{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T08:47:35Z","timestamp":1785919655069,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010435","name":"Universidade Federal Fluminense","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010435","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Monit Assess"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study evaluates bioremediation using effective microorganisms (EM) to improve quality in the eutrophic Maric\u00e1 Lagoon (RJ, Brazil). The intervention, implemented in late 2021, consisted of the regular application of EM in one of the lagoon\u2019s main fluvial contributors: the Mumbuca-Ubatiba drainage basin. To evaluate bioremediation, physicochemical and biogeochemical variables were monitored in the water column and sediments from 2020 to 2023. Whereas the drainage basin was sampled monthly, the lagoon was sampled every 3\u00a0months. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations showed strong spatial variability in the system, reaching up to 2412\u00a0\u00b5M in the eastern margin (Mumbuca-Ubatiba)\u2014dominated by ammonium (&gt;\u200980% of DIN)\u2014and up to 234\u00a0\u00b5M in the western margin (S\u00e3o Bento channel), where nitrate predominated (&gt;\u200970%). Chlorophyll-a concentrations declined from 240\u00a0\u00b5g L\u207b\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    in 2020 to 11.44\u00a0\u00b5g L\u207b\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    in 2023 in Mumbuca-Ubatiba basin. Improvements associated with bioremediation were more evident in sedimentary variables in the lagoon. Total organic carbon decreased from 7.79% (2021) to 2.72% (2023), while total phosphorus showed an overall decreasing trend despite a peak of 2826\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u207b\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    in August 2023. The Trophic State Index (TSI) revealed a general improvement in water quality, with conditions shifting from hypereutrophic (TSI\u2009\u2265\u200959.1) and supereutrophic (58.2\u201359.0) to mesotrophic levels (53.2\u201355.7) in several stations. Despite improvements, persistent hypoxia (DO\u2009&lt;\u20092\u00a0mg.L\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and continuous high nutrient inputs indicate that bioremediation alone is insufficient to fully restore system conditions. These findings demonstrate that EM-based bioremediation should be integrated with broader environmental governance strategies for long-term effectiveness.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-026-15699-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T21:48:21Z","timestamp":1784929701000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Monitoring bioremediation of an impacted coastal lagoon through nature-based solutions: a case study of the Maric\u00e1 Lagoon (RJ, Brazil)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"198","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3259-2381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valquiria Maria","family":"de Carvalho Aguiar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Coutinho","family":"Abuchacra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz Freitas","family":"dos Santos Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"de Mattos Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana Aiko Takiguchi","family":"Senra da Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo Henrique","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena Bertges","family":"de Carvalho Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alcinei Rodrigues","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ant\u00f4nio Baptista","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"15699_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Akinnawo, S. O. (2023). Eutrophication: Causes, consequences, physical, chemical and biological techniques for mitigation strategies. Environmental Challenges. Elsevier B.V. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envc.2023.100733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envc.2023.100733"},{"key":"15699_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.165620","volume":"902","author":"L Amora-Nogueira","year":"2023","unstructured":"Amora-Nogueira, L., Smoak, J. M., Abuchacra, R. C., Carvalho, C., Ribeiro, F. C. A., Martins, K. C., et al. (2023). Linking centennial scale anthropogenic changes and sedimentary records as lessons for urban coastal management. Science of the Total Environment, 902, 165620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.165620","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"15699_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Amorim, R. M., Gaudie-Ley, L. W., Aguiar, M., Sant\u2019Anna, P. da S., Freitas, A. da S., Caetano, L. F., et al. (2025). The role of bioremediation in mitigating urban expansion impacts on coastal lagoons: A comparative study of Ara\u00e7atiba and Padre Lagoons,\u00a0Rio de Janeiro. