{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T02:47:51Z","timestamp":1788835671638,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688428800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Glycoconj J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> is a highly invasive bacterial pathogen that can cause a range of illnesses. Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (CPS) are the main virulence factors that causes invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Pneumococcal CPS serotype 7F along with a few other serotypes is more invasive and likely to cause IPD. Therefore, 7F is a target for pneumococcal vaccine development, and is included in the two recently approved multi-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccines, i.e. VAXNEUVANCE and PREVNAR 20.<\/jats:p><jats:p>To support process and development of our 15-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV15), chromatographic methods have been developed for 7F polysaccharide and conjugate characterization. A size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) method with UV, light scattering and refractive index detections was employed for concentration, size and conformation analysis. A reversed-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) method was used for analysis of conjugate monosaccharide composition and degree of conjugation. The collective information obtained by these chromatographic analysis provided insights into the pneumococcal conjugate and conjugation process.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10719-023-10125-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T13:05:00Z","timestamp":1688994300000},"page":"565-573","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Characterization of pneumococcal serotype 7F in vaccine conjugation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"James Z","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiujuan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengli","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sha","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10125_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00024-15","volume":"28","author":"KA Geno","year":"2015","unstructured":"Geno, K.A., Gilbert, G.L., Song, J.Y., Skovsted, I.C., Klugman, K.P., Jones, C., Nahm, M.H.: Pneumococcal capsules and their types: Past, present, and future. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 28(3), 871\u2013899 (2015)","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10125_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0001-8","volume":"16","author":"JN Weiser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Weiser, J.N., Ferreira, D.M., Paton, J.C.: Streptococcus pneumoniae: Transmission, colonization and invasion. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 16(6), 355\u2013367 (2018)","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10125_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2021.1880328","volume":"20","author":"MS Niederman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Niederman, M.S., Folaranmib, T., Buchwald, U.K., Musey, L., Cripps, A.W., Johnson, K.D.: Efficacy and effectiveness of a 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine against invasive and noninvasive pneumococcal disease and related outcomes: A review of available evidence. Expert Rev. Vaccines. 20(3), 243\u2013256 (2021)","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"10125_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s10719-023-10100","volume":"40","author":"F Micoli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Micoli, F., Romano, M.R., Carboni, F., et al.: Strengths and weaknesses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Glycoconj. J. 40, 135\u2013148 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10719-023-10100","journal-title":"Glycoconj. J"},{"issue":"45","key":"10125_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.02.113","volume":"36","author":"D Greenberg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Greenberg, D., Hoover, P.A., Vesikari, T., Peltier, C., Hurley, D.C., McFetridge, R.D., Dallas, M., et al.: Safety and immunogenicity of 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV15) in healthy infants. Vaccine. 36(45), 6883\u20136891 (2018)","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"51","key":"10125_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.10.032","volume":"39","author":"K Cannon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cannon, K., Elder, C., Young, M., et al.: A trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in populations of adults \u2265 65 years of age with different prior pneumococcal vaccination. Vaccine. 39(51), 7494\u20137502 (2021)","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10125_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12422","volume":"20","author":"E Del Amo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Del Amo, E., Brotons, P., Monsonis, M., Trivi\u00f1o, M., I\u00f1igo, M., Selva, L., Sa-Le\u00e3o, R., Mu\u00f1oz-Almagro, C.: High invasiveness of pneumococcal serotypes included in the New Generation of Conjugate Vaccines. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 20(7), 684\u2013689 (2014)","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect"},{"issue":"32","key":"10125_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.06.008","volume":"28","author":"SI Aguiar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aguiar, S.I., Brito, M.J., Gon\u00e7alo-Marques, J., Melo-Cristino, J., Ramirez, M.: Serotypes 1, 7F and 19A became the leading causes of Pediatric Invasive Pneumococcal Infections in Portugal after 7 years of Heptavalent Conjugate Vaccine Use. Vaccine. 