{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T10:23:44Z","timestamp":1778667824750,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Glycoconj J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10719-026-10217-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T10:04:17Z","timestamp":1778666657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Conceptual and Mechanistic Links between glycated hemoglobin and glycosylated RNA: An insight into glycosylation biology in metabolic disease pathophysiology"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Peter Chinedu","family":"Agu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick Maduabuchi","family":"Aja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boniface Anthony","family":"Ale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kehinde","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1699-8835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10217_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-019-0129-4","volume":"15","author":"C Reily","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reily, C., Stewart, T.J., Renfrow, M.B., Novak, J.: Glycosylation in health and disease. Nature Reviews Nephrology 15(6), 346\u2013366 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41581-019-0129-4","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Nephrology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10217_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8109","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07359-4","volume":"49","author":"VK Pandey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pandey, V.K., Sharma, R., Prajapati, G.K., Mohanta, T.K., Mishra, A.K.: N-glycosylation, a leading role in viral infection and immunity development. Molecular Biology Reports 49(8), 8109\u20138120 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-022-07359-4","journal-title":"Molecular Biology Reports"},{"key":"10217_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2019.00157","volume":"7","author":"P Fisher","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fisher, P., Thomas-Oates, J., Wood, A.J., Ungar, D.: The N-glycosylation processing potential of the mammalian Golgi apparatus. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 7, 157 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2019.00157","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10217_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2022.11643","volume":"24","author":"Z Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, Z., Shao, L., Jiang, M., Ba, X., Ma, B., Zhou, T.: Interpretation of HbA1c lies at the intersection of analytical methodology, clinical biochemistry, and hematology (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 24(6), 707 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2022.11643","journal-title":"Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10217_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.5455\/aim.2016.24.233-238","volume":"24","author":"MK Leow","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leow, M.K.: Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c): Clinical Applications of a Mathematical Concept. Acta Inf. Med. 24(4), 233\u2013238 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5455\/aim.2016.24.233-238","journal-title":"Acta Inf. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10217_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.023","volume":"184","author":"RA Flynn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Flynn, R.A., Pedram, K., Malaker, S.A., Batista, P.J., Smith, B.A.H., Johnson, A.G., George, B.M., Majzoub, K., Villalta, P.W., Carette, J.E., Bertozzi, C.R.: Small RNAs are modified with N-glycans and displayed on the surface of living cells. Cell. 184(12), 3109\u20133124e22 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"10217_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.32604\/or.2025.060616","volume":"33","author":"HS Kim","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kim, H.S.: GlycoRNA: A new player in cellular communication. Oncology Research 33(5), 995\u20131000 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/or.2025.060616","journal-title":"Oncology Research"},{"key":"10217_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kumar Mishra, B., Raghav, A., Jeong, G.-B., Jain, M., Shukla, P., Sharma, S.: Estimation of HbA1c and Impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Hypoglycemic States. IntechOpen. (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/intechopen.1005805","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.1005805"},{"key":"10217_CR9","unstructured":"World Health Organization: Use of Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus. (2011). Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/diabetes\/publications\/Definition%20and%20diagnosis%20of%20diabetes_new.pdf"},{"key":"10217_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.4137\/BMI.S38440","volume":"11","author":"SI Sherwani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sherwani, S.I., Khan, H.A., Ekhzaimy, A., Masood, A., Sakharkar, M.K.: Significance of HbA1c Test in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Diabetic Patients. Biomarker Insights 11, 95\u2013104 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4137\/BMI.S38440","journal-title":"Biomarker Insights"},{"issue":"11","key":"10217_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225230","volume":"14","author":"MP Rozing","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rozing, M.P., M\u00f8ller, A., Aabenhus, R., Siersma, V., Rasmussen, K., K\u00f8ster-Rasmussen, R.: Changes in HbA1c during the first six years after the diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus predict long-term microvascular outcomes. PLoS One 14(11), e0225230 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0225230","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10217_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06320.x","volume":"1243","author":"R Ramasamy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ramasamy, R., Yan, S.F., Schmidt, A.M.: Receptor for AGE (RAGE): signaling mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Annals New. York