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2025.118048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2025.118048"},{"key":"15699_CR4","volume-title":"Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater","author":"APHA (American Public Health Association), AWWA (American Water Works Association), & WEF (Water Environment Federation)","year":"2005","unstructured":"APHA (American Public Health Association), AWWA (American Water Works Association), & WEF (Water Environment Federation). (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (21st ed.). American Public Health Association.","edition":"21"},{"issue":"1","key":"15699_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-015-2606-5","volume":"778","author":"F Ara\u00fajo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ara\u00fajo, F., Becker, V., & Attayde, J. L. (2016). Shallow lake restoration and water quality management by the combined effects of polyaluminium chloride addition and benthivorous fish removal: A field mesocosm experiment. Hydrobiologia, 778(1), 243\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10750-015-2606-5","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"issue":"1200","key":"15699_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1039\/an9760100187","volume":"101","author":"KI Aspila","year":"1976","unstructured":"Aspila, K. I., Agemian, H., & Chau, A. S. Y. (1976). A semi-automated method for the determination of inorganic, organic and total phosphate in sediments. The Analyst, 101(1200), 187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/an9760100187","journal-title":"The Analyst"},{"key":"15699_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2018.09.051","volume":"100","author":"A Banerjee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Banerjee, A., Chakrabarty, M., Rakshit, N., Bhowmick, A. R., & Ray, S. (2019). Environmental factors as indicators of dissolved oxygen concentration and zooplankton abundance: Deep learning versus traditional regression approach. Ecological Indicators, 100, 99\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecolind.2018.09.051","journal-title":"Ecological Indicators"},{"issue":"11","key":"15699_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.261","volume":"26","author":"SJ Blott","year":"2001","unstructured":"Blott, S. J., & Pye, K. (2001). GRADISTAT: A grain size distribution and statistics package for the analysis of unconsolidated sediments. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 26(11), 1237\u20131248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/esp.261","journal-title":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms"},{"issue":"1","key":"15699_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00024907","volume":"170","author":"B Bostr\u00f6m","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bostr\u00f6m, B., Andersen, J. M., Fleischer, S., & Jansson, M. (1988). Exchange of phosphorus across the sediment-water interface. Hydrobiologia, 170(1), 229\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00024907","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"15699_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12900","volume":"98","author":"JE Byers","year":"2023","unstructured":"Byers, J. E., Blaze, J. A., Dodd, A. C., Hall, H. L., & Gribben, P. E. (2023). Exotic asphyxiation: Interactions between invasive species and hypoxia. Biological Reviews, 98(1), 150\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/brv.12900","journal-title":"Biological Reviews"},{"key":"15699_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rsma.2019.100672","volume":"29","author":"A Cabral","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cabral, A., Bercovich, M. V., & Fonseca, A. (2019). Implications of poor-regulated wastewater treatment systems in the water quality and nutrient fluxes of a subtropical coastal lagoon. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 29, Article 100672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rsma.2019.100672","journal-title":"Regional Studies in Marine Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"15699_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2005.50.5.1368","volume":"50","author":"S Chandra","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chandra, S., Vander Zanden, M. J., Heyvaert, A. C., Richards, B. C., Allen, B. C., & Goldman, C. R. (2005). The effects of cultural eutrophication on the coupling between pelagic primary producers and benthic consumers. Limnology and Oceanography, 50(5), 1368\u20131376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4319\/lo.2005.50.5.1368","journal-title":"Limnology and Oceanography"},{"issue":"2","key":"15699_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jembe.2004.11.004","volume":"316","author":"J Clavier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Clavier, J., Boucher, G., Chauvaud, L., Fichez, R., & Chifflet, S. (2005). Benthic response to ammonium pulses in a tropical lagoon: Implications for coastal environmental processes. