{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:44:41Z","timestamp":1791931481455,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Monit Assess"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    High-quality pollen measurements are essential for effective environmental monitoring and reliable public health forecasting. Automated pollen counters offer continuous, high-resolution observations that have the potential to reduce reliance on labour-intensive manual microscopy, but their performance must be evaluated against established methods. This study evaluates the performance of the SwisensPoleno Mars by comparing its daily and sub-daily pollen measurements of total pollen, and the two dominant airborne pollen types in Melbourne, grass and cypress, with those from a co-located Burkard Hirst-type spore trap at the University of Melbourne over the 92-day spring monitoring period in 2022. Data from the automated system showed a strong linear relationship with the co-located manual trap, with coefficients of determination (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) of 0.92 for total daily pollen counts, 0.92 for grass pollen, and 0.86 for cypress pollen. Grass pollen measurements, which are central to epidemic thunderstorm asthma (ETSA) risk forecasting in Victoria, showed particularly high correspondence, including consistent classification into low, moderate, and high operational thresholds. The SwisensPoleno Mars also reproduced expected diurnal variation in pollen concentrations, demonstrating its ability to capture short-term changes in airborne pollen levels. These results indicate that automated pollen counters can deliver reliable observations at both daily and sub-daily scales while substantially reducing labour demands. The strong performance of the automated system supports its use for routine pollen monitoring, its suitability for supplementing or replacing manual counting in Victoria and its value and suitability for applications that benefit from high temporal resolution, including ETSA risk forecasting.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-026-16017-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:45:43Z","timestamp":1791927943000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluating automated pollen monitoring for thunderstorm asthma and public health forecasting: a comparative study in Melbourne, Australia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"198","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3666-7240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edwin R.","family":"Lampugnani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usha","family":"Nattala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny","family":"Csutoros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kale","family":"Sniderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beau","family":"Picking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn M.","family":"Emmerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Graf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanick","family":"Zeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erny","family":"Niederberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ed","family":"Newbigin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"16017_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s10453-021-09724-5","volume":"40","author":"S Adamov","year":"2024","unstructured":"Adamov, S., Lemonis, N., Clot, B., Crouzy, B., Gehrig, R., Graber, M.-J., Sallin, C., & Tummon, F. (2024). On the measurement uncertainty of Hirst-type volumetric pollen and spore samplers. Aerobiologia, 40(1), 77\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10453-021-09724-5","journal-title":"Aerobiologia"},{"key":"16017_CR2","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2026). Asthma. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/chronic-respiratory-conditions\/asthma"},{"issue":"2","key":"16017_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E399","DOI":"10.1175\/BAMS-D-19-0140.1","volume":"102","author":"T Bannister","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bannister, T., Ebert, E. E., Williams, T., Douglas, P., Wain, A., Carroll, M., Silver, J., Newbigin, E., Lampugnani, E. R., Hughes, N., Looker, C., Mulvenna, V., Csutoros, D., Jones, P. J., Davies, J. M., Suphioglu, C., Beggs, P. J., Emmerson, K. M., Huete, A., & Nguyen, H. (2021). A pilot forecasting system for epidemic thunderstorm asthma in southeastern Australia. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 102(2), E399\u2013E420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1175\/BAMS-D-19-0140.1","journal-title":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society"},{"key":"16017_CR4","unstructured":"Beggs, P. J., Davies, J. M., Milic, A., Haberle, S. G., Johnston, F. H., Jones, P. J., Katelaris, C. H., & Newbigin, E. (2018). Australian airborne pollen and spore monitoring network interim standard and protocols (Version 2). Macquarie University and Queensland University of Technology. Retrieved September 24, 2026, from https:\/\/www.allergy.org.au\/images\/stories\/pospapers\/Australian_Pollen_and_Spore_Monitoring_Interim_Standard_and_Protocols_v2_14092018.pdf"},{"key":"16017_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124518","volume":"301","author":"J Boyte","year":"2026","unstructured":"Boyte, J., Sherson, S. M., Tegart, L., Fernandopulle, N., Kang, H. S., Lampugnani, E. R., Pham, J., Mackay, G. A., Newbigin, E. J., & Golz, J. F. (2026). An integrated approach identifying seasonal variation in allergenic grass pollen in southern Australia. Environmental Research, 301, Article Article 124518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124518","journal-title":"Environmental Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"16017_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s10453-022-09750-x","volume":"40","author":"J Buters","year":"2024","unstructured":"Buters, J., Clot, B., Gal\u00e1n, C., Gehrig, R., Gilge, S., Hentges, F., O\u2019Connor, D., Sikoparija, B., Skjoth, C., Tummon, F., Adams-Groom, B., Antunes, C. M., Bruffaerts, N., \u00c7elenk, S., Crouzy, B., Guillaud, G., Hajkova, L., Kofol Seliger, A., Oliver, G., \u2026 Stjepanovic, B. (2024). Automatic detection of airborne pollen: An overview. 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Towards standardisation of automatic pollen and fungal spore monitoring: Best practises and guidelines. 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All authors have read, understood, and have complied as applicable with the statement on \u201cEthical responsibilities of Authors\u201d as found in the Instructions for Authors.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Financial interests: Elias Graf, Yanick Zeder and Erny Niederberger have affiliations and\/or relationships Swisens AG, the manufacturer of the SwisensPoleno Mars automated pollen monitor evaluated in this manuscript. Edwin R. Lampugnani, Usha Nattala, Beau Picking and Ed Newbigin have affiliations and\/or relationships with AirHealth Pty Ltd, which provided support for this project.Non-financial interests: Danny Csutoros is employed by the Victorian Department of Health, which provided support for this project. The remaining authors declare no relevant financial or non-financial competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1187"}}