Acad. Sci. 1243, 88\u2013102 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06320.x","journal-title":"Annals New. York Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10217_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1359255","volume":"15","author":"DR Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, D.R., Wang, M.Y., Zhang, C.L., Wang, Y.: Endothelial dysfunction in vascular complications of diabetes: a comprehensive review of mechanisms and implications. Frontiers in Endocrinology 15, 1359255 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1359255","journal-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},{"key":"10217_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Usman, M.S., Khan, M.S., Butler, J.: The Interplay Between Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Kidney Disease. In: Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes. Arlington (VA): American Diabetes Association. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK571718\/ (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db20211-13","DOI":"10.2337\/db20211-13"},{"issue":"3","key":"10217_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3390\/pathophysiology30030026","volume":"30","author":"A Williams","year":"2023","unstructured":"Williams, A., Bissinger, R., Shamaa, H., Patel, S., Bourne, L., Artunc, F., Qadri, S.M.: Pathophysiology of Red Blood Cell Dysfunction in Diabetes and Its Complications. Pathophysiology 30(3), 327\u2013345 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathophysiology30030026","journal-title":"Pathophysiology"},{"key":"10217_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01400-z","volume":"8","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li, Y., Liu, Y., Liu, S., Gao, M., Wang, W., Chen, K., Huang, L., Liu, Y.: Diabetic vascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Signal Transduction & Targeted Therapy 8, 152 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-023-01400-z","journal-title":"Signal Transduction & Targeted Therapy"},{"key":"10217_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reddy, M.A., Park, T., Natarajan, R.: Epigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Seminal Nephrology 33(4), 341\u201353 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.05.006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.05.006"},{"issue":"10","key":"10217_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12810","volume":"22","author":"E Chevet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chevet, E., De Matteis, M.A., Eskelinen, E.L., Farhan, H.: RNA, a new member in the glycan-club that gets exposed at the cell surface. Trafficking. 22(10), 362\u2013363 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tra.12810","journal-title":"Trafficking"},{"key":"10217_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2025.01.001","author":"PC Agu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Agu, P.C.: Dissecting ncRNA pathways and omics integration. Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2025.01.001","journal-title":"Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science"},{"key":"10217_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12064-007-0003-y","volume":"126","author":"A Mosig","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mosig, A., Guofeng, M., Stadler, B.M., Stadler, P.F.: Evolution of the vertebrate Y RNA cluster. Theor. Biosci. 126, 9\u201314 (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12064-007-0003-y","journal-title":"Theory in biosciences"},{"key":"10217_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1671-9_20","volume":"1229","author":"N Valkov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Valkov, N., Das, S.: Y RNAs: Biogenesis, Function and Implications for the Cardiovascular System. Adv. Experimental Med. Biology. 1229, 327\u2013342 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-15-1671-9_20","journal-title":"Adv. Experimental Med. Biology"},{"key":"10217_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mbplus.2022.100108","volume":"16","author":"K Almahayni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Almahayni, K., Spiekermann, M., Fiore, A., Yu, G., Pedram, K., M\u00f6ckl, L.: Small molecule inhibitors of mammalian glycosylation. Matrix Biology Plus. 16, 100108 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mbplus.2022.100108","journal-title":"Matrix Biology Plus"},{"key":"10217_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.08.019","volume":"126","author":"K Ohtsubo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ohtsubo, K., Marth, J.D.: Glycosylation in cellular mechanisms of health and disease. Cell 126, 855\u2013867 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2006.08.019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"23","key":"10217_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6074","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20236074","volume":"20","author":"Y Harada","year":"2019","unstructured":"Harada, Y., Ohkawa, Y., Kizuka, Y., Taniguchi, N.: Oligosaccharyltransferase: A Gatekeeper of Health and Tumor Progression. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 20(23), 6074 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20236074","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10217_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01886-1","volume":"9","author":"M He","year":"2024","unstructured":"He, M., Zhou, X., Wang, X.: Glycosylation: mechanisms, biological functions and clinical implications. Signal Transduction & Targeted Therapy 9, 194 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-024-01886-1","journal-title":"Signal Transduction & Targeted Therapy"},{"issue":"8","key":"10217_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a013359","volume":"5","author":"J Breitling","year":"2013","unstructured":"Breitling, J., Aebi, M.: N-linked protein glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 5(8), a013359 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a013359","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol."},{"key":"10217_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, J., Wang, L., Deng, J., Miao, X., Yang, X., Zhou, Y., Xu, L., Yang, S.: O-Glycosylated RNA identification and prediction by solid-phase chemoenzymatic TnORNA method and PONglyRNA tool. Anal. Chem. 97(31), 16906\u201316915 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c02197","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c02197"},{"issue":"2","key":"10217_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/procel\/pwaf102","volume":"17","author":"L Yi","year":"2026","unstructured":"Yi, L., Zhou, Y., Zhang, C., Lu, H., Xie, Y.: GlycoRNA research: from unknown unknowns to known unknowns. Protein Cell 17(2), 1\u201320 (2026). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/procel\/pwaf102","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"10217_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-022-00128-4","volume":"2","author":"I Bagdonaite","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bagdonaite, I., Malaker, S.A., Polasky, D.A., Riley, N.M., Schjoldager, K., Vakhrushev, S.Y., Halim, A., Aoki-Kinoshita, K.F., Nesvizhskii, A.I., Bertozzi, C.R., Wandall, H.H., Parker, B.L., Thaysen-Andersen, M., Scott, N.E.: Glycoproteomics. Nat Rev Methods Primers 2, 48 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43586-022-00128-4","journal-title":"Nat Rev Methods Primers"},{"key":"10217_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2026.345316","volume":"1400","author":"H Zhang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhang, H., Chen, J., Chen, Y., Yang, Z., Yang, Q., Ye, B., Li, D., Gen, W.: Dual-layer N-glycoproteomics enhances resolution of serum glycosylation signatures in type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with coronary heart disease. Analytica Chimica Acta 1400, 345316 (2026). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aca.2026.345316","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"10217_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C981","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00191.2023","volume":"325","author":"DY Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim, D.Y., Park, J., Han, I.-O.: Am. J. Physiology-Cell Physiol. 325(4), C981\u2013C998 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpcell.00191.2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiology-Cell Physiol."},{"key":"10217_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2024.101925","volume":"77","author":"S-Y Lin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lin, S.-Y., Schmidt, E.N., Takahashi-Yamashiro, K., Macauley, M.S.: Roles for Siglec-glycan interactions in regulating immune cells. Seminars in Immunology 77, 101925 (2025)","journal-title":"Seminars in Immunology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10217_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2021.0178","volume":"44","author":"YJ Park","year":"2021","unstructured":"Park, Y.J.: Discovery of a Novel RNA Suggests That Its Cellular Role Is More Complex than Just a Simple Messenger A new research discovered that RNA could be glycosylated and displayed on the cell surface, suggesting the potential role of RNAs in inter-cellular communication. Molecular Cells 44(7), 538\u2013539 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14348\/molcells.2021.0178","journal-title":"Molecular Cells"},{"issue":"5","key":"10217_CR34","first-page":"648","volume":"138","author":"B Khatua","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khatua, B., Roy, S., Mandal, C.: Sialic acids siglec interaction: a unique strategy to circumvent innate immune response by pathogens. Indian J. Med. Res. 138(5), 648\u2013662 (2013). https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC3928697\/","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10217_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom6020025","volume":"6","author":"Y Kizuka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kizuka, Y., Taniguchi, N.: Enzymes for N-Glycan Branching and Their Genetic and Nongenetic Regulation in Cancer. Biomolecules 6(2), 25 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom6020025","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"7","key":"10217_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2024.107471","volume":"300","author":"Y Kizuka","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kizuka, Y.: Regulation of intracellular activity of N-glycan branching enzymes in mammals. Journal of Biological Chemistry 300(7), 107471 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbc.2024.107471","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10217_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2020.129726","volume":"1864","author":"T Hirata","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hirata, T., Nagae, M., Osuka, R.F., Mishra, S.K., Yamada, M., Kizuka, Y.: Recognition of glycan and protein substrates by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) 1864(12), 129726 (2020) . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbagen.2020.129726","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10217_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cww019","volume":"26","author":"S Oikari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Oikari, S., Makkonen, K., Deen, A.J., Tyni, I., K\u00e4rn\u00e4, R., Tammi, R.H., Tammi, M.I.: Hexosamine biosynthesis in keratinocytes: roles of GFAT and GNPDA enzymes in the maintenance of UDP-GlcNAc content and hyaluronan synthesis. Glycobiology 26(7), 710\u201322 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/glycob\/cww019","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10217_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14040933","volume":"14","author":"A Paneque","year":"2023","unstructured":"Paneque, A., Fortus, H., Zheng, J., Werlen, G., Jacinto, E.: The Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway: Regulation and Function. Genes 14(4), 933 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes14040933","journal-title":"Genes"},{"issue":"7","key":"10217_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA119.010565","volume":"295","author":"AK Olson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Olson, A.K., Bouchard, B., Zhu, W.Z., Chatham, J.C., Des Rosiers, C.: First characterization of glucose flux through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) in