{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T11:43:51Z","timestamp":1776858231655,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fish Physiol Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-026-01673-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T10:24:00Z","timestamp":1775557440000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nutritional intervention with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) enhances growth and metabolic balance in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fed a high-fat diet"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0147-7543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hesham Eed","family":"Desouky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guang-zhen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5497-9988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth Prudence","family":"Abasubong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7265-6589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nouran Mahmoud","family":"Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael Chukwuemeka","family":"Umehai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Jacques Y.","family":"Adjoumani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1673_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/anu.13193","volume":"27","author":"KP Abasubong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abasubong KP, Adjoumani JJY, Li XF, Liu W, Jiang GZ (2021) Dietary supplementation of glycyrrhetinic acid benefit growth performance and lipid metabolism in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) juveniles. Aquac Nutri 27(2):407\u2013416","journal-title":"Aquac Nutri"},{"key":"1673_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aqrep.2024.102509","volume":"39","author":"KP Abasubong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abasubong KP, Adjoumani J-J, Jiang G-Z, Liu W-b, Li X-F, Cao X-F, Desouky HE (2024a) Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) and its derivative (glycyrrhizic and glycyrrhetinic acid) in finfish aquaculture: a review. Aquac Rep 39:102509","journal-title":"Aquac Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"1673_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13908","volume":"108","author":"KP Abasubong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abasubong KP, Jiang GZ, Guo HX, Wang X, Huang YY, Li XF, Yan-Zou D, Liu WB, Desouky HE (2024b) Effects of a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet on appetite regulation and central AMPK in the hypothalamus of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 108(2):480\u2013492","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"1673_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13669","volume":"106","author":"KP Abasubong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abasubong KP, Li XF, Adjoumani JY, Jiang GZ, Desouky HE, Liu WB (2022) Effects of dietary xylooligosaccharide prebiotic supplementation on growth, antioxidant and intestinal immune-related genes expression in common carp Cyprinus carpio fed a high-fat diet. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 106(2):403\u2013418","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr"},{"key":"1673_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/anu.12678","volume":"00","author":"KP Abasubong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abasubong KP, Li X-F, Zhang D-D, Jia E-T, Xiang-Yang Y, Xu C, Liu W-B (2018) Dietary supplementation of xylooligosaccharides benefits the growth performance and lipid metabolism of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed high-fat diets. Aquacult Nutr 00:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anu.12678","journal-title":"Aquacult Nutr"},{"key":"1673_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2019.04.023","volume":"235","author":"O Abernathy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abernathy O, Kostner D, Buer P, Dougherty M, Schmidtberger A, Spainhour R, Leiker A, Vides M, Teel B, Kobayashi Y (2019) Expression of messenger RNA encoding two cellular metabolic regulators, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), in channel catfish: their tissue distribution and relationship with changes in food intake. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 235:12\u201321","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"1673_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2022.738011","volume":"552","author":"J-J Adjoumani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Adjoumani J-J, Abasubong KP, Zhang L, Ge Y-P, Liu W-B, Li X-F (2022) A time-course study of the effects of a high-carbohydrate diet on the growth performance, glycolipid metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis and function of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Aquaculture 552:738011","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"6","key":"1673_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-024-01386-7","volume":"50","author":"JY Adjoumani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Adjoumani JY, Abasubong KP, Zhang L, Liu WB, Li XF, Desouky HE (2024) Metformin attenuates high-carbohydrate diet-induced redox imbalance, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in Megalobrama amblycephala. Fish Physiol Biochem 50(6):2237\u20132253","journal-title":"Fish Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"1673_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2005.01.007","volume":"70","author":"D Armanini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Armanini D, Nacamulii D, Francini-Pesenti F (2005) Glycyrrhetinic acid, the active principle of licorice, can reduce the thickness of subcutaneous thigh fat through topical application. Steroids 70:538\u2013542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.steroids.2005.01.007","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"1673_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10020174","author":"JC Arroyave-Ospina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arroyave-Ospina JC, Wu Z, Geng Y, Moshage H (2021) Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: implications for prevention and therapy. Antioxidants (Basel). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox10020174","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1673_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.08.025","volume":"56","author":"LP Bechmann","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bechmann LP, Hannivoort RA, Gerken G, Hotamisligil GS, Trauner M, Canbay A (2012) The interaction of hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism in liver diseases. J Hepatol 56(4):952\u2013964","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1673_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2016.11.010","volume":"1863","author":"JS Bhatti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhatti JS, Bhatti GK, Reddy PH (2017) Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in metabolic disorders \u2014 a step towards mitochondria based therapeutic strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1863(5):1066\u20131077","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis"},{"key":"1673_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2016.05.023","volume":"55","author":"QQ Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen QQ, Liu WB, Zhou M, Dai YJ, Xu C, Tian HY, Xu WN (2016) Effects of berberine on the growth and immune performance in response to ammonia stress and high-fat dietary in blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala. Fish Shellfish Immunol 55:165\u2013172","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol"},{"key":"1673_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117084","volume":"178","author":"S Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen S, Li Q, Shi H, Li F, Duan Y, Guo Q (2024) New insights into the role of mitochondrial dynamics in oxidative stress-induced diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 178:117084","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"1673_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3529149","volume":"2016","author":"ML Contreras-Zentella","year":"2016","unstructured":"Contreras-Zentella ML, Hern\u00e1ndez-Mu\u00f1oz R (2016) Is liver enzyme release really associated with cell necrosis induced by oxidant stress? Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016:3529149","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"issue":"7","key":"1673_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4350","volume":"23","author":"MP Czech","year":"2017","unstructured":"Czech MP (2017) Insulin action and resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Nat Med 23(7):804\u2013814","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"1673_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.853409","volume":"9","author":"Y-J Dai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dai Y-J, Liu W-B, Abasubong KP, Zhang D-D, Li X-F, Xiao K, Wang X, Jiang G-Z (2022) The mechanism of lipopolysaccharide escaping the intestinal barrier in Megalobrama amblycephala fed a high-fat diet. Front. Nutr. 9:853409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2022.853409","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"1673_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1225578","volume":"2022","author":"A de Almeida","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Almeida A, de Oliveira J, da Silva Pontes LV, de Souza J\u00fanior JF, Gon\u00e7alves TAF, Dantas SH, de Almeida Feitosa MS, Silva AO, de Meiros IA (2022) ROS: basic concepts, sources, cellular signaling, and its implications in aging pathways. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022:1225578","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1673_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-019-00740-4","volume":"46","author":"HE Desouky","year":"2020","unstructured":"Desouky HE, Jiang GZ, Zhang DD, Abasubong KP, Yuan X, Li XF, Liu WB (2020) Influences of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) dietary supplementation on growth, feed utilization, and expression of lipid metabolism genes in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fed a high-fat diet. Fish Physiol Biochem 46(2):653\u2013663","journal-title":"Fish Physiol Biochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"1673_CR20","volume":"2023","author":"HE Desouky","year":"2023","unstructured":"Desouky HE, Jiang G-Z, Abasubong KP, Dai Y-J, Yuan X, Adjoumani J-J, Liu W-B (2023b) Plant-based additivities improved the growth performance and immune response, and mitigated the inflammatory signalling in channel catfish fed a high-fat diet. Aquac Res 2023(1):3525041","journal-title":"Aquac Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"1673_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.14008","volume":"108","author":"HE Desouky","year":"2024","unstructured":"Desouky HE, Sayed NM, Abasubong KP, Zhang Z (2024) A review on protein utilization and its interactions with carbohydrate and lipid from a molecular perspective in aquaculture: an implication beyond growth. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 108(6):1650\u20131664","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl)"},{"issue":"9","key":"1673_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2021.0076","volume":"35","author":"XC Dong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dong XC, Chowdhury K, Huang M, Kim HG (2021) Signal transduction and molecular regulation in fatty liver disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 35(9):689\u2013717","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"issue":"4","key":"1673_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7682","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms16047682","volume":"16","author":"JC Eya","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eya JC, Ukwuaba VO, Yossa R, Gannam AL (2015) Interactive effects of dietary lipid and phenotypic feed efficiency on the expression of nuclear and mitochondrial genes involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain in rainbow trout. Int J Mol Sci 16(4):7682\u20137706","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1673_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/190395","author":"HA Fernando","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fernando HA, Chin HF, Ton SH, Abdul Kadir K (2013) Stress and its effects on glucose metabolism and 11\u03b2-HSD activities in rats fed on a combination of high-fat and high-sucrose diet with glycyrrhizic acid. J Diabetes Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/190395","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1673_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R067595","volume":"57","author":"J Han","year":"2016","unstructured":"Han J, Kaufman RJ (2016) The role of ER stress in lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity. J Lipid Res 57(8):1329\u20131338","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"1673_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-021-02459-x","volume":"23","author":"P Haubrock","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haubrock P, Copp G, Johovic I, Balzani P, Inghilesi A, Nocita A, Tricarico E (2021) North American channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus: a neglected but potentially invasive freshwater fish species? Biol Invasions 23:1563\u20131576","journal-title":"Biol Invasions"},{"key":"1673_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2021.737495","volume":"548","author":"Y-y Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang Y-y, Jiang G-z, Abasubong KP, Wang C-c, Zhang L, Dai Y-j, Zheng X-c, Cao X-f, He C, Wang X, Xiao K, Li X-f, Wu Y-y, Liu W-b (2022) High lipid and high carbohydrate diets affect muscle growth of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) through different signaling pathways. Aquaculture 548:737495","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"12","key":"1673_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081870","volume":"8","author":"Y Jenkins","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jenkins Y, Sun TQ, Markovtsov V, Foretz M, Li W, Nguyen H, Li Y, Pan A, Uy G, Gross L, Baltgalvis K, Yung SL, Gururaja T, Kinoshita T, Owyang A, Smith IJ, McCaughey K, White K, Godinez G, Alcantara R, Choy C, Ren H, Basile R, Sweeny DJ, Xu X, Issakani SD, Carroll DC, Goff DA, Shaw SJ, Singh R, Boros LG, Laplante MA, Marcotte B, Kohen R, Viollet B, Marette A, Payan DG, Kinsella TM, Hitoshi Y (2013) AMPK activation through mitochondrial regulation results in increased substrate oxidation and improved metabolic parameters in models of diabetes. PLoS One 8(12):e81870","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1673_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2018.08.014","volume":"226","author":"GZ Jiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiang GZ, Zhou M, Zhang DD, Li XF, Liu WB (2018) The mechanism of action of a fat regulator: glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) stimulating fatty acid transmembrane and intracellular transport in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 226:83\u201390","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"1673_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-015-0201-x","volume":"13","author":"W K\u00fchlbrandt","year":"2015","unstructured":"K\u00fchlbrandt W (2015) Structure and function of mitochondrial membrane protein complexes. BMC Biol 13:89","journal-title":"BMC Biol"},{"key":"1673_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-8-31","volume":"8","author":"WY Lim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lim WY, Chia YY, Liong SY, Ton SH, Kadir KA, Husain SN (2009) Lipoprotein lipase expression, serum lipid and tissue lipid deposition in orally administered glycyrrhizic acid-treated rats. Lipids Health Dis 8:31\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1476-511X-8-31","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1673_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","volume":"25","author":"KJ Livak","year":"2001","unstructured":"Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212 \u0394\u0394CT method. Methods 25(4):402\u2013408","journal-title":"Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"1673_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","volume":"193","author":"OHL Lowry","year":"1951","unstructured":"Lowry OH, Rosebrough L, Farr N, Randall A (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193(1):265\u2013275","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"1673_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-016-0268-5","volume":"43","author":"KL Lu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lu KL, Wang LN, Zhang DD, Liu WB, Xu WN (2017) Berberine attenuates oxidative stress and hepatocytes apoptosis via protecting mitochondria in blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala fed high-fat diets. Fish Physiol Biochem 43(1):65\u201376","journal-title":"Fish Physiol Biochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"1673_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1080\/08997659.2014.893460","volume":"26","author":"KL Lu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lu KL, Xu WN, Liu WB, Wang LN, Zhang CN, Li XF (2014) Association of mitochondrial dysfunction with oxidative stress and immune suppression in blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala fed a high-fat diet. J Aquat Anim Health 26(2):100\u201312","journal-title":"J Aquat Anim Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"1673_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11050980","volume":"11","author":"Q Lu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lu Q, Gong Y, Xi L, Liu Y, Xu W, Liu H, Jin J, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Zhu X, Xie S, Han D (2022) Feed restriction alleviates chronic thermal stress-induced liver oxidation and damages via reducing lipid accumulation in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Antioxidants 11(5):980","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"1673_CR37","first-page":"204","volume":"8","author":"Q Luo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Luo Q, Ouyang LB (2010) Anti-obesity effect of glycyrrhizin on obese rats and its mechanism. Cent South Pharm 8:204\u2013208","journal-title":"Cent South Pharm"},{"key":"1673_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ma C, Wang F, Zhu J, Wang S, Liu Y, Xu J, Zhao Q, Qin Y, Si W, Zhang J (2024) 18Beta-glycyrrhetinic acid attenuates H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells via activating the PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway. Antioxidants. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox13040468","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13040468"},{"key":"1673_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ma J, Kong L, Zhou S, Lin H, Lin Y, Qin H, Long Z, Liu L, Huang Z, Li Z (2023) Effect of Supplementation of Chlorogenic Acid to High-Fat Diet on Growth, Lipid Metabolism, Intestinal and Hepatic Histology, and Gut Microbiota of Spotted Sea Bass (Lateolabrax maculatus). Metabolites 10;13(10):1067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/metabo13101067","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13101067"},{"issue":"5","key":"1673_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.144.5.883","volume":"144","author":"I Martinou","year":"1999","unstructured":"Martinou I, Desagher S, Eskes R, Antonsson B, Andr\u00e9 E, Fakan S, Martinou JC (1999) The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria during apoptosis of NGF-deprived sympathetic neurons is a reversible event. J Cell Biol 144(5):883\u2013889","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1673_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00367308","volume":"165","author":"SD McCormick","year":"1995","unstructured":"McCormick SD, Bj\u00f6rnsson BT, Sheridan M, Eilerlson C, Carey JB, O\u2019Dea M (1995) Increased daylength stimulates plasma growth hormone and gill Na+, k+-ATPase in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). J Comp Physiol B 165(4):245\u2013254","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol B"},{"issue":"3","key":"1673_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(99)00137-4","volume":"178","author":"BB McGoogan","year":"1999","unstructured":"McGoogan BB, Gatlin DM (1999) Dietary manipulations affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus I. Effects of dietary protein and energy levels. Aquaculture 178(3):333\u2013348","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"1673_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005580332144","volume":"20","author":"A Mobasheri","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mobasheri A, Avila J, Cozar-Castellano I, Brownleader M, Trevan M, Francis M, Lamb J, Mart\u00edn-Vasallo P (2000) Na+, K+-ATPase isozyme diversity; comparative biochemistry and physiological implications of novel functional interactions. Biosci Rep 20:51\u201391","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"issue":"20","key":"1673_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4023","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-019-03200-7","volume":"76","author":"B Moosavi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moosavi B, Berry EA, Zhu XL, Yang WC, Yang GF (2019) The assembly of succinate dehydrogenase: a key enzyme in bioenergetics. Cell Mol Life Sci 76(20):4023\u20134042","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"1673_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Park SS, Seo YK (2020) Excess accumulation of lipid impairs insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. Int J Mol Sci 12;21(6):1949. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21061949","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21061949"},{"issue":"2","key":"1673_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1006\/eesa.1995.1059","volume":"31","author":"GH Philip","year":"1995","unstructured":"Philip GH, Reddy PM, Sridevi G (1995) Cypermethrin-induced in vivo alterations in the carbohydrate metabolism of freshwater fish, Labeo rohita. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 31(2):173\u2013178","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"issue":"11","key":"1673_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000003691","volume":"105","author":"S Shi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shi S, Wang L, van der Laan LJW, Pan Q, Verstegen MMA (2021) Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in liver transplantation and underlying diseases: new insights and therapeutics. Transplantation 105(11):2362\u20132373","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"5","key":"1673_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlr.2025.100795","volume":"66","author":"K Shinozaki","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shinozaki K, Honda T, Yamaji K, Nishijima E, Ichi I, Yamane D (2025) Impaired ApoB secretion triggers enhanced secretion of ApoE to maintain triglyceride homeostasis in hepatoma cells. J Lipid Res 66(5):100795","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1673_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2011.10.028","volume":"95","author":"X Sun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sun X, Pan H, Tan H, Yu Y (2012) High free fatty acids level related with cardiac dysfunction in obese rats. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 95(2):251\u2013259","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"1673_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/498401","volume":"2015","author":"L Szal\u00e1rdy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Szal\u00e1rdy L, Z\u00e1dori D, Kliv\u00e9nyi P, Toldi J, V\u00e9csei L (2015) Electron transport disturbances and neurodegeneration: from Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi\u2019s concept (Szeged) till novel approaches to boost mitochondrial bioenergetics. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2015:498401","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"1673_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2019.04.006","volume":"234","author":"T Tang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tang T, Hu Y, Peng M, Chu W, Hu Y, Zhong L (2019) Effects of high-fat diet on growth performance, lipid accumulation and lipid metabolism-related MicroRNA\/gene expression in the liver of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 234:34\u201340","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"1673_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wahab S, Annadurai S, Abullais SS, Das G, Ahmad W, Ahmad MF, Kandasamy G, Vasudevan R, Ali MS, Amir M (2021). Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): a comprehensive review on its phytochemistry, biological activities, clinical evidence and toxicology. Plants 14;10(12):2751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/plants10122751","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10122751"},{"key":"1673_CR53","first-page":"3","volume":"37","author":"WB Wang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wang WB, Fang P, Lin XT, Xia L, Qi CB, Wang JG, Sun J (2007a) Effect of liquorice extracts on the resistance of Carassius auratus to stress and pathogen infection. Freshwater Fisheries 37:3\u20136","journal-title":"Freshwater Fisheries"},{"key":"1673_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154162","volume":"102","author":"Z Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Z, Ma J, He Y, Miu K-K, Yao S, Tang C, Ye Y, Lin G (2022) Nrf2-mediated liver protection by 18\u03b2-glycyrrhetinic acid against pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced toxicity through PI3K\/Akt\/GSK3\u03b2 pathway. Phytomedicine 102:154162","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"1673_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2018.05.001","volume":"79","author":"SL Xia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xia SL, Li XF, Abasubong KP, Xu C, Shi HJ, Liu WB, Zhang DD (2018) Effects of dietary glucose and starch levels on the growth, apparent digestibility, and skin-associated mucosal non-specific immune parameters in juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Fish Shellfish Immunol 79:193\u2013201","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1673_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-18-0517","volume":"8","author":"C Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu C, Li XF, Tian HY, Shi HJ, Zhang DD, Abasubong KP, Liu WB (2019) Metformin improves the glucose homeostasis of Wuchang bream fed high-carbohydrate diets: a dynamic study. Endocr Connect 8(3):182\u2013194","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"1673_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.2174\/1874847301004010014","volume":"4","author":"H Yaw","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yaw H, Ton S, Khalid B, Tan T, Teo Y, Yohanes M (2013) Effects of glycyrrhetic acid (GE) on some gluconeogenic enzymes, lipoprotein lipase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma. The Open Bioactive Compounds Journal 4:14\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874847301004010014","journal-title":"The Open Bioactive Compounds Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"1673_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054059","volume":"8","author":"LV Yuzefovych","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yuzefovych LV, Musiyenko SI, Wilson GL, Rachek LI (2013) Mitochondrial DNA damage and dysfunction, and oxidative stress are associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress, protein degradation and apoptosis in high fat diet-induced insulin resistance mice. PLoS One 8(1):e54059","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"1673_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2003.09.002","volume":"18","author":"S Zhang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhang S, Fu J, Zhou Z (2004) In vitro effect of manganese chloride exposure on reactive oxygen species generation and respiratory chain complexes activities of mitochondria isolated from rat brain. Toxicol In Vitro 18(1):71\u201377","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"issue":"1","key":"1673_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01839-8","volume":"9","author":"Y Zong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zong Y, Li H, Liao P, Chen L, Pan Y, Zheng Y, Zhang C, Liu D, Zheng M, Gao J (2024) Mitochondrial dysfunction: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 9(1):124","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"}],"container-title":["Fish Physiology and Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10695-026-01673-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10695-026-01673-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10695-026-01673-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T11:02:13Z","timestamp":1776855733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10695-026-01673-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1673"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10695-026-01673-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-1742","1573-5168"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-1742","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-5168","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Authors have permission to participate.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Authors have permission for publication.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"56"}}