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 316(2), 231\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jembe.2004.11.004","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology"},{"key":"15699_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marchem.2020.103806","volume":"223","author":"A Cravo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cravo, A., Rosa, A., Jacob, J., & Correia, C. (2020). Dissolved oxygen dynamics in Ria Formosa Lagoon (South Portugal) - A real time monitoring station observatory. Marine Chemistry, 223, Article 103806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marchem.2020.103806","journal-title":"Marine Chemistry"},{"key":"15699_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2013.07.058","volume":"60","author":"DGF Cunha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cunha, D. G. F., Calijuri, MdoC., & Lamparelli, M. C. (2013). A trophic state index for tropical\/subtropical reservoirs (TSItsr). Ecological Engineering, 60, 126\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2013.07.058","journal-title":"Ecological Engineering"},{"key":"15699_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/cft.2023.7","volume":"1","author":"M Dai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dai, M., Zhao, Y., Chai, F., Chen, M., Chen, N., Chen, Y., et al. (2023). Persistent eutrophication and hypoxia in the coastal ocean. Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures, 1, Article e19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/cft.2023.7","journal-title":"Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures"},{"key":"15699_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781439811382","volume-title":"Methods for the study of deep-sea sediments, their functioning and biodiversity","author":"R Danovaro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Danovaro, R. (2009). Methods for the study of deep-sea sediments, their functioning and biodiversity. CRC Press."},{"key":"15699_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.139292","volume":"732","author":"V Derolez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Derolez, V., Malet, N., Fiandrino, A., Lagarde, F., Richard, M., Ouisse, V., et al. (2020). Fifty years of ecological changes: Regime shifts and drivers in a coastal Mediterranean lagoon during oligotrophication. Science of the Total Environment, 732, Article 139292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.139292","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"issue":"24","key":"15699_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11243511","volume":"11","author":"RB Domingues","year":"2022","unstructured":"Domingues, R. B. (2022). Seasonal and spatial variability of phytoplankton primary production in a shallow temperate coastal lagoon (Ria Formosa, Portugal). Plants, 11(24), Article 3511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/plants11243511","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"15699_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.01.071","volume":"660","author":"R Dondajewska","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dondajewska, R., Kozak, A., Rosi\u0144ska, J., & Go\u0142dyn, R. (2019). Water quality and phytoplankton structure changes under the influence of effective microorganisms (EM) and barley straw \u2013 Lake restoration case study. Science of the Total Environment, 660, 1355\u20131366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.01.071","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"15699_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3354\/meps061183","volume":"61","author":"Q Dortch","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dortch, Q. (1990). The interaction between ammonium and nitrate uptake in phytoplankton. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 61, 183\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3354\/meps061183","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"issue":"2","key":"15699_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.3390\/hydrobiology2020027","volume":"2","author":"NM Dugener","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dugener, N. M., Weinke, A. D., Stone, I. P., & Biddanda, B. A. (2023). Recurringly hypoxic: Bottom water oxygen depletion is linked to temperature and precipitation in a Great Lakes estuary. Hydrobiology, 2(2), 410\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/hydrobiology2020027","journal-title":"Hydrobiology"},{"key":"15699_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.167911","volume":"907","author":"TM Edwards","year":"2024","unstructured":"Edwards, T. M., Puglis, H. J., Kent, D. B., Dur\u00e1n, J. L., Bradshaw, L. M., & Farag, A. M. (2024). Ammonia and aquatic ecosystems \u2013 A review of global sources, biogeochemical cycling, and effects on fish. Science of the Total Environment, 907, Article 167911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.167911","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"15699_CR24","first-page":"790","volume-title":"Fundamentos de limnologia","author":"FA Esteves","year":"2011","unstructured":"Esteves, F. A. (2011). Fundamentos de limnologia (3rd ed., p. 790). Interci\u00eancia.","edition":"3"},{"issue":"8","key":"15699_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1007\/s12237-024-01430-y","volume":"47","author":"A Ferguson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ferguson, A., Filippini, G., Potts, J., Bugnot, A. B., Johnston, E. L., Rao, S., et al. (2024). Benthic processes are an important indicator of eutrophication in intermittently open and closed lakes and lagoons. Estuaries and Coasts, 47(8), 2324\u20132340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12237-024-01430-y","journal-title":"Estuaries and Coasts"},{"key":"15699_CR26","unstructured":"Ferreira, V. L. D. (2017). A Influ\u00eancia Antr\u00f3pica na qualidade das \u00e1guas do Rio Ubatiba, Maric\u00e1-RJ niter\u00f3i 2017 (Monografia). Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter\u00f3i. Retrieved from https:\/\/app.homologacao.uff.br\/riuff\/handle\/1\/4179. Accessed\u00a029 May 2023."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"15699_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017559903404","volume":"450","author":"HL Golterman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Golterman, H. L. (2001). Phosphate release from anoxic sediments or \u2018what did Mortimer really write?\u2019 Hydrobiologia, 450(1\u20133), 99\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1017559903404","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"15699_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2005.12.011","volume":"27","author":"CC Gunnarsson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gunnarsson, C. C., & Petersen, C. M. (2007). Water hyacinths as a resource in agriculture and energy production: A literature review. Waste Management, 27(1), 117\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wasman.2005.12.011","journal-title":"Waste Management"},{"key":"15699_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2023.115949","volume":"199","author":"Z Hao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hao, Z., Qian, J., Zheng, F., Lin, B., Xu, M., Feng, W., & Zou, X. (2024). Human-influenced changes in pollution status and potential risk of sediment heavy metals in Xincun Bay, a typical lagoon of Hainan, China. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 199, Article 115949. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2023.115949","journal-title":"Marine Pollution Bulletin"},{"issue":"20","key":"15699_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5835","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-29-5835-2025","volume":"29","author":"J Huang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang, J., Borchardt, D., & Rode, M. (2025). Changes in water quality and ecosystem processes at extreme summer low flow of 2018 with high-frequency sensors. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 29(20), 5835\u20135849. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/hess-29-5835-2025","journal-title":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences"},{"issue":"7","key":"15699_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.2175\/106143011X12928814444493","volume":"83","author":"S Jechalke","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jechalke, S., Rosell, M., Vogt, C., & Richnow, H. H. (2011). Inhibition of nitrification by low oxygen concentrations in an aerated treatment pond system with biofilm promoting mats. Water Environment Research, 83(7), 622\u2013626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2175\/106143011X12928814444493","journal-title":"Water Environment Research"},{"key":"15699_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ji, M., Zhu, J., Zhu, R., Chen, J., & Wang, C. (2014). Experiments on the effects of dissolved oxygen on the free and immobilization effective microorganisms (EM) in treating polluted river water. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Material and Environmental Engineering (ICMAEE 2014) (Vol. 57, pp. 5\u20137). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2991\/icmaee-14.2014.38","DOI":"10.2991\/icmaee-14.2014.38"},{"key":"15699_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kendall, C., Doctor, D. H., & Young, M. B. (2014). Environmental isotope applications in hydrologic studies. In Treatise on geochemistry (pp. 273\u2013327). Elsevier. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00510-6","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00510-6"},{"key":"15699_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2014.06.013","volume":"95","author":"F Lananan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lananan, F., Abdul Hamid, S. H., Din, W. N. S., Ali, N., Khatoon, H., Jusoh, A., & Endut, A. (2014). Symbiotic bioremediation of aquaculture wastewater in reducing ammonia and phosphorus utilizing effective microorganism (EM-1) and microalgae (Chlorella sp.). International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 95, 127\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ibiod.2014.06.013","journal-title":"International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation"},{"issue":"2","key":"15699_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.12957\/jse.2019.43371","volume":"4","author":"L Laut","year":"2019","unstructured":"Laut, L., Alves Martins, M. V., Belart, P., Lorini, M. L., Clemente, I., Nogueira, L., et al. (2019). Organic compounds as proxies of the sedimentary environmental quality of the Maric\u00e1-Guarapina lagoon system (Se, Brazil). Journal of Sedimentary Environments, 4(2), 159\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12957\/jse.2019.43371","journal-title":"Journal of Sedimentary Environments"},{"issue":"1","key":"15699_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5380\/qeg.v15i0.93356","volume":"15","author":"L Laut","year":"2024","unstructured":"Laut, L., Pereira, K., Carelli, T., Belart, P., Da Silva, A. L. C., Martins, M. V. A., & Fontana, L. (2024). Foraminifera