28(32), 5167\u20135173 (2010)","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10125_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cooper, D., Yu, X., Sidhu, M., Nahm, M.H., Fernsten, P., Jansen, K.U., Vaccine: 29(41), 7207\u20137211 (2011)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.06.056"},{"issue":"16","key":"10125_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4181","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201705379","volume":"24","author":"P Menova","year":"2018","unstructured":"Menova, P., Sella, M., Sellrie, K., Pereira, C.L., Seeberger, P.H.: Identification of the minimal glycotope of Streptococcus Pneumoniae 7F capsular polysaccharide using synthetic oligosaccharides. Chem.---Eur. J. 24(16), 4181\u20134187 (2018)","journal-title":"Chem.---Eur. J"},{"issue":"46","key":"10125_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.06.013","volume":"27","author":"CE Frasch","year":"2009","unstructured":"Frasch, C.E.: Preparation of bacterial polysaccharide\u2013protein conjugates: Analytical and manufacturing challenges. Vaccine. 27(46), 6468\u20136470 (2009)","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10125_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-820954-7.00008-6","volume":"2","author":"R Biemans","year":"2020","unstructured":"Biemans, R., Micoli, F., Romano, M.R.: Glycoconjugate vaccines, production and characterization. Recent. Trends in Carbohydrate Chemistry. 2, 285\u2013313 (2020)","journal-title":"Recent. Trends in Carbohydrate Chemistry"},{"key":"10125_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-6215(88)84093-X","volume":"182","author":"M Moreau","year":"1988","unstructured":"Moreau, M., Richards, J.C., Perry, M.B., Kniskern, P.J.: Application of high-resolution N.M.R. spectroscopy to the elucidation of the structure of the specific capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 7F. Carbohydr. Res. 182, 79\u201399 (1988)","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10125_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1999.4470","volume":"279","author":"C Abeygunawardana","year":"2000","unstructured":"Abeygunawardana, C., Williams, T.C., Sumner, J.S., Hennessey, J.P. Jr.: Development and validation of an NMR-based identity assay for bacterial polysaccharides. Anal. Biochem. 279(2), 226\u2013240 (2000)","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem"},{"issue":"7","key":"10125_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40111","DOI":"10.1002\/app.40111","volume":"131","author":"S Podzimek","year":"2014","unstructured":"Podzimek, S.: Truths and myths about the determination of Molar Mass distribution of synthetic and natural polymers by size exclusion chromatography. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 131(7), 40111 (2014)","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10125_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-6215(93)84085-K","volume":"243","author":"B Bednar","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bednar, B., Hennessey, J.P.: Molecular size analysis of capsular polysaccharide preparations from Streptococcus pneumoniae. Carbohydr. Res. 243(1), 115\u2013130 (1993)","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10125_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2022.01.042","volume":"40","author":"JZ Deng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deng, J.Z., Lancaster, C., Winters, M.A., Phillips, K.M., Zhuang, P., Ha, S.: Multi-attribute characterization of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine by size-exclusion chromatography coupled with UV-MALS-RI detections. Vaccine. 40(10), 1464\u20131471 (2022)","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"18","key":"10125_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3769","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14183769","volume":"14","author":"JZ Deng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deng, J.Z., Lin, J., Chen, M., Lancaster, C., Zhuang, P.: Characterization of high Molecular Weight Pneumococcal Conjugate by SEC-MALS and AF4-MALS. Polymers. 14(18), 3769 (2022)","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10125_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mathieu-Gaedke, M., B\u00f6ker, A., Glebe, U.: How to characterize the protein structure and polymer conformation in protein-polymer conjugates \u2013 a perspective. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 2200353 (2023)","DOI":"10.1002\/macp.202200353"},{"issue":"5","key":"10125_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1021\/ma60077a045","volume":"13","author":"W Burchard","year":"1980","unstructured":"Burchard, W., Schmidt, M., Stockmayer, W.H.: Information on Polydispersity and branching from combined quasi-elastic and Integrated Scattering. Macromolecules. 13(5), 1265\u20131272 (1980)","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"10125_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-49780-3_3","volume":"143","author":"W Burchard","year":"1999","unstructured":"Burchard, W.: Solution Properties of branched macromolecules. Adv. Polym. Sci. 143, 113\u2013194 (1999)","journal-title":"Adv. Polym. Sci"},{"key":"10125_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(99)00183-1","volume":"21","author":"QP Lei","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lei, Q.P., Lamb, D.H., Heller, R., Pietrobon, P.: Quantitation of low level unconjugated polysaccharide in tetanus toxoid-conjugate vaccine by HPAEC\/PAD following rapid separation by deoxycholate\/HCl. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 21, 1087\u20131091 (2000)","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10125_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2005.09.022","volume":"347","author":"JS Kim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kim, J.S., Laskowich, E.R., Arumugham, R.G., Kaiser, R.E., MacMichael, G.J.: Determination of saccharide content in pneumococcal polysaccharides and conjugate vaccines by GC-MSD. Anal. Biochem. 347(2), 262\u2013274 (2005)","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem"},{"key":"10125_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2670(93)80373-S","volume":"272","author":"PJ Wyatt","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wyatt, P.J.: Light scattering and the Absolute characterization of Macromolecules. Anal. Chim. Acta. 272, 1\u201340 (1993)","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"issue":"2","key":"10125_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.2001.5411","volume":"299","author":"BS Kendrick","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kendrick, B.S., Kerwin, B.A., Chang, B.S., Philo, J.S.: Online size-exclusion high-performance liquid Chromatography Light Scattering and Differential Refractometry Methods to determine degree of polymer conjugation to proteins and protein-protein or protein-ligand Association States. Anal. Biochem. 299(2), 136\u2013146 (2001)","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem"},{"key":"10125_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1746738","volume":"16","author":"BH Zimm","year":"1948","unstructured":"Zimm, B.H.: The scattering of light and the Radial distribution function of high polymer solutions. J. Chem. Phys. 16, 1093\u20131099 (1948)","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys"},{"key":"10125_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1002\/andp.19053220806","volume":"17","author":"A Einstein","year":"1905","unstructured":"Einstein, A.: \u00dcber die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der W\u00e4rme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Fl\u00fcssigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen. Ann. Phys. 17, 549\u2013560 (1905)","journal-title":"Ann. Phys"},{"key":"10125_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1924.0100","volume":"106","author":"CC Miller","year":"1924","unstructured":"Miller, C.C.: The Stokes-Einstein law for diffusion in solution. Proc. Royal Soc. Lond. Ser. A. 106, 724\u2013749 (1924)","journal-title":"Proc. Royal Soc. Lond. Ser. A"},{"key":"10125_CR29","unstructured":"Theisen, A., Johann, C., Deacon, M.P., Harding, S.E.: Refractive Increment Data-Book. Nottingham University Press (2000)"},{"key":"10125_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2017.09.035","volume":"128","author":"D Kang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kang, D., Cai, Z., Wei, Y., Zhang, H.: Structure and chain conformation characteristics of high acyl gellan gum polysaccharide in DMSO with sodium nitrate. Polymer. 128, 147\u2013158 (2017)","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"issue":"20","key":"10125_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5614e5622","DOI":"10.1021\/ma00020a021","volume":"24","author":"T Konishi","year":"1991","unstructured":"Konishi, T., Yoshizaki, T., Yamakawa, H.: On the \u201cUniversal Constants\u201d r and F of flexible polymers. Macromolecules. 24(20), 5614e5622 (1991)","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"issue":"23","key":"10125_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11884","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ra47440b","volume":"4","author":"KS Mikkonen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mikkonen, K.S., Parikka, K., Suuronen, J., Ghafar, A., Serimaa, R., Tenkanen, M.: Enzymatic oxidation as a potential new route to produce polysaccharide aerogels. RSC Adv. 4(23), 11884\u201311892 (2014)","journal-title":"RSC Adv"},{"key":"10125_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-022-00584-9","volume":"8","author":"JZ Deng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Deng, J.Z., Kuster, N., Drumheller, A., Lin, M., et al.: Antibody enhanced HPLC for serotype-specific quantitation of polysaccharides in pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. NPJ Vaccines. 8, 2 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41541-022-00584-9","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"}],"container-title":["Glycoconjugate Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10719-023-10125-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10719-023-10125-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10719-023-10125-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T10:05:44Z","timestamp":1699610744000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10719-023-10125-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10125"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10719-023-10125-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0282-0080","1573-4986"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0282-0080","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4986","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 April 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 June 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2023","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable for this research since no human and\/ or animal study are involved. The research followed ethical standards for pharmaceutical industrial research.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}