{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T03:08:05Z","timestamp":1791083285612,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742601600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Mol Histol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-025-10391-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T03:18:41Z","timestamp":1742699921000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Taraxasterol attenuates inflammatory responses in a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis mouse model via inactivation of the MAPK and NF-\u03baB pathways"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoping","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rusheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10391_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1021\/np990495+","volume":"63","author":"VU Ahmad","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ahmad VU, Yasmeen S, Ali Z, Khan MA, Choudhary MI, Akhtar F et al (2000) Taraxacin, a new guaianolide from taraxacum wallichii. J Nat Prod 63(7):1010\u20131011","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"10391_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s13601-020-00338-7","volume":"10","author":"FMS Badloe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Badloe FMS, De Vriese S, Coolens K, Schmidt-Weber CB, Ring J, Gutermuth J et al (2020) IgE autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells and their role in children and adults with atopic dermatitis. Clin Transl Allergy 10:34","journal-title":"Clin Transl Allergy"},{"key":"10391_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718725","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/718725","volume":"2012","author":"FX Bernard","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bernard FX, Morel F, Camus M, Pedretti N, Barrault C, Garnier J et al (2012) Keratinocytes under fire of proinflammatory cytokines: Bona Fide innate immune cells involved in the physiopathology of chronic atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. J Allergy 2012:718725","journal-title":"J Allergy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10391_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4946.16.04294-8","volume":"69","author":"D Boccardi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Boccardi D, D\u2019Auria E, Turati F, M DIV, Sortino S, Riva E et al (2017) Disease severity and quality of life in children with atopic dermatitis: PO-SCORAD in clinical practice. Minerva Pediatr 69(5):373\u2013380","journal-title":"Minerva Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10391_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.11.027","volume":"125","author":"M Boguniewicz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boguniewicz M, Leung DY (2010) Recent insights into atopic dermatitis and implications for management of infectious complications. J Allergy Clin Immunol 125(1):4\u201313 quiz 4\u20135","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10391_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-022-01092-2","volume":"80","author":"C Bu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bu C, Wang R, Wang Y, Lu B, He S, Zhao X (2022) Taraxasterol inhibits hyperactivation of macrophages to alleviate the Sepsis-induced inflammatory response of ARDS rats. Cell Biochem Biophys 80(4):763\u2013770","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"12","key":"10391_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"adv00160","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3510","volume":"100","author":"S Bylund","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bylund S, Kobyletzki LB, Svalstedt M, Svensson \u00c5 (2020) Prevalence and incidence of atopic dermatitis: a systematic review. Acta dermato-venereologica 100(12):adv00160","journal-title":"Acta Dermato-Venereologica"},{"issue":"2","key":"10391_CR10","first-page":"020501","volume":"29","author":"I \u010cepelak","year":"2019","unstructured":"\u010cepelak I, Dodig S, Pavi\u0107 I (2019) Filaggrin and atopic March. Biochemia Med 29(2):020501","journal-title":"Biochemia Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10391_CR18","first-page":"1745","volume":"18","author":"L Che","year":"2019","unstructured":"Che L, Li Y, Song R, Qin C, Hao W, Wang B et al (2019) Anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis activity of taraxasterol in ulcerative colitis in vitro and in vivo. Exp Therap Med 18(3):1745\u20131751","journal-title":"Exp Therap Med"},{"key":"10391_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.02.029","volume":"70","author":"J Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen J, Wu W, Zhang M, Chen C (2019a) Taraxasterol suppresses inflammation in IL-1\u03b2-induced rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes and rheumatoid arthritis progression in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 70:274\u2013283","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10391_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.03.042","volume":"71","author":"W Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen W, Da W, Li C, Fan H, Liang R, Yuan J et al (2019b) Network pharmacology-based identification of the protective mechanisms of taraxasterol in experimental colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 71:259\u2013266","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10391_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-016-0607-8","volume":"39","author":"RA Clark","year":"2017","unstructured":"Clark RA, Schlapbach C (2017) T(H)9 cells in skin disorders. Semin Immunopathol 39(1):47\u201354","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10391_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70136-8","volume":"102","author":"IJ de Vries","year":"1998","unstructured":"de Vries IJ, Langeveld-Wildschut EG, van Reijsen FC, Dubois GR, van den Hoek JA, Bihari IC et al (1998) Adhesion molecule expression on skin endothelia in atopic dermatitis: effects of TNF-alpha and IL-4. J Allergy Clin Immunol 102(3):461\u2013468","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10391_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.07.012","volume":"137","author":"AM Drucker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Drucker AM, Wang AR, Li WQ, Sevetson E, Block JK, Qureshi AA (2017) The burden of atopic