as indicators of environmental changes promoted by dredging in tidal channels from Maric\u00e1-Guarapina Lagoonal System, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Quaternary and Environmental Geosciences, 15(1), 1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5380\/qeg.v15i0.93356","journal-title":"Quaternary and Environmental Geosciences"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"15699_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2013.07.057","volume":"75","author":"M Lenzi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lenzi, M., Gennaro, P., Mercatali, I., Persia, E., Solari, D., & Porrello, S. (2013). Physico-chemical and nutrient variable stratifications in the water column and in macroalgal thalli as a result of high biomass mats in a non-tidal shallow-water lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 75(1\u20132), 98\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2013.07.057","journal-title":"Marine Pollution Bulletin"},{"key":"15699_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Leoni, S., Dominik, J., Cassin, D., Manf\u00e8, G., Tagliapietra, D., Acri, F., & Zonta, R. (2022). Sediment oxygen demand rate in a flow regulated lagoon (Venice, Italy). Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fenvs.2022.1000665","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2022.1000665"},{"issue":"2","key":"15699_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecohyd.2023.11.003","volume":"24","author":"K Lewicka-Rataj","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lewicka-Rataj, K., Heese, T., Piku\u0142a, K., & Arciszewski, M. (2024). The microbiological activity of lake sediments before and after application of EM (effective microorganisms). Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology, 24(2), 311\u2013320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecohyd.2023.11.003","journal-title":"Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology"},{"key":"15699_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.09.007","volume":"146","author":"Z Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Hu, J., Zhong, P., Zhang, X., Ning, J., Larsen, S. E., et al. (2018). Successful restoration of a tropical shallow eutrophic lake: Strong bottom-up but weak top-down effects recorded. Water Research, 146, 88\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2018.09.007","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"15699_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lobo, M., Loureiro, D., Nepomuceno, A., Alves, L., & Lamego, F. (2023). Phosphorus spatial distribution and mass balance in the Itaipu lagoon (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Ocean and Coastal Research, 71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/2675-2824071.21092ml","DOI":"10.1590\/2675-2824071.21092ml"},{"issue":"3","key":"15699_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s10452-015-9563-y","volume":"50","author":"M L\u00fcrling","year":"2016","unstructured":"L\u00fcrling, M., Waajen, G., & de Senerpont Domis, L. N. (2016). Evaluation of several end-of-pipe measures proposed to control cyanobacteria. Aquatic Ecology, 50(3), 499\u2013519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10452-015-9563-y","journal-title":"Aquatic Ecology"},{"key":"15699_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Malone, T. C., & Newton, A. (2020). The globalization of cultural eutrophication in the coastal ocean: Causes and consequences. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmars.2020.00670","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2020.00670"},{"issue":"11","key":"15699_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w12113002","volume":"12","author":"J Mazurkiewicz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mazurkiewicz, J., Mazur, A., Mazur, R., Chmielowski, K., Czeka\u0142a, W., & Janczak, D. (2020). The process of microbiological remediation of the polluted S\u0142oneczko reservoir in Poland: For reduction of water pollution and nutrients management. Water, 12(11), Article 3002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/w12113002","journal-title":"Water"},{"issue":"03","key":"15699_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.4172\/1948-5948.1000051","volume":"03","author":"S Monica","year":"2011","unstructured":"Monica, S., Karthik, L., Mythili, S., & Sathiavelu, A. (2011). Formulation of effective microbial consortia and its application for sewage treatment. Journal of Microbial & Biochemical Technology, 03(03), 51\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4172\/1948-5948.1000051","journal-title":"Journal of Microbial & Biochemical Technology"},{"key":"15699_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnc.2018.02.009","volume":"44","author":"A Newton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Newton, A., Brito, A. C., Icely, J. D., Derolez, V., Clara, I., Angus, S., et al. (2018). Assessing, quantifying and valuing the ecosystem services of coastal lagoons. Journal for Nature Conservation, 44, 50\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnc.2018.02.009","journal-title":"Journal for Nature Conservation"},{"issue":"1","key":"15699_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-38059-4","volume":"9","author":"M Olofsson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Olofsson, M., Robertson, E. K., Edler, L., Arneborg, L., Whitehouse, M. J., & Ploug, H. (2019). Nitrate and ammonium fluxes to diatoms and dinoflagellates at a single cell level in mixed field communities in the sea. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-38059-4","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"21","key":"15699_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.47068\/ctns.2022.v11i21.044","volume":"11","author":"F Ozkay","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ozkay, F., Tas, I., Ozkandan, H., Gunal, A. C., Yeter, T., Gorgisen, C., et al. (2022). Use of active microorganism in improving pond water quality: Case study of beytepe pond. Current Trends in Natural Sciences, 11(21), 399\u2013407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47068\/ctns.2022.v11i21.044","journal-title":"Current Trends in Natural Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"15699_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s11273-006-9017-3","volume":"15","author":"S Panigrahi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Panigrahi, S., Acharya, B. C., Panigrahy, R. C., Nayak, B. K., Banarjee, K., & Sarkar, S. K. (2007). Anthropogenic impact on water quality of Chilika lagoon RAMSAR site: A statistical approach. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 15(2), 113\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11273-006-9017-3","journal-title":"Wetlands Ecology and Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"15699_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.12.016","volume":"64","author":"AE Parker","year":"2012","unstructured":"Parker, A. E., Dugdale, R. C., & Wilkerson, F. P. (2012). Elevated ammonium concentrations from wastewater discharge depress primary productivity in the Sacramento River and the Northern San Francisco Estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 64(3), 574\u2013586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.12.016","journal-title":"Marine Pollution Bulletin"},{"issue":"12","key":"15699_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w15122270","volume":"15","author":"AC Pereira","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pereira, A. C., & Mulligan, C. N. (2023). Practices for eutrophic shallow lake water remediation and restoration: A critical literature review. Water, 15(12), Article 2270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/w15122270","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"15699_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsames.2025.105607","volume":"162","author":"K Pereira","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pereira, K., Camara, G., Belart, P., Fontana, L., Carelli, T., Sardinha, P., et al. (2025). Interannual variability of environmental parameters and their effects on the foraminiferal community in tropical costal lagoon: Maric\u00e1-Guarapina Lagoon System, Brazil. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 162, Article 105607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsames.2025.105607","journal-title":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences"},{"issue":"20","key":"15699_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w15203569","volume":"15","author":"M\u00c1 P\u00e9rez-Mart\u00edn","year":"2023","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Mart\u00edn, M. \u00c1. (2023). Understanding nutrient loads from catchment and eutrophication in a salt lagoon: The Mar Menor case. Water, 15(20), Article 3569. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/w15203569","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"15699_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Ruzafa, A., Campillo, S., Fern\u00e1ndez-Palacios, J. M., Garc\u00eda-Lacunza, A., Garc\u00eda-Oliva, M., Iba\u00f1ez, H., et al. (2019a). Long-term dynamic in nutrients, chlorophyll a, and water quality parameters in a coastal lagoon during a process of eutrophication for decades, a sudden break and a relatively rapid recovery. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6(FEB), 1\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmars.2019.00026","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2019.00026"},{"key":"15699_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Ruzafa, A., P\u00e9rez-Ruzafa, I. M., Newton, A., & Marcos, C. (2019b). Coastal lagoons: Environmental variability, ecosystem complexity, and goods and services uniformity. In Coasts and estuaries (pp. 253\u2013276). Elsevier. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-814003-1.00015-0","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814003-1.00015-0"},{"key":"15699_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pierri, B. D. S., Bol\u00edvar Ram\u00edrez, N. C., Matos, C. B. N. D. P., da Silva, V. A., Neves, C. V., & da Fonseca, E. M. (2023). The use of effective microorganisms changed the soil microbiota of canals in Maric\u00e1 city, Brazil. Acta Scientiarum - Biological Sciences, 45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4025\/actascibiolsci.v45i1.67690","DOI":"10.4025\/actascibiolsci.v45i1.67690"},{"issue":"0","key":"15699_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1003845516746","volume":"411","author":"RM Pinto-Coelho","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pinto-Coelho, R. M., & Barcelos Greco, M. K. (1999). The contribution of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and zooplankton to the internal cycling of phosphorus in the eutrophic Pampulha Reservoir, Brazil. Hydrobiologia, 411(0), 115\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1003845516746","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"15699_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rana, A., Pandey, R. K., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2019). Enzymology of the nitrogen cycle and bioremediation of toxic nitrogenous compounds. In Smart bioremediation technologies (pp. 45\u201361). Elsevier. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-818307-6.00003-2","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818307-6.00003-2"},{"key":"15699_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Romillac, N. (2019). Ammonification. In Encyclopedia of ecology (pp. 256\u2013263). Elsevier. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-409548-9.10889-9","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-409548-9.10889-9"},{"issue":"10","key":"15699_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e10935","volume":"8","author":"MA Rouf","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rouf, M. A., Islam, M. J., Roknuzzaman, M., Siddique, M. N., & Golder, M. R. (2022). Vertical profile of dissolved oxygen and associated water variables in the Pasur-Rupsha estuary of Bangladesh. Heliyon, 8(10), Article e10935. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e10935","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"15699_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s44147-021-00049-1","volume":"68","author":"SM Safwat","year":"2021","unstructured":"Safwat, S. M., & Matta, M. E. (2021). Environmental applications of effective microorganisms: A review of current knowledge and recommendations for future directions. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 68(1), Article 48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s44147-021-00049-1","journal-title":"Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences"},{"key":"15699_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Silvestre, C. P., Silva, A. L. C., Silva, M. A. M., Baptista Neto, J. A., & Vasconcelos, S. C. (2017). Geomorfologia, sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o, e processos atuantes na Lagoa de Maric\u00e1, Rio de Janeiro. Revista Brasileira de Geomorfologia, 18(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20502\/rbg.v18i2.1111","DOI":"10.20502\/rbg.v18i2.1111"},{"issue":"2\/2017","key":"15699_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.5601\/jelem.2016.21.2.1196","volume":"22","author":"M Sitarek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sitarek, M., Napi\u00f3rkowska-Krzebietke, A., Stawecki, K., Pyka, J., Sitarek, M., Mazur, R., et al. (2017). Application of effective microorganisms technology as a lake restoration tool - A case study of Muchawka Reservoir. Journal of Elementology, 22(2\/2017), 529\u2013543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5601\/jelem.2016.21.2.1196","journal-title":"Journal of Elementology"},{"issue":"1","key":"15699_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-012-1091-3","volume":"710","author":"M S\u00f8ndergaard","year":"2013","unstructured":"S\u00f8ndergaard, M., Bjerring, R., & Jeppesen, E. (2013). Persistent internal phosphorus loading during summer in shallow eutrophic lakes. Hydrobiologia, 710(1), 95\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10750-012-1091-3","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"15699_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s11157-008-9135-x","volume":"7","author":"J Srivastava","year":"2008","unstructured":"Srivastava, J., Gupta, A., & Chandra, H. (2008). Managing water quality with aquatic macrophytes. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio\/technology, 7(3), 255\u2013266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11157-008-9135-x","journal-title":"Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio\/technology"},{"key":"15699_CR66","unstructured":"Strickland, J. D. H., & Parsons, T. R. (1972). A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Bulletin of Fisheries Research Board of Canada."},{"key":"15699_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sun, J., Chen, X., Yu, J., Chen, Z., Liu, L., Yue, Y., et al. (2021). Deciphering historical water-quality changes recorded in sediments using eDNA. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fenvs.2021.669582","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2021.669582"},{"key":"15699_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.124732","volume":"380","author":"S Tang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tang, S., Gong, J., Li, J., Song, B., Cao, W., & Zhao, J. (2025). Nitrogen and phosphorus in water-sediment system of eutrophic lake amended with biochar-supported effective microorganisms: Temporal variation and remediation. Journal of Environmental Management, 380, Article 124732. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.124732","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"15699_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-22214-6","volume":"30","author":"M Teixeira","year":"2023","unstructured":"Teixeira, M., Cesar, R., Abessa, D., Siqueira, C., Louren\u00e7o, R., Vezzone, M., et al. (2023). Ecological risk assessment of metal and hydrocarbon pollution in sediments from an urban tropical estuary: Tijuca lagoon (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(1), 184\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-022-22214-6","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"15699_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.12957\/ric.2021.51768","volume":"11","author":"LM Toledo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Toledo, L. M., Wall, F. C. M., Obraczka, M., & de S. Salom\u00e3o, A. L. (2021). Panorama Do Sistema Lagunar De Maric\u00e1 \u2013 Rj: Indicadores De Saneamento Vs. Qualidade De \u00c1gua. Revista Internacional De Ci\u00eancias, 11(1), 6\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12957\/ric.2021.51768","journal-title":"Revista Internacional De Ci\u00eancias"},{"issue":"2","key":"15699_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e13266","volume":"9","author":"L Velmurugan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Velmurugan, L., & Pandian, K. D. (2023). Recycling of wet grinding industry effluent using effective Microorganisms\u2122 (EM). Heliyon, 9(2), Article e13266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e13266","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"4","key":"15699_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4515","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-10835-8","volume":"28","author":"M Vezzone","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vezzone, M., dos Anjos, R. M., Cesar, R. G., Muniz, M., Cardoso, R., Felizardo, J. P., et al. (2021). Using stable isotopes to discriminate anthropogenic impacts of the sedimentary organic matter pollution in the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon (RJ, Brazil). Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(4), 4515\u20134530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-020-10835-8","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research"},{"issue":"S1","key":"15699_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S105","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.956","volume":"18","author":"P Viaroli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Viaroli, P., Bartoli, M., Giordani, G., Naldi, M., Orfanidis, S., & Zaldivar, J. M. (2008). Community shifts, alternative stable states, biogeochemical controls and feedbacks in eutrophic coastal lagoons: A brief overview. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 18(S1), S105\u2013S117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aqc.956","journal-title":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems"},{"issue":"9","key":"15699_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02348-07","volume":"74","author":"SA Wakelin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wakelin, S. A., Colloff, M. J., & Kookana, R. S. (2008). Effect of wastewater treatment plant effluent on microbial function and community structure in the sediment of a freshwater stream with variable seasonal flow. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 74(9), 2659\u20132668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.02348-07","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"15699_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.124198","volume":"375","author":"W Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, W., Wang, H., & Zang, S. (2025). Purification mechanism of emergent aquatic plants on polluted water: A review. Journal of Environmental Management, 375, Article 124198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.124198","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"key":"15699_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.807-809.1304","volume":"807\u2013809","author":"WY Zhao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhao, W. Y., Yang, G. W., Chen, X. X., Yu, J. Y., & Ma, B. K. (2013). Study on integrated restoration technique for eutrophic artificial lakes. Advanced Materials Research, 807\u2013809, 1304\u20131310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.807-809.1304","journal-title":"Advanced Materials Research"}],"container-title":["Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10661-026-15699-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10661-026-15699-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10661-026-15699-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T08:09:10Z","timestamp":1785917350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10661-026-15699-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["15699"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-026-15699-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-2959"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-2959","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All authors have read, understood, and have complied as applicable with the statement on \u201cEthical responsibilities of Authors\u201d as found in the Instructions for Authors.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"874"}}