{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T18:22:16Z","timestamp":1770142936468,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Monit Assess"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-024-12787-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T04:02:03Z","timestamp":1718942523000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessment of spatial air quality on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia utilizing environmetric techniques"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"196","author":[{"given":"Mohd Suzairi","family":"Mohd Shafi\u2019i","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hafizan","family":"Juahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"12787_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ab. Rahman, E., Hamzah, F. M., Latif, M. T., & Dominick, D. (2022). Assessment of PM2.5 patterns in Malaysia using the clustering method. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 22(1), 210161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4209\/aaqr.210161","DOI":"10.4209\/aaqr.210161"},{"key":"12787_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abdul Latip, A. R., & Othman, N. (2021). A socio-economic transformation of the ECER-development programmes in enhancing the well-being of the people. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 17(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17576\/geo-2021-1703-12","DOI":"10.17576\/geo-2021-1703-12"},{"issue":"11","key":"12787_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos10110667","volume":"10","author":"S Abdullah","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abdullah, S., Ismail, M., Ahmed, A. N., & Abdullah, A. M. (2019). Forecasting particulate matter concentration using linear and non-linear approaches for air quality decision support. Atmosphere,10(11), 667. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/atmos10110667","journal-title":"Atmosphere"},{"issue":"2","key":"12787_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/s0013-9351(02)00059-2","volume":"92","author":"R Afroz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Afroz, R., Hassan, M. N., & Ibrahim, N. A. (2003). Review of air pollution and health impacts in Malaysia. Environmental Research,92(2), 71\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0013-9351(02)00059-2","journal-title":"Environmental Research"},{"issue":"18","key":"12787_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8657","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1900125116","volume":"116","author":"Z An","year":"2019","unstructured":"An, Z., Huang, R. J., Zhang, R., Tie, X., Li, G., Cao, J., & Ji, Y. (2019). Severe haze in northern China: A synergy of anthropogenic emissions and atmospheric processes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,116(18), 8657\u20138666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1900125116","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"12787_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s40030-020-00464-2","volume":"101","author":"RK Angatha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Angatha, R. K., & Mehar, A. (2020). Impact of traffic on carbon monoxide concentrations near urban road mid-blocks. Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series A,101(4), 713\u2013722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40030-020-00464-2","journal-title":"Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series A"},{"issue":"7","key":"12787_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4777","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-012-1451-6","volume":"20","author":"M Arhami","year":"2013","unstructured":"Arhami, M., Kamali, N., & Rajabi, M. M. (2013). Predicting hourly air pollutant levels using artificial neural networks coupled with uncertainty analysis by Monte Carlo simulations. Environmental Science and Pollution Research,20(7), 4777\u20134789. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-012-1451-6","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"12787_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-014-2063-1","volume":"225","author":"A Azid","year":"2014","unstructured":"Azid, A., Juahir, H., Toriman, M. E., Kamarudin, M. K. A., Saudi, A. S. M., Hasnam, C. N. C., Aziz, N. A. A., Azaman, F., Latif, M. T., Zainuddin, S. F. M., Osman, M. R., & Yamin, M. (2014). Prediction of the level of air pollution using principal component analysis and artificial neural network techniques: A case study in Malaysia. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution,225(8), 2063. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11270-014-2063-1","journal-title":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution"},{"issue":"2","key":"12787_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1954.tb00174.x","volume":"16","author":"MS Bartlett","year":"1954","unstructured":"Bartlett, M. S. (1954). A note on the multiplying factors for various \u03c72 approximations. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological),16(2), 296\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1954.tb00174.x","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological)"},{"issue":"8","key":"12787_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/s1364-8152(00)00060-8","volume":"15","author":"G Br\u016bmelis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Br\u016bmelis, G., Lapi\u0146a, L., Nikodemus, O., & Tabors, G. (2000). Use of an artificial model of monitoring data to aid interpretation of principal component analysis. Environmental Modelling & Software,15(8), 755\u2013763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1364-8152(00)00060-8","journal-title":"Environmental Modelling & Software"},{"key":"12787_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2020.06.011","author":"S \u00c7ak\u0131r","year":"2020","unstructured":"\u00c7ak\u0131r, S., & Sita, M. (2020). Evaluating the performance of ANN in predicting the concentrations of ambient air pollutants in Nicosia. Atmospheric Pollution Research. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apr.2020.06.011","journal-title":"Atmospheric Pollution Research"},{"key":"12787_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.06.004","volume":"60","author":"JJ Carbajal-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Carbajal-Hern\u00e1ndez, J. J., S\u00e1nchez-Fern\u00e1ndez, L. P., Carrasco-Ochoa, J. A., & Mart\u00ednez-Trinidad, J. F. (2012). Assessment and prediction of air quality using fuzzy logic and autoregressive models. Atmospheric Environment,60, 37\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.06.004","journal-title":"Atmospheric Environment"},{"issue":"8","key":"12787_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1080\/09640568.2018.1496071","volume":"62","author":"X Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen, X., & Ye, J. (2018). When the wind blows: Spatial spillover effects of urban air pollution in China. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management,62(8), 1359\u20131376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09640568.2018.1496071","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Planning and Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"12787_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212206","volume":"14","author":"YSJ Chin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chin, Y. S. J., De Pretto, L., Thuppil, V., & Ashfold, M. J. (2019). Public awareness and support for environmental protection\u2014A focus on air pollution in peninsular Malaysia. PLoS ONE,14(3), e0212206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0212206","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"12787_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03650-9","volume":"11","author":"CH Cordova","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cordova, C. H., Portocarrero, M. N. L., Salas, R., Torres, R., Rodrigues, P. C., & L\u00f3pez-Gonzales, J. L. (2021). Air quality assessment and pollution forecasting using artificial neural networks in Metropolitan Lima-Peru. Scientific Reports,11(1), 24232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-03650-9","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"6","key":"12787_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.03.012","volume":"32","author":"L Curtis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Curtis, L., Rea, W., Smith-Willis, P., Fenyves, E., & Pan, Y. (2006). Adverse health effects of outdoor air pollutants. Environment International,32(6), 815\u2013830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2006.03.012","journal-title":"Environment International"},{"key":"12787_CR18","unstructured":"DOE. (2019). Environmental Quality Report 2018. In https:\/\/enviro2.doe.gov.my\/ekmc\/digital-content\/laporan-kualiti-alam-sekeliling-2018-environmental-quality-report-2018\/ (ISSN 2636\u20139834). Retrieved May 10, 2024, from https:\/\/www.doe.gov.my\/en\/environmental-quality-report\/"},{"key":"12787_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.06.021","volume":"60","author":"D Dominick","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dominick, D., Juahir, H., Latif, M. T., Zain, S. M., & Aris, A. Z. (2012). Spatial assessment of air quality patterns in Malaysia using multivariate analysis. Atmospheric Environment,60, 172\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.06.021","journal-title":"Atmospheric Environment"},{"key":"12787_CR20","unstructured":"Dongare, A. (2012). Introduction to artificial neural network. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/Introduction-to-Artificial-Neural-Network-Dongare-Kharde\/04d0b6952a4f0c7203577afc9476c2fcab2cba06.\u00a0Accessed 14 Feb 2024."},{"key":"12787_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/amr.726-731.1147","volume":"726\u2013731","author":"ZH Du","year":"2013","unstructured":"Du, Z. H. (2013). Indoor air quality assessment based on genetic artificial neural network. Advanced Materials Research,726\u2013731, 1147\u20131150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/amr.726-731.1147","journal-title":"Advanced Materials Research"},{"key":"12787_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2013.10.015","author":"BK Eder","year":"2014","unstructured":"Eder, B. K., Bash, J. O., Foley, K. M., & Pleim, J. (2014). Incorporating principal component analysis into air quality model evaluation. Atmospheric Environment. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2013.10.015","journal-title":"Atmospheric Environment"},{"key":"12787_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/e3sconf\/202343610005","volume":"436","author":"V Evagelopoulos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Evagelopoulos, V., Charisiou, N. D., & Begou, P. (2023). Fault detection of air quality measurements using artificial intelligence. E3S Web of Conferences,436, 10005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/e3sconf\/202343610005","journal-title":"E3S Web of Conferences"},{"key":"12787_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ferdinan, R., Margareta, K., Christyan, S., Anggreainy, M. S., & Kurniawan, A. (2023). Air pollution level prediction in Jakarta using artificial neural network. 2023 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Data Sciences (AiDAS). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/aidas60501.2023.10284671","DOI":"10.1109\/aidas60501.2023.10284671"},{"issue":"11","key":"12787_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos12111524","volume":"12","author":"A Fino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fino, A., Vichi, F., Leonardi, C., & Mukhopadhyay, K. (2021). An overview of experiences made and tools used to inform the public on ambient air quality. Atmosphere,12(11), 1524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/atmos12111524","journal-title":"Atmosphere"},{"key":"12787_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138533","volume":"726","author":"S Gao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gao, S., Zhao, H., Bai, Z., Han, B., Xu, J., Zhao, R., Zhang, N., Chen, L., Lei, X., Shi, W., Zhang, L., Li, P., and Yu, H. (2020). Combined use of principal component analysis and artificial neural network approach to improve estimates of PM2.5 personal exposure: A case study on older adults. Science of the Total Environment, 726, 138533. doi: 10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138533.","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"12787_CR27","unstructured":"Haslinda, Nurul Nabila Natasha, Sharifah Nadia, & Umi Amira. (2021). Air pollution assessment in Southern Peninsular Malaysia using environmetric analysis. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 25(821\u2013830)."},{"issue":"5","key":"12787_CR28","first-page":"966","volume":"19","author":"HA Isiyaka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Isiyaka, H. A., & Azid, A. (2015). Air quality pattern assessment in Malaysia using multivariate techniques. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences,19(5), 966\u2013978.","journal-title":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"12787_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.3923\/jest.2017.186.196","volume":"10","author":"AS Ismail","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ismail, A. S., Abdullah, A. M., & Samah, M. A. A. (2017). Environmetric study on air quality pattern for assessment in Northern region of Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of EnvironmentalScience and Technology,10(4), 186\u2013196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3923\/jest.2017.186.196","journal-title":"Journal of EnvironmentalScience and Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"12787_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1039\/b907306j","volume":"12","author":"H Juahir","year":"2010","unstructured":"Juahir, H., Zain, S. M., Aris, A. Z., Yusoff, M. K., & Mokhtar, M. B. (2010). Spatial assessment of Langat River water quality using chemometrics. Journal of Environmental Monitoring,12(1), 287\u2013295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/b907306j","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring"},{"issue":"3","key":"12787_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.17576\/jsm-2018-4703-06","volume":"47","author":"A Kean Hua","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kean Hua, A. (2018). Applied chemometric approach in identification sources of air quality pattern in Selangor, Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana, 47(3), 471\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17576\/jsm-2018-4703-06","journal-title":"Sains Malaysiana"},{"key":"12787_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2015.01.077","volume":"106","author":"MF Khan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khan, M. F., Latif, M. T., Lim, C. H., Amil, N., Jaafar, S. A., Dominick, D., & Tahir, N. M. (2015). Seasonal effect and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5. Atmospheric Environment,106, 178\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2015.01.077","journal-title":"Atmospheric Environment"},{"key":"12787_CR33","unstructured":"Kim, & Mueller. (1987). Introduction to factor analysis: What it is and how to do it. Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences Series. Saga University Press."