{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T08:41:51Z","timestamp":1792572111421,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Mol Histol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-026-11017-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:37:40Z","timestamp":1792510660000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of topical vildagliptin versus triamcinolone acetonide on experimentally induced hypertrophic scars in a rabbit model"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5670-374X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zaynab Ali","family":"Nasser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2206-4868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farrah Rasool","family":"Jaafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"11017_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70221","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70221","volume":"24","author":"N Adel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Adel N, Stankovic N, Cervantes G, Al E (2025a) Skin wound healing following injecting hyaluronic acid rejuvenating complex, polycaprolactone, or combination therapy: an experimental study. J Cosmet Dermatol 24(5):e70221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.70221","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"11017_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70561","volume":"24","author":"N Adel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Adel N, Stankovic N, Llano F, Kolenda J (2025b) Plant-based exosomes for skin repair: modulating inflammatory cell count in an experimental wound model. J Cosmet Dermatol 24:265\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.70561","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"11017_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Al-Bazzaz FY, Ismail ST (2024) Topical HPMC\/Carbopol 934 gel for wound healing: formulation and in-vivo evaluation. 36:42\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.60988\/p.v36i2.8","DOI":"10.60988\/p.v36i2.8"},{"key":"11017_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-025-10416-4","volume":"56","author":"BF Ali","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ali BF, Abu-Raghif AR, Ridha-Salman H, Al-Athari AJH (2025) Vildagliptin topical ointment: an effective treatment for imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. J Mol Histol 56:143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10735-025-10416-4","journal-title":"J Mol Histol"},{"key":"11017_CR5","volume-title":"Handbook of preservatives","author":"M Ash","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ash M (2004) Handbook of preservatives. Synapse Info Resources, Inc., Endicott"},{"key":"11017_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2010.00683.x","volume":"7","author":"BM Borena","year":"2010","unstructured":"Borena BM, Pawde AM, Amarpal et al (2010) Evaluation of autologous bone marrow-derived nucleated cells for healing of full-thickness skin wounds in rabbits. Int Wound J 7:249\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2010.00683.x","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"key":"11017_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn501120-20211213-00412","volume":"38","author":"P Cao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cao P, Wang YW, Guan H et al (2022) [Effects of mechanical tension on the formation of hypertrophic scars in rabbit ears and transforming growth factor-\u03b2(1)\/Smad signaling pathway]. fu za zhi 38:1162\u20131169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.cn501120-20211213-00412. Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu","journal-title":"fu za zhi"},{"key":"11017_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1050-2_3","author":"RD Cardiff","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cardiff RD, Miller CH, Munn RJ (2014) Manual hematoxylin and eosin staining of mouse tissue sections. Cold Spring Harb Protoc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-1050-2_3. 2014:pdb-prot073411","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Protoc"},{"key":"11017_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000410","volume":"18","author":"NP du Sert","year":"2020","unstructured":"du Sert NP, Hurst V, Ahluwalia A et al (2020) The arrive guidelines 2.0: updated guidelines for reporting animal research. PLoS Biol 18:1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000410","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"11017_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Feldman AT, Wolfe D (2014) Tissue processing and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Histopathology: methods and protocols. Springer, pp 31\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-1050-2_3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1050-2_3"},{"key":"11017_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.17221\/1973-VETMED","volume":"53","author":"P Gal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gal P, Kilik R, Mokry M et al (2008) Simple method of open skin wound healing model in corticosteroid-treated and diabetic rats: standardization of semi-quantitative and quantitative histological assessments. Vet Med (Praha) 53:652\u2013659","journal-title":"Vet Med (Praha)"},{"key":"11017_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nxmate.2025.100848","volume":"9","author":"A George","year":"2025","unstructured":"George A, Limbachiya V, Shrivastav PS (2025) Current status and role of carbopols in oral, nasal, transdermal, topical and ophthalmic drug delivery systems. Next Mater 9:100848. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nxmate.2025.100848","journal-title":"Next Mater"},{"key":"11017_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.22092\/ARI.2021.356195.1800","volume":"76","author":"N Ghazy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ghazy N, Raghif RA- (2021) Effects of apremilast on induced hypertrophic scar of rabbits. Arch Razi Inst J 76:1803\u20131813. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22092\/ARI.2021.356195.1800","journal-title":"Arch Razi Inst J"},{"key":"11017_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ghazy DN, Abu-Raghif AR, Tuama AO et al (2026) Therapeutic effect of niclosamide versus triamcinolone on rabbit ear model of hypertrophic scar. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00266-026-06104-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-026-06104-7"},{"key":"11017_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-91955-4","volume":"10084","author":"AS Hendawy","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hendawy AS, Sabra AA, George MY et al (2025) The antifibrotic effect of vildagliptin and diaminodiphenyl sulfone in murine schistosomiasis mansoni. Sci Rep 10084:1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-91955-4","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"11017_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hussein ZA, Raghif ARA, Tahseen NJ et al (2024) Vinpocetine alleviated alveolar epithelial cells injury in experimental pulmonary fibrosis by targeting PPAR\u2013\u03b3\/NLRP3\/NF\u2013\u03baB and TGF\u2013\u03b2 1\/Smad2\/3 pathways. Sci Rep 1\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-61269-y","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-61269-y"},{"key":"11017_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jackson JM, Grove GL, Allenby K, Houser T (2017) DFD-01 reduces transepidermal water loss and improves skin hydration and flexibility. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13555-017-0209-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-017-0209-y"},{"key":"11017_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.31351\/vol31iss2pp260-270","volume":"31","author":"H Kadhim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kadhim H, Gatea F, Raghif AA, Ali K (2022) Role of topical ritodrine hydrochloride in experimentally induced hypertrophic scar in rabbits. Iraqi J Pharm Sci 31:260\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31351\/vol31iss2pp260-270","journal-title":"Iraqi J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"11017_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2023.05.002","volume":"34","author":"S Kajal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kajal S, Burnett L (2023) Hypertrophic scar burn scar hypertrophic scar scar evolution scar measurement. Phys Med Rehabil Clin 34:783\u2013798. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmr.2023.05.002","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin"},{"key":"11017_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kang Y, Yang Y, Yao B et al (2026) In: Exploration (ed) Scar inhibition in wound healing: mechanisms, design, and recent advances. Wiley Online Library, p 20240517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/EXP.20240517","DOI":"10.1002\/EXP.20240517"},{"key":"11017_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-96","volume":"11","author":"N Kumar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kumar N, Goldminz AM, Kim N, Gottlieb AB (2013) Phosphodiesterase 4-targeted treatments for autoimmune diseases. BMC Med 11:96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1741-7015-11-96","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"11017_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lee S, Wu S, Liang Y et al (2020) Soluble dipeptidyl peptidase-4 induces fibroblast activation through proteinase-activated. 11:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2020.552818","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.552818"},{"key":"11017_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li Q, Lyu C, Chen D et al (2023) Gallic acid treats hypertrophic scar in rabbit ears via the TGF-\u03b2\/smad and TRPC3 signaling pathways. Pharmaceuticals 16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph16111514","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16111514"},{"key":"11017_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6337","DOI":"10.1039\/d0bm00999g","volume":"8","author":"G Long","year":"2020","unstructured":"Long G, Liu D, He X et al (2020) A dual functional collagen scaffold coordinates angiogenesis and inflammation for diabetic wound healing. Biomater Sci 8:6337\u20136349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d0bm00999g","journal-title":"Biomater Sci"},{"key":"11017_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70090","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.70090","volume":"33","author":"LS Mamoun","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mamoun LS, Rosenbloom AJ, Gasbeck T et al (2025) From glucose to gauze: a systematic review on the various wound healing properties of DPP-4 inhibitors beyond glycaemic control. Wound Repair Regen 33:e70090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/wrr.70090","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"key":"11017_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.18231\/j.jpbs.2022.016","volume":"10","author":"SS Mane","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mane SS, Khan MA (2023) Development of UV-Visible spectrophotometric method for the estimation of vildagliptin in different medium. J Pharm Biol Sci 10:83\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18231\/j.jpbs.2022.016","journal-title":"J Pharm Biol