dermatitis: summary of a report for the National eczema association. J Invest Dermatol 137(1):26\u201330","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10391_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12546","volume":"278","author":"H Han","year":"2017","unstructured":"Han H, Roan F, Ziegler SF (2017) The atopic March: current insights into skin barrier dysfunction and epithelial cell-derived cytokines. Immunol Rev 278(1):116\u2013130","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10391_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin W, Huang W, Chen L, Jin M, Wang Q, Gao Z et al (2018) Topical application of JAK1\/JAK2 inhibitor momelotinib exhibits significant anti-inflammatory responses in DNCB-Induced atopic dermatitis model mice. Int J Mol Sci 19(12)","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19123973"},{"issue":"1","key":"10391_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11895","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30404-x","volume":"8","author":"YJ Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim YJ, Choi MJ, Bak DH, Lee BC, Ko EJ, Ahn GR et al (2018) Topical administration of EGF suppresses immune response and protects skin barrier in DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis in NC\/Nga mice. Sci Rep 8(1):11895","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10391_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim TY, Park NJ, Jegal J, Choi S, Lee SW, Hang J et al (2019) Chamaejasmine isolated from wikstroemia Dolichantha diels suppresses 2,4-Dinitrofluoro-benzene-Induced atopic dermatitis in SKH-1 hairless mice. Biomolecules 9(11)","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9110697"},{"key":"10391_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim SH, Seong GS, Choung SY (2020) Fermented Morinda citrifolia (Noni) alleviates DNCB-Induced atopic dermatitis in NC\/Nga mice through modulating immune balance and skin barrier function. Nutrients 12(1)","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010249"},{"key":"10391_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee KS, Chun SY, Lee MG, Kim S, Jang TJ, Nam KS (2018) The prevention of TNF-\u03b1\/IFN-\u03b3 mixture-induced inflammation in human keratinocyte and atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in Nc\/Nga mice by mineral-balanced deep sea water. Biomed Pharmacother\u2009 Biomedecine Pharmacotherapie 97:1331-40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.11.056"},{"key":"10391_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li C, Zheng Z, Xie Y, Zhu N, Bao J, Yu Q et al (2020) Protective effect of taraxasterol on ischemia\/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury via Inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Int Immunopharmacol. 89(Pt A):107169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.107169"},{"issue":"3","key":"10391_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.05.006","volume":"148","author":"J Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu J, Xiong H, Cheng Y, Cui C, Zhang X, Xu L et al (2013) Effects of taraxasterol on ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 148(3):787\u2013793","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10391_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00278","volume":"9","author":"B Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu B, He Z, Wang J, Xin Z, Wang J, Li F et al (2018) Taraxasterol inhibits LPS-Induced inflammatory response in BV2 microglia cells by activating LXR\u03b1. Front Pharmacol 9:278","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10391_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta delta C(T)) method. Methods 25(4):402\u2013408","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"issue":"5","key":"10391_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0156077","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156077","volume":"11","author":"I Mittermann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mittermann I, Wikberg G, Johansson C, Lupinek C, Lundeberg L, Crameri R et al (2016) IgE sensitization profiles differ between adult patients with severe and moderate atopic dermatitis. PLoS ONE 11(5):e0156077","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10391_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.02.046","volume":"120","author":"S Nakae","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nakae S, Ho LH, Yu M, Monteforte R, Iikura M, Suto H et al (2007) Mast cell-derived TNF contributes to airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, and TH2 cytokine production in an asthma model in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 120(1):48\u201355","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10391_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.03.012","volume":"756","author":"T Piao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Piao T, Ma Z, Li X, Liu J (2015) Taraxasterol inhibits IL-1\u03b2-induced inflammatory response in human Osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 756:38\u201342","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10391_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00485","volume":"9","author":"B Purushothaman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Purushothaman B, Arumugam P, Song JM (2018) A novel Catecholopyrimidine based small molecule PDE4B inhibitor suppresses inflammatory cytokines in atopic mice. Front Pharmacol 9:485","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10391_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2014.01.031","volume":"19","author":"Z San","year":"2014","unstructured":"San Z, Fu Y, Li W, Zhou E, Li Y, Song X et al (2014) Protective effect of taraxasterol on acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 19(2):342\u2013350","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10391_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3929","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2019.1671433","volume":"47","author":"R Sang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sang R, Yu Y, Ge B, Xu L, Wang Z, Zhang X (2019) Taraxasterol from taraxacum prevents Concanavalin A-induced acute hepatic injury in mice via modulating TLRs\/NF-\u03baB and Bax\/Bc1-2 signalling pathways. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 47(1):3929\u20133937","journal-title":"Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10391_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2004.02.013","volume":"36","author":"T Shiohara","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shiohara T, Hayakawa J, Mizukawa Y (2004) Animal models for atopic dermatitis: are they relevant to human disease? J Dermatol Sci 36(1):1\u20139","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10391_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990903512156","volume":"26","author":"EL Simpson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Simpson EL (2010) Atopic dermatitis: a review of topical treatment options. Curr Med Res Opin 26(3):633\u2013640","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"10391_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.1.e2","volume":"110","author":"U Wahn","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wahn U, Bos JD, Goodfield M, Caputo R, Papp K, Manjra A et al (2002) Efficacy and safety of pimecrolimus cream in the long-term management of atopic dermatitis in children. Pediatrics 110(1 Pt 1):e2","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10391_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.04.031","volume":"187","author":"S Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang S, Wang Y, Liu X, Guan L, Yu L, Zhang X (2016) Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of taraxasterol on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 187:42\u201348","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"10023","key":"10391_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00149-X","volume":"387","author":"S Weidinger","year":"2016","unstructured":"Weidinger S, Novak N (2016) Atopic dermatitis. Lancet (London England) 387(10023):1109\u20131122","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10391_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113773","volume":"270","author":"X Xiong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiong X, Huang C, Wang F, Dong J, Zhang D, Jiang J et al (2021) Qingxue Jiedu formulation ameliorated DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis by inhibiting STAT3\/MAPK\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathways. J Ethnopharmacol 270:113773","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10391_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu L, Yu Y, Sang R, Li J, Ge B, Zhang X (2018) Protective effects of taraxasterol against ethanol-induced liver injury by regulating CYP2E1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 and NF-\u03baB signaling pathways in mice. Oxid Med Cell Longev 8284107","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8284107"},{"key":"10391_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619560","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/619560","volume":"2015","author":"Y Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang Y, Li S (2015) Dandelion extracts protect human skin fibroblasts from UVB damage and cellular senescence. Oxidative Med Cell Longev 2015:619560","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"10391_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.108380","volume":"102","author":"XJ Ye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ye XJ, Xu R, Liu SY, Hu B, Shi ZJ, Shi FL et al (2022) Taraxasterol mitigates Con A-induced hepatitis in mice by suppressing interleukin-2 expression and its signaling in T lymphocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 102:108380","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10391_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-017-1787-3","volume":"309","author":"H Yu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yu H, Li H, Li Y, Li M, Chen G (2017) Effect of Isoliquiritigenin for the treatment of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice. Arch Dermatol Res 309(10):805\u2013813","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10391_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118906","volume":"266","author":"D Zeng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zeng D, Chen C, Zhou W, Ma X, Pu X, Zeng Y et al (2021) TRPA1 deficiency alleviates inflammation of atopic dermatitis by reducing macrophage infiltration. Life Sci 266:118906","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10391_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.02.020","volume":"141","author":"X Zhang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang X, Xiong H, Liu L (2012) Effects of taraxasterol on inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Ethnopharmacol 141(1):206\u2013211","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10391_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Fu H, Zhang Y, Wang D, Zhao D, Zhang J et al (2022) Reparative effects of dandelion fermentation broth on UVB-Induced skin inflammation. Clin Cosmet Invest Dermatol 15:471\u2013482","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S351527"},{"issue":"5","key":"10391_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-018-0818-3","volume":"41","author":"F Zheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zheng F, Dong X, Meng X (2018) Anti-Inflammatory effects of taraxasterol on LPS-Stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Inflammation 41(5):1755\u20131761","journal-title":"Inflammation"}],"container-title":["Journal of Molecular Histology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10735-025-10391-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10735-025-10391-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10735-025-10391-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T08:08:28Z","timestamp":1745482108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10735-025-10391-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10391"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10735-025-10391-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-2379","1567-2387"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-2379","type":"print"},{"value":"1567-2387","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there are no competing interests in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Wuhan Myhalic Biotechnology Co., Ltd (approval number: HLK-202307103; approval date: July 11th, 2023).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"115"}}