ex vivo mouse heart. Journal of Biological Chemistry 295(7), 2018\u20132033 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.RA119.010565","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10217_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119983","volume":"10","author":"R Testa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Testa, R., Vanhooren, V., Bonfigli, A.R., Boemi, M., Olivieri, F., Ceriello, A., Genovese, S., Spazzafumo, L., Borelli, V., Bacalini, M.G., Salvioli, S., Garagnani, P., Dewaele, S., Libert, C., Franceschi, C.: N-glycomic changes in serum proteins in type 2 diabetes mellitus correlate with complications and with metabolic syndrome parameters. PLoS One 10(3), e0119983 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0119983","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10217_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s12551-024-01188-4","volume":"16","author":"AB Uceda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Uceda, A.B., Mari\u00f1o, L., Casasnovas, R., Adrover, M.: An overview on glycation: molecular mechanisms, impact on proteins, pathogenesis, and inhibition. Biophysics Review 16(2), 189\u2013218 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12551-024-01188-4","journal-title":"Biophysics Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"10217_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2012.11.2615","volume":"124","author":"C Campos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Campos, C.: Chronic hyperglycemia and glucose toxicity: pathology and clinical sequelae. Postgrad Med 124(6), 90\u20137 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3810\/pgm.2012.11.2615","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10217_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40842-025-00247-3","volume":"11","author":"A Hussain","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hussain, A.: Chronic hyperglycemia and cardiovascular dysfunction: an in-depth exploration of metabolic and cellular pathways in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovascular Diabetology \u2013 Endocrinology Reports 11(1), 39 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40842-025-00247-3","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Diabetology \u2013 Endocrinology Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"10217_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2025.111111","volume":"302","author":"Y Wang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Isaji, T., Wu, T., Ono, T., Saito, T., Kuroda, Y., Fukuda, T., Gu, J.: Hyaluronic acid regulates cellular UDP-GlcNAc levels through CD44 to affect glycosylation and cell biological functions. Journal of Biological Chemistry 302(2), 111111 (2026). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbc.2025.111111","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10217_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-40291-2","volume":"16","author":"Y Li","year":"2026","unstructured":"Li, Y., Qian, Y., Li, X., Lei, T., McGraw, H., Monaghan-Nichols, P., Fu, M.: Lectin-based detection and expression profiling of native glycoRNAs. Sci Rep 16(1), 9031 (2026). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-40291-2","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10217_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116185","volume":"171","author":"J Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang, J., Yang, F., Liu, Y., Wang, Y.: N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation in diabetic kidney disease. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 171, 116185 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116185","journal-title":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10217_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4490-1","volume":"61","author":"ST Keating","year":"2018","unstructured":"Keating, S.T., van Diepen, J.A., Riksen, N.P., El-Osta, A.: Epigenetics in diabetic nephropathy, immunity and metabolism. Diabetologia 61(1), 6\u201320 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-017-4490-1","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10217_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-026-07694-1","volume":"24","author":"Z Liu","year":"2026","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Wang, X., Man, C., Zhang, S., Gong, D., Lang, Y., Fan, Y.: Functional regulation of GlycoRNA and progress in malignant tumors. J Transl Med 24(1), 297 (2026). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-026-07694-1","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10217_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-58490-2","volume":"16","author":"T Ren","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ren, T., Zhang, Y., Tong, Y., Zhang, Q., Wang, T., Wang, Y., Yang, C., Xu, Z.: FRET imaging of glycoRNA on small extracellular vesicles enabling sensitive cancer diagnostics. Nature Communications 16(1), 3391 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-025-58490-2","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"1","key":"10217_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glycos.2025.100021","volume":"2","author":"L Yu","year":"2026","unstructured":"Yu, L., Yi, L., Lu., H., Xie, Y., Lu, H.: Mass spectrometry-based glycomics towards GlycoRNA. Glycoscience & Therapy 2(1), 100021 (2026). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.glycos.2025.100021","journal-title":"Glycoscience & Therapy"}],"container-title":["Glycoconjugate Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10719-026-10217-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10719-026-10217-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10719-026-10217-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T10:04:24Z","timestamp":1778666664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10719-026-10217-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10217"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10719-026-10217-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0282-0080","1573-4986"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0282-0080","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4986","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"18"}}