},{"issue":"3","key":"12787_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10669-011-9340-y","volume":"31","author":"MT Latif","year":"2011","unstructured":"Latif, M. T., Azmi, S. Z., Noor, A. D. M., Ismail, A. S., Johny, Z., Idrus, S., & Mokhtar, M. B. (2011). The impact of urban growth on regional air quality surrounding the Langat River Basin, Malaysia. The Environmentalist,31(3), 315\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10669-011-9340-y","journal-title":"The Environmentalist"},{"issue":"4","key":"12787_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.11.008","volume":"43","author":"J Lau","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lau, J., Hung, W., & Cheung, C. (2009). Interpretation of air quality in relation to monitoring station\u2019s surroundings. Atmospheric Environment,43(4), 769\u2013777. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.11.008","journal-title":"Atmospheric Environment"},{"issue":"2","key":"12787_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1108\/15982681011075970","volume":"11","author":"A Leman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Leman, A., Omar, A., Jung, W., & Yusof, M. (2010). The development of an industrial air pollution monitoring system for safety and health enhancement and a sustainable work environment using QFD approach. Asian Journal on Quality,11(2), 165\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/15982681011075970","journal-title":"Asian Journal on Quality"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"12787_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/s0048-9697(02)00683-6","volume":"313","author":"CW Liu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Liu, C. W., Lin, K. H., & Kuo, Y. M. (2003). Application of factor analysis in the assessment of groundwater quality in a blackfoot disease area in Taiwan. Science of the Total Environment,313(1\u20133), 77\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0048-9697(02)00683-6","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"issue":"15\u201318","key":"12787_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pce.2004.09.027","volume":"29","author":"D Love","year":"2004","unstructured":"Love, D., Hallbauer, D., Amos, A., & Hranova, R. (2004). Factor analysis as a tool in groundwater quality management: Two southern African case studies. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts a\/B\/C,29(15\u201318), 1135\u20131143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pce.2004.09.027","journal-title":"Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts a\/B\/C"},{"issue":"6","key":"12787_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1007\/s10098-019-01709-w","volume":"21","author":"H Maleki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maleki, H., Sorooshian, A., Goudarzi, G., Baboli, Z., Tahmasebi Birgani, Y., & Rahmati, M. (2019). Air pollution prediction by using an artificial neural network model. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy,21(6), 1341\u20131352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10098-019-01709-w","journal-title":"Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"12787_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.33564\/ijeast.2023.v07i12.015","volume":"8","author":"S Martha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Martha, S., & Nuthana Priya, M. (2023). Role of statistics in artificial intelligence. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology,8(1), 96\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33564\/ijeast.2023.v07i12.015","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology"},{"key":"12787_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Molina, Velasco, Retama, & Zavala. (2019). Experience from integrated air quality management in the Mexico City metropolitan area and Singapore. Atmosphere, 10(9), 512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/atmos10090512","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos10090512"},{"key":"12787_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Munsif, R. (2021). Industrial Air Emission Pollution: Potential Sources and Sustainable Mitigation. https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/Industrial-Air-Emission-Pollution%3A-Potential-and-Munsif-Zubair\/28079c658a13c9d7c68c749991dc951d04f87956","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.93104"},{"key":"12787_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mutalib, S. A., & S. N., Juahir, H., Azid, A., Mohd Sharif, S., Latif, M. T., Aris, A. Z., \u2026 Dominick, D. (2013). Spatial and temporal air quality pattern recognition using environmetric techniques: A case study in Malaysia. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts,15(9), 1717. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c3em00161j","DOI":"10.1039\/c3em00161j"},{"issue":"10","key":"12787_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6385","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-014-3862-y","volume":"186","author":"S Pati","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pati, S., Dash, M. K., Mukherjee, C. K., Dash, B., & Pokhrel, S. (2014). Assessment of water quality using multivariate statistical techniques in the coastal region of Visakhapatnam, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,186(10), 6385\u20136402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-014-3862-y","journal-title":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"issue":"4","key":"12787_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.12911\/22998993\/64828","volume":"17","author":"M Pawul","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pawul, M., & \u015aliwka, M. (2016). Application of artificial neural networks for prediction of air pollution levels in environmental monitoring. Journal of Ecological Engineering,17(4), 190\u2013196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12911\/22998993\/64828","journal-title":"Journal of Ecological Engineering"},{"key":"12787_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosman, P. S., Samah, M. A. A., Yunus, K., & Hussain, M. R. M. (2019). Particulate matter (PM2.5) at construction site: A review. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8, 255\u2013259","DOI":"10.35940\/ijrte.D1052.1284S219"},{"key":"12787_CR47","unstructured":"Rumsey, D. J. (2011). Statistics For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons. http:\/\/books.google.ie\/books?id=kpMFklYskF8C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Statistics+For+Dummies+(For+Dummies+(Lifestyle))+2nd+Edition&hl=&cd=1&source=gbs_api.\u00a0Accessed 14 Feb 2024."},{"key":"12787_CR48","unstructured":"Sahrir, S., Abdullah, A. M., Ponrahono, Z., & Sharaai, A. H. (2019). Environmetric Study on Air Quality Pattern for Assessment in Klang Valley, Malaysia. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8(1S)."},{"key":"12787_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2018.05.084","volume":"171","author":"H Salehi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Salehi, H., & Burgue\u00f1o, R. (2018). Emerging artificial intelligence methods in structural engineering. Engineering Structures,171, 170\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2018.05.084","journal-title":"Engineering Structures"},{"issue":"11","key":"12787_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jash.2017.09.008","volume":"11","author":"E Sanidas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sanidas, E., Papadopoulos, D. P., Grassos, H., Velliou, M., Tsioufis, K., Barbetseas, J., & Papademetriou, V. (2017). Air pollution and arterial hypertension. A new risk factor is in the air. Journal of the American Society of Hypertension,11(11), 709\u2013715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jash.2017.09.008","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society of Hypertension"},{"issue":"10","key":"12787_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.4236\/jwarp.2012.410105","volume":"04","author":"A Sarkar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sarkar, A., & Kumar, R. (2012). Artificial Neural Networks for Event Based Rainfall-Runoff Modeling. Journal of Water Resource and Protection,04(10), 891\u2013897. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/jwarp.2012.410105","journal-title":"Journal of Water Resource and Protection"},{"issue":"4","key":"12787_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.2495\/ei-v2-n4-309-324","volume":"2","author":"J Sentian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sentian, J., Herman, F., Yih, C. Y., & Hian Wui, J. C. (2019). Long-term air pollution trend analysis in Malaysia. International Journal of Environmental Impacts: Management, Mitigation and Recovery,2(4), 309\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2495\/ei-v2-n4-309-324","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Impacts: Management, Mitigation and Recovery"},{"issue":"1","key":"12787_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81455-6","volume":"11","author":"SR Shams","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shams, S. R., Jahani, A., Kalantary, S., Moeinaddini, M., & Khorasani, N. (2021). Artificial intelligence accuracy assessment in NO2 concentration forecasting of metropolises air. Scientific Reports,11(1), 1805. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-81455-6","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"12787_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.15244\/pjoes\/143295","volume":"31","author":"A Shihab","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shihab, A. (2022). Identification of Air Pollution Sourcesand Temporal Assessment of Air Qualityat a Sector in Mosul City Using Principal Component Analysis. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies,31(3), 2223\u20132235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15244\/pjoes\/143295","journal-title":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies"},{"issue":"4","key":"12787_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2006.02.001","volume":"22","author":"S Shrestha","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shrestha, S., & Kazama, F. (2007). Assessment of surface water quality using multivariate statistical techniques: A case study of the Fuji River basin. Japan. Environmental Modelling & Software,22(4), 464\u2013475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envsoft.2006.02.001","journal-title":"Japan. Environmental Modelling & Software"},{"key":"12787_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Statistics for Environmental Science and Management. (2002). In Technometrics (Vol. 44, Issue 2, pp. 201\u2013201). Informa UK Limited. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1198\/tech.2002.s732","DOI":"10.1198\/tech.2002.s732"},{"key":"12787_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.05.153","volume":"601\u2013602","author":"NA Sulong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sulong, N. A., Latif, M. T., Khan, M. F., Amil, N., Ashfold, M. J., Wahab, M. I. A., & Sahani, M. (2017). Source apportionment and health risk assessment among specific age groups during haze and non-haze episodes in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Science of the Total Environment,601\u2013602, 556\u2013570. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.05.153","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"12787_CR58","unstructured":"Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., & Ullman, J. B. (2018). Using Multivariate Statistics. http:\/\/books.google.ie\/books?id=cev2swEACAAJ&dq=using+multivariate+statistick&hl=&cd=1&source=gbs_api.\u00a0Accessed 14 Feb 2024."},{"issue":"10","key":"12787_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos14101591","volume":"14","author":"Y Tian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tian, Y., Wang, Y., Han, Y., Che, H., Qi, X., Xu, Y., & Wei, C. (2023). Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Ozone Pollution and Resultant Increased Human Health Risks in Central China. Atmosphere,14(10), 1591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/atmos14101591","journal-title":"Atmosphere"},{"key":"12787_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.10.019","volume":"65","author":"WR Wan Mahiyuddin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wan Mahiyuddin, W. R., Sahani, M., Aripin, R., Latif, M. T., Thach, T. Q., & Wong, C. M. (2013). Short-term effects of daily air pollution on mortality. Atmospheric Environment,65, 69\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.10.019","journal-title":"Atmospheric Environment"},{"issue":"3","key":"12787_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00376-011-1167-4","volume":"29","author":"X Wei","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wei, X., Liu, Q., Lam, K. S., & Wang, T. (2012). Impact of precursor levels and global warming on peak ozone concentration in the Pearl River Delta Region of China. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,29(3), 635\u2013645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00376-011-1167-4","journal-title":"Advances in Atmospheric Sciences"},{"key":"12787_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zakaria, M., Mohd, D., Hassan, M. I., & Fairul. (2020). Case study of environmental impact analysis (EIA) exercise on the development of Gebeng Wind Farm Pahang, Malaysia. Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 12(1859\u20131865). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5373\/JARDCS\/V12I2\/S20201390","DOI":"10.5373\/JARDCS\/V12I2\/S20201390"},{"key":"12787_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.01.074","volume":"450\u2013451","author":"K Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang, K., & Batterman, S. (2013). Air pollution and health risks due to vehicle traffic. Science of the Total Environment,450\u2013451, 307\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.01.074","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"issue":"6","key":"12787_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4693","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-012-2897-1","volume":"185","author":"X Zhang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Jiang, H., & Zhang, Y. (2012). Spatial distribution and source identification of persistent pollutants in marine sediments of Hong Kong. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,185(6), 4693\u20134704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-012-2897-1","journal-title":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"issue":"3","key":"12787_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1080\/10835547.2011.12091311","volume":"33","author":"J Zurada","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zurada, J., Levitan, A., & Guan, J. (2011). A Comparison of Regression and Artificial Intelligence Methods in a Mass Appraisal Context. Journal of Real Estate Research,33(3), 349\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10835547.2011.12091311","journal-title":"Journal of Real Estate Research"}],"container-title":["Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10661-024-12787-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10661-024-12787-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10661-024-12787-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T09:47:34Z","timestamp":1732268854000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10661-024-12787-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["12787"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-024-12787-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-6369","1573-2959"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-6369","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2959","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 June 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 June 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"No ethics approval and consent to participate required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"No consent required for publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"640"}}