of India, New Delhi."},{"issue":"7","key":"10386_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-016-5429-6","volume":"188","author":"RA Mir","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mir, R. A., Jeelani, G., & Dar, F. A. (2016). Spatio-temporal patterns and factors controlling the hydrogeochemistry of the river Jhelum basin,\u00a0Kashmir Himalaya. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 188(7), 1\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-016-5429-6","journal-title":"Kashmir Himalaya. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"key":"10386_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2019.07.017","volume":"6","author":"AA Mohammadi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mohammadi, A. A., Zarei, A., Majidi, S., Ghaderpoury, A., Hashempour, Y., Saghi, M. H., Alinejad, A., Yousefi, M., Hosseingholizadeh, N., & Ghaderpoori, M. (2019). Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of heavy metals in drinking water of Khorramabad,\u00a0Iran. MethodsX, 6, 1642\u20131651.","journal-title":"Iran. Methodsx"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e01123","volume":"5","author":"IC Nnorom","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nnorom, I. C., Ewuzie, U., & Eze, S. O. (2019). Multivariate statistical approach and water quality assessment of natural springs and other drinking water sources in Southeastern Nigeria. Heliyon, 5(1), e01123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e01123","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10386_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1089\/ees.2008.0360","volume":"26","author":"R Noori","year":"2009","unstructured":"Noori, R., Karbassi, A. R., Farokhnia, A., & Dehghani, M. (2009). Predicting the longitudinal dispersion coefficient using support vector machine and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system techniques. Environmental Engineering Science, 26, 1503\u20131510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ees.2008.0360","journal-title":"Environmental Engineering Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"10386_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.6088\/ijes.2013030500013","volume":"3","author":"V Patel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Patel, V., & Parikh, P. (2013). Assessment of seasonal variation in water quality of River Mini, at Sindhrot,\u00a0Vadodara. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 3(5), 1424\u20131436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6088\/ijes.2013030500013","journal-title":"Vadodara. International Journal of Environmental Sciences"},{"key":"10386_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-015-4811-y","volume":"75","author":"R Paudyal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Paudyal, R., Kang, S., Sharma, C. M., Tripathee, L., Huang, J., Rupakheti, D., & Sillanpaa, M. (2016). Major ions and trace elements of two selected rivers near Everest region, southern Himalayas,\u00a0Nepal. Environmental Earth Sciences, 75, 46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12665-015-4811-y","journal-title":"Nepal. Environmental Earth Sciences"},{"key":"10386_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1029\/TR025i006p00914","volume":"25","author":"AM Piper","year":"1944","unstructured":"Piper, A. M. (1944). A graphical procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water analysis. Am Geophys Union Trans, 25, 914\u2013928.","journal-title":"Am Geophys Union Trans"},{"issue":"6","key":"10386_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2007.10.011","volume":"34","author":"L Prathumratana","year":"2008","unstructured":"Prathumratana, L., Sthiannopkao, S., & Kim, K. W. (2008). The relationship of climatic and hydrological parameters to surface water quality in the lower Mekong River. Environmental International, 34(6), 860\u2013866. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2007.10.011","journal-title":"Environmental International"},{"key":"10386_CR75","unstructured":"Raghunath, H. M. (1987). Groundwater 2nd edn Wiley Eastern Ltd New Delhi, pp. 563."},{"key":"10386_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.2343\/geochemj.34.295","volume":"34","author":"R Ramesh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ramesh, R., Ramanathan, A., Ramesh, S., Purvaja, R., & Subramanian, V. (2000). Distribution of rare earth elements and heavy metals in the surficial sediments of the Himalayan river system. Geochemical Journal, 34, 295\u2013319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2343\/geochemj.34.295","journal-title":"Geochemical Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10386_CR77","first-page":"1","volume":"77","author":"R RamyaPriya","year":"2018","unstructured":"RamyaPriya, R., & Elango, L. (2018). Evaluation of geogenic and anthropogenic impacts on spatio-temporal variation in quality of surface water and groundwater along Cauvery River,\u00a0India. Environmental Earth Sciences, 77(2), 1\u201317.","journal-title":"India. Environmental Earth Sciences"},{"key":"10386_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richards, L. A. (1954). Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils. U.S Department of Agriculture Hand-book, 60, 160.","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-195408000-00012"},{"key":"10386_CR79","volume-title":"Chemistry of sanitary engineers","author":"GN Sawyer","year":"1967","unstructured":"Sawyer, G. N., & McCarthy, D. L. (1967). Chemistry of sanitary engineers (2nd ed.). McGraw Hill.","edition":"2"},{"issue":"4","key":"10386_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03326185","volume":"7","author":"K Sekabira","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sekabira, K., Origa, H. O., Basamba, T. A., Mutumba, G., & Kakudidi, E. (2010). Heavy metal assessment and water quality values in urban stream and rain water. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 7(4), 759\u2013770.","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10386_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wri.2017.02.002","volume":"17","author":"S Selvakumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Selvakumar, S., Chandrasekar, N., & Kumar, G. (2017). Hydrogeochemical characteristics and groundwater contamination in the rapid urban development areas of Coimbatore, India. Water Resources and Industry, 17, 26\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wri.2017.02.002","journal-title":"Water Resources and Industry"},{"key":"10386_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s13201-014-0213-7","volume":"6","author":"R Seth","year":"2016","unstructured":"Seth, R., Mohan, M., Singh, P., Singh, R., Dobhal, R., Singh, K. P., & Gupta, S. (2016). Water quality evaluation of Himalayan Rivers of Kumaun region, Uttarakhand, India. Applied Water Science, 6, 137\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13201-014-0213-7","journal-title":"Applied Water Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"10386_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13201-021-01504-3","volume":"11","author":"R Setia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Setia, R., Lamba, S., Chander, S., Kumar, V., Singh, R., Litoria, P. K., Singh, R. P., & Pateriya, B. (2021). Spatio-temporal variations in water quality, hydrochemistry and its controlling factors in a perennial river in India. Applied Water Science, 11(11), 1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13201-021-01504-3","journal-title":"Applied Water Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"10386_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12517-018-3556-9","volume":"11","author":"BB Sharma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sharma, B. B., & Sarma, H. P. (2018). Assessment of heavy metal pollution in a Himalayan river using multivariate statistical tools: A case study of the Kameng River in Arunachal Pradesh,\u00a0India. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 11(12), 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12517-018-3556-9","journal-title":"India. Arabian Journal of Geosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s43832-021-00005-3","volume":"1","author":"G Sharma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharma, G., Lata, R., Thakur, N., Bajala, V., Kuniyal, J. C., & Kumar, K. (2021). Application of multivariate statistical analysis and water quality index for quality characterization of Parbati River, Northwestern Himalaya,\u00a0India. Discover Water, 1(1), 1\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43832-021-00005-3","journal-title":"India. Discover Water"},{"key":"10386_CR86","unstructured":"Sharma, S. K. (1981). Peterological studies of south eastern part of Kaplas Granite Masif Doda District, Kashmir Himalayas. Ph. D thesis. University of Jammu, Jammu."},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1080\/23570008.2021.1897741","volume":"35","author":"TR Sharma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharma, T. R., & Ravichandran, C. (2021). Appraisal of seasonal variations in water quality of river Cauvery using multivariate analysis. Water Science, 35(1), 49\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23570008.2021.1897741","journal-title":"Water Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"10386_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13201-019-1045-2","volume":"9","author":"S Shil","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shil, S., Singh, U. K., & Mehta, P. (2019). Water quality assessment of a tropical river using water quality index (WQI), multivariate statistical techniques and GIS. Applied Water Science, 9(7), 1\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13201-019-1045-2","journal-title":"Applied Water Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10386_CR89","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"N Shrivastava","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shrivastava, N., Mishra, D. D., Mishra, P. K., & Bajpai, A. (2013). Water quality deterioration of Machna River due to sewage disposal, Betul, Madhya Pradesh, India. Journal of Environmental and Earth Science, 3(6), 1\u20135.","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental and Earth Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"10386_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-010-0625-0","volume":"62","author":"CK Singh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Singh, C. K., Shashtri, S., & Mukherjee, S. (2011). Integrating multivariate statistical analysis with GIS for geochemical assessment of groundwater quality in Shiwaliks of Punjab. India. Environmental Earth Sciences, 62(7), 1387\u20131405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12665-010-0625-0","journal-title":"India. Environmental Earth Sciences"},{"key":"10386_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singh, D. S. (2018). The Indian rivers: Scientific and socio-economic aspects, Springer Hydrogeology. Springer Singapore, Singapore. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-10-2984-4","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-2984-4"},{"key":"10386_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Slathia, D., & Jamwal, K. D. (2022). Water quality characterization and pollution source apportionment in the Himalayan river flowing through Jammu City, India, using multivariate statistical approach and geospatial techniques. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21147-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-21147-4"},{"key":"10386_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Solanki, V. R., Hussain, M. M., & Raja, S. S. (2010). Water quality assessment of Lake Pandu Bodhan Andhra Pradesh State India. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 163, 411\u2013419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-009-0844-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-009-0844-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR94","first-page":"325","volume":"2","author":"A Srivastava","year":"2011","unstructured":"Srivastava, A., & Srivastava, S. (2011). Assessment of Physico-Chemical properties and sewage pollution indicator bacteria in surface water of River Gomti in Uttar Pradesh. International Journal of Environmental Science, 2(1), 325\u2013336.","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Science"},{"key":"10386_CR95","unstructured":"Szabolcs, I., & Darab, C. (1964). The influence of irrigation water of high sodium carbonate content of soils. In: Proceedings of 8th International Congress of ISSS, Trans, Vol II, 803\u2013812."},{"issue":"3","key":"10386_CR96","first-page":"499","volume":"104","author":"VC Thakur","year":"1995","unstructured":"Thakur, V. C., Rautela, P., & Jafaruddin, M. (1995). Normal faults in Panjal Thrust Zone in lesser Himalaya and between the Higher Himalaya Crystallines and Chamba sequence in Kashmir Himalayas, India. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, 104(3), 499\u2013508.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"7","key":"10386_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-022-10007-w","volume":"194","author":"NK Tiwari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tiwari, N. K., Das Gupta, S., Swain, H. S., Jha, D. N., Samanta, S., Manna, R. K., Das, A. K., & Das, B. K. (2022). Water quality assessment in the ecologically stressed lower and estuarine stretches of river Ganga using multivariate statistical tool. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 194(7), 1\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-022-10007-w","journal-title":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"key":"10386_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrh.2019.100612","volume":"24","author":"T Tsering","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tsering, T., Wahed, M. S. A., Iftekhar, S., & Sillanpaa, M. (2019). Major ion chemistry of the Teesta River in Sikkim Himalaya, India: Chemical weathering and assessment of water quality. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 24, 100612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrh.2019.100612","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies"},{"key":"10386_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2020.107218","volume":"122","author":"MdG Uddin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Uddin, Md. G., Nash, S., & Olbert, A. I. (2021). A review of water quality index models and their use for assessing surface water quality. Ecological Indicators, 122, 107218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecolind.2020.107218","journal-title":"Ecological Indicators"},{"key":"10386_CR100","unstructured":"USEPA. (1989). Risk assessment guidance for superfund. Vol. 1, human health evaluation manual (Part A). Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, DC."},{"key":"10386_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09440","volume":"467","author":"CJ Vorosmarty","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vorosmarty, C. J., McIntyre, P. B., Gessner, M. O., Dudgeon, D., Prusevich, A., Green, P., Glidden, S., Bunn, S. E., Sullivan, C. A., Liermann, C. R., & Davies, P. M. (2010). Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature, 467, 555\u2013561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature09440","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10386_CR102","unstructured":"Wadia, D. N. (1931). The syntexis of north western Himalayas. Its rocks tectonic and Orogeny. Records of the Geological Survey of India, 65(2), 189\u2013220."},{"issue":"301","key":"10386_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1963.10500845","volume":"58","author":"JH Ward","year":"1963","unstructured":"Ward, J. H. (1963). Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of American Statistical Association, 58(301), 236\u2013244.","journal-title":"Journal of American Statistical Association"},{"key":"10386_CR104","unstructured":"Wetzel, R. G. (2001). Limnology. Lake and river ecosystems. 3rd Ed. Academic Press, London."},{"key":"10386_CR105","unstructured":"WHO (2011). Guidelines for drinking water quality, 4th ed. Incorporating the First and Second Addenda, Vol.1 Recommendation, Geneva."},{"key":"10386_CR106","unstructured":"WHO (2012). Rapid assessment of drinking-water quality: a hand book for implementation. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization pp 58."},{"key":"10386_CR107","volume-title":"Guidelines for drinking water quality","author":"WHO","year":"2017","unstructured":"WHO. (2017). Guidelines for drinking water quality (4th ed.). World Health Organization.","edition":"4"},{"key":"10386_CR108","volume-title":"Developing drinking-water quality regulations and standards: General guidance with a special focus on countries with limited resources","author":"WHO","year":"2018","unstructured":"WHO. (2018). Developing drinking-water quality regulations and standards: General guidance with a special focus on countries with limited resources. World Health Organization."},{"key":"10386_CR109","unstructured":"Wilcox, L. V. (1955). Classification and use of irrigation waters. Circular number 969, United States Department of Agriculture Publication, Washington."},{"key":"10386_CR110","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2004). Guidelines for drinking-water quality. Vol. 1, Recommendations."},{"issue":"5","key":"10386_CR111","first-page":"111","volume":"4","author":"P Wotchoko","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wotchoko, P., Tita, M. A., Kouankap, N. G. D., Alice, M., Nkemnji, J. Z., Guedjeo, C. S., & Kamgang, K. V. (2016). Physico-chemical analysis of water quality of springs in Bafia-Muyuka, North-Eastern Flank of Mount Cameroon. American Journal of Water Resources, 4(5), 111\u2013120.","journal-title":"American Journal of Water Resources"},{"key":"10386_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaman, M., Shahid, S. A., & Heng, L. (2018). Irrigation water quality. Guideline for salinity assessment, mitigation and adaptation using nuclear and related techniques. Springer: 113\u2013131.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-96190-3_5"},{"key":"10386_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-1688.2007.00045.x","volume":"43","author":"RA Zampella","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zampella, R. A., Procopio, N. A., Lathrop, R. G., & Dow, C. L. (2007). Relationship of land-use\/land-cover patterns and surface-water quality in the Mullica river basin. Journal of American Water Resources Association, 43, 594\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1752-1688.2007.00045.x","journal-title":"Journal of American Water Resources Association"},{"issue":"8","key":"10386_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4151","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-014-3702-y","volume":"73","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Sillanpaa, M., Li, C., Guo, J., Qu, B., & Kang, S. (2015). River water quality across the Himalayan regions: Elemental concentrations in headwaters of Yarlung Tsangbo, Indus and Ganges River. Environmental Earth Sciences, 73(8), 4151\u20134163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12665-014-3702-y","journal-title":"Environmental Earth Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10386_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12403-021-00408-6","volume":"14","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Guo, Y., Wu, J., & Su, F. (2022). Surface water quality and health risk assessment in Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province (China). Exposure and Health, 14(1), 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12403-021-00408-6","journal-title":"Exposure and Health"}],"container-title":["Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10661-022-10386-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10661-022-10386-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10661-022-10386-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T08:13:44Z","timestamp":1668068024000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10661-022-10386-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"references-count":115,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10386"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-022-10386-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-6369","1573-2959"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-6369","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2959","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 January 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 August 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 September 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"785"}}