Sci"},{"key":"11017_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2016.48","volume":"12","author":"X Meng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Meng X, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Lan HY (2016) TGF-\u03b2: the master regulator of fibrosis. Nat Rev Nephrol 12:325\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrneph.2016.48","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"11017_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13786","volume":"19","author":"M Mirhaj","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mirhaj M, Labbaf S, Tavakoli M, Seifalian AM (2022) Emerging treatment strategies in wound care. Int Wound J 19:1934\u20131954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iwj.13786","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"key":"11017_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199709000-00021","volume":"100","author":"DE Morris","year":"1997","unstructured":"Morris DE, Wu L, Zhao LL et al (1997) Acute and chronic animal models for excessive dermal scarring: quantitative studies. Plast Reconstr Surg 100:674\u2013681","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"11017_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nabai L, Ghahary A (2017) Chap. 6 Hypertrophic scarring in the rabbit ear: a practical model for studying dermal fibrosis. 1627:81\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-7113-8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7113-8"},{"key":"11017_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/irz158","volume":"41","author":"L Nabai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nabai L, Pourghadiri A, Ghahary A (2020) Hypertrophic scarring: current knowledge of predisposing factors, cellular and molecular mechanisms. J Burn Care Res 41:48\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jbcr\/irz158","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"11017_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12839","volume":"28","author":"SP Nischwitz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nischwitz SP, Rauch K, Luze H et al (2020) Evidence-based therapy in hypertrophic scars \u2013 an update of a systematic review. Wound Repair Regen 28:656\u2013665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/wrr.12839","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"key":"11017_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010316","volume":"24","author":"SP Nischwitz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nischwitz SP, Fink J, Schellnegger M et al (2023) The role of local inflammation and hypoxia in the formation of hypertrophic scars\u2014a new model in the duroc pig. Int J Mol Sci Artic 24:316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24010316","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci Artic"},{"key":"11017_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000008667","volume":"149","author":"R Ogawa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ogawa R (2020) The most current algorithms for the treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg 149:80e\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PRS.0000000000008667. e","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"11017_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2018.01.019","volume":"68","author":"P Pakshir","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pakshir P, Hinz B (2018) The big five in fibrosis: macrophages, myofibroblasts, matrix, mechanics, and miscommunication. Matrix Biol 68:81\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matbio.2018.01.019","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"key":"11017_CR36","unstructured":"Rowe RC, Sheskey PJ, Quinn ME (2017) Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Eight Ed"},{"key":"11017_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200207000-00029","volume":"110","author":"AS Saulis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Saulis AS, Mogford JH, Mustoe TA (2002) Effect of Mederma on hypertrophic scarring in the rabbit ear model. Plast Reconstr Surg 110:177\u2013183","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"11017_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019","volume":"9","author":"J Schindelin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schindelin J, Arganda-Carreras I, Frise E et al (2012) Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nat Methods 9:676\u2013682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmeth.2019","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"11017_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shirakami E, Yamakawa S, Hayashida K (2020) Strategies to prevent hypertrophic scar formation: a review of therapeutic interventions based on molecular evidence. 00:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/burnst\/tkz003","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkz003"},{"key":"11017_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006904","volume":"146","author":"H Suwanai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Suwanai H, Watanabe R, Sato M et al (2020) Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor reduces the risk of developing hypertrophic scars and keloids following median sternotomy in diabetic patients: a nationwide retrospective cohort study using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims of Japan. Plast Reconstr Surg 146:83\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006904","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"11017_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-017-0660-4","volume":"18","author":"T Suzuki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Suzuki T, Tada Y, Gