{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T01:45:51Z","timestamp":1768700751328,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Monit Assess"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-023-11097-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T14:06:14Z","timestamp":1679493974000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prevalence and molecular analysis of Cryptosporidium spp. collected from surface water"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"Rasoul","family":"Sharafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali Ahmad","family":"Aghapour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arash","family":"Aminpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"11097_CR1","unstructured":"Bartram, J., Thyssen, N., & Gowers, A., Pond, K., & Lack, T. (2002). Water and health in Europe: joint report from the European Environment Agency and the WHO Regional Office for Europe. WHO Regional Office Europe. Availabe at: https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjS2Pad7Or9AhVtxgIHHSvRBpgQFnoECBEQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euro.who.int%2F__data%2Fassets%2Fpdf_file%2F0007%2F98449%2FE76521.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0cmhqeeKWVrADN4to6J0V4"},{"issue":"4","key":"11097_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-017-5376-3","volume":"116","author":"R Berahmat","year":"2017","unstructured":"Berahmat, R., Spotin, A., Ahmadpour, E., Mahami-Oskouei, M., Rezamand, A., Aminisani, N., & Mikaeili-Galeh, T. (2017). Human cryptosporidiosis in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasitology Research, 116(4), 1111\u20131128.","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"11097_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2015.08.005","volume":"31","author":"PL Clode","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clode, P. L., Koh, W. H., & Thompson, R. A. (2015). Life without a host cell: what is Cryptosporidium? Trends in Parasitology, 31(12), 614\u2013624.","journal-title":"Trends in Parasitology"},{"key":"11097_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cunha, F. S., Peralta, R. H. S., & Peralta, J. M. (2019). New insights into the detection and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium with emphasis in Brazilian studies: A review. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S\u00e3o Paulo, 61, e28.","DOI":"10.1590\/s1678-9946201961028"},{"key":"11097_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daraei, H., Oliveri Conti, G., Sahlabadi, F., Thai, V. N., Gholipour, S., Turki, H., Fakhri, Y., Ferrante, M., Moradi, A., & Mousavi Khaneghah, A. (2021). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in water: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(8), 9498\u20139507.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-11261-6"},{"issue":"4","key":"11097_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2006.06.027","volume":"87","author":"AC Edwards","year":"2008","unstructured":"Edwards, A. C., Kay, D., McDonald, A. T., Francis, C., Watkins, J., Wilkinson, J., & Wyer, M. D. (2008). Farmyards, an overlooked source for highly contaminated runoff. Journal of Environmental Management, 87(4), 551\u2013559.","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"11097_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.09.004","volume":"126","author":"R Fayer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fayer, R. (2004). Cryptosporidium: a water-borne zoonotic parasite. Veterinary Parasitology, 126(1\u20132), 37\u201356.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"11097_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2017.12.002","volume":"56","author":"R Ghafari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ghafari, R., Rafiei, A., Tavalla, M., Choghakabodi, P. M., Nashibi, R., & Rafiei, R. (2018). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium species isolated from HIV\/AIDS patients in southwest of Iran. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 56, 39\u201344.","journal-title":"Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"11097_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-020-00278-9","volume":"48","author":"MM Haghi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Haghi, M. M., Khorshidvand, Z., Khazaei, S., Foroughi-Parvar, F., Sarmadian, H., Barati, N., & Ghasemikhah, R. (2020). Cryptosporidium animal species in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tropical Medicine and Health, 48(1), 1\u201315.","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine and Health"},{"key":"11097_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hassan, E. M., \u00d6rmeci, B., DeRosa, M. C., Dixon, B. R., Sattar, S. A., & Iqbal, A. (2021). A review of Cryptosporidium spp. and their detection in water. Water Science and Technology, 83(1), 1\u201325.","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2020.515"},{"issue":"1","key":"11097_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3704-4","volume":"12","author":"K Hatam-Nahavandi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hatam-Nahavandi, K., Ahmadpour, E., Carmena, D., Spotin, A., Bangoura, B., & Xiao, L. (2019). Cryptosporidium infections in terrestrial ungulates with focus on livestock: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasites & Vectors, 12(1), 1\u201323.","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"issue":"12","key":"11097_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1998.0500","volume":"38","author":"G Ionas","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ionas, G., Learmonth, J., Keys, E., & Brown, T. (1998). Distribution of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in natural water systems in New Zealand\u2014a nationwide survey. Water Science and Technology, 38(12), 57\u201360.","journal-title":"Water Science and Technology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"11097_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.12.005","volume":"177","author":"S Kar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kar, S., Gawlowska, S., Daugschies, A., & Bangoura, B. (2011). Quantitative comparison of different purification and detection methods for Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. Veterinary Parasitology, 177(3\u20134), 366\u2013370.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"11097_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.11.008","volume":"160","author":"A Keshavarz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Keshavarz, A., Haghighi, A., Athari, A., Kazemi, B., Abadi, A., & Mojarad, E. N. (2009). Prevalence and molecular characterization of bovine Cryptosporidium in Qazvin province,\u00a0Iran. Veterinary Parasitology, 160(3\u20134), 316\u2013318.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"11097_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koloren, Z., & Ayaz, E. (2016). Genotyping of Cryptosporidium spp. in environmental water in Turkey. Acta parasitologica, 61(4), 671\u2013679.","DOI":"10.1515\/ap-2016-0094"},{"issue":"3","key":"11097_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199407213310304","volume":"331","author":"WR Mac Kenzie","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mac Kenzie, W. R., Hoxie, N. J., Proctor, M. E., Gradus, M. S., Blair, K. A., Peterson, D. E., & Rose, J. B. (1994). A massive outbreak in Milwaukee of Cryptosporidium infection transmitted through the public water supply. New England Journal of Medicine, 331(3), 161\u2013167.","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"11097_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahmoudi, M. R., Bandepour, M., Kazemi, B., & Mirzaei, A.\u00a0(2017). Detection and enumeration of Cryptosporidium oocysts in environmental water samples by real-time PCR assay.\u00a0Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences, 4(3), 42\u201347.","DOI":"10.29252\/jbrms.4.3.42"},{"key":"11097_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahmoudi, M. R., Kazemi, B., Mohammadiha, A., Mirzaei, A., & Karanis, P. (2013). Detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia (oo) cysts by IFA,\u00a0PCR and LAMP in Surface Water from Rasht, Iran.\u00a0Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,\u00a0107(8), 511\u2013517.","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trt042"},{"key":"11097_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahmoudi, M. R., Mojarad, E., Kazemi, B., Haghighi, A., Mirzaei, A., Mohammadiha, A., Jahantab, S., Xiao, L., & Karanis, P. (2015). Cryptosporidium genotypes and subtypes distribution in river water in Iran. Journal of Water and Health, 13(2), 600\u2013606.","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2014.234"},{"key":"11097_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahmoudi, M., Tappeh, K. H., Abasi, E., & Aminpour, A. (2020). Utility of different diagnostic tools for detection of Cryptosporidium in children with diarrhea.\u00a0Archives of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 8(1).","DOI":"10.5812\/pedinfect.92033"},{"key":"11097_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahon, M., & Doyle, S. (2017). Waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in the south east of Ireland: weighing up the evidence. Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971-), 186(4), 989\u2013994.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-016-1552-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"11097_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.4.995-998.1998","volume":"36","author":"Morgan, f. U., Pallant, L., Dwyer,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Morgan, F. U., Pallant, L., Dwyer, B., Forbes, D., Rich, G., & Thompson, R. (1998). Comparison of PCR and microscopy for detection of Cryptosporidium parvum in human fecal specimens: clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 36(4), 995\u2013998.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"11097_CR23","unstructured":"Naeini, K. M., Asadi, M., & Chaleshtori, M. H. (2011). Detection and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium species in recreational waters of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiyari province of Iran using nested-PCR-RFLP.\u00a0Iranian Journal of Parasitology 6(1), 20."},{"key":"11097_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ong, C., Moorehead, W., Ross, A., & Isaac-Renton, J. (1996). Studies of Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. in two adjacent watersheds. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62(8), 2798\u20132805.","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.62.8.2798-2805.1996"},{"key":"11097_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2016.08.003","volume":"169","author":"G P\u00e9rez-Cord\u00f3n","year":"2016","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Cord\u00f3n, G., Robinson, G., Nader, J., & Chalmers, R. M. (2016). Discovery of new variable number tandem repeat loci in multiple Cryptosporidium parvum genomes for the surveillance and investigation of outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis. Experimental Parasitology, 169, 119\u2013128.","journal-title":"Experimental Parasitology"},{"issue":"5","key":"11097_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2018.681-686","volume":"11","author":"N Pumipuntu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pumipuntu, N., & Piratae, S. (2018). Cryptosporidiosis: a zoonotic disease concern. Veterinary World, 11(5), 681.","journal-title":"Veterinary World"},{"key":"11097_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104591","volume":"86","author":"M Rostami","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rostami, M., Fasihi-Harandi, M., Shafiei, R., Aspatwar, A., Derakhshan, F. K., & Raeghi, S. (2020). Genetic diversity analysis of blastocystis subtypes and their distribution among the domestic animals and pigeons in northwest of Iran. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 86, 104591.","journal-title":"Infection, Genetics and Evolution"},{"key":"11097_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rouhani, S., Raeghi, S., & Spotin, A. (2017). Spermatogenic and phylo-molecular characterizations of isolated Fasciola spp. from cattle, north west Iran. Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS, 20(4), 204\u2013209.","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2017.204.209"},{"key":"11097_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taghipour, A., Khazaei, S., Ghodsian, S., Shajarizadeh, M., Olfatifar, M., Foroutan, M., & Karanis, P. (2021). Global prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in cats: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Research in Veterinary Science.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2021.04.015"},{"key":"11097_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taghipour, A., Olfatifar, M., Bahadory, S., Godfrey, S. S., Abdoli, A., Khatami, A., & Shahrivar, F. (2020). The global prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in dogs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Veterinary Parasitology, 281, 109093.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109093"},{"issue":"1","key":"11097_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06047-1","volume":"21","author":"AG Tamomh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tamomh, A. G., Agena, A. M., Elamin, E., Suliman, M. A., Elmadani, M., Omara, A. B., & Musa, S. A. (2021). Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis among children with diarrhoea under five years admitted to Kosti teaching hospital, Kosti city,\u00a0Sudan. BMC Infectious Diseases, 21(1), 1\u20136.","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"11097_CR32","unstructured":"Vanathy, K., Parija, S. C., Mandal, J., Hamide, A., & Krishnamurthy, S. J. T. p. (2017). Cryptosporidiosis: A mini review. Tropical Parasitology, 7(2), 72\u201380."},{"issue":"1","key":"11097_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-019-5788-9","volume":"20","author":"Z Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu, Z., Guo, Y., Roellig, D. M., Feng, Y., & Xiao, L. (2019). Comparative analysis reveals conservation in genome organization among intestinal Cryptosporidium species and sequence divergence in potential secreted pathogenesis determinants among major human-infecting species. BMC Genomics, 20(1), 1\u201315.","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"11097_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, N., Yu, X., Zhang, H., Cui, L., Li, X., Zhang, X., & Wang, X. (2020). Prevalence and genotyping of Cryptosporidium parvum in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Journal of Cancer, 11(11), 3334.","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.42393"}],"container-title":["Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10661-023-11097-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10661-023-11097-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10661-023-11097-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T04:33:42Z","timestamp":1681360422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10661-023-11097-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["11097"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-023-11097-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-6369","1573-2959"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-6369","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2959","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 July 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (approval number: IR.UMSU.1399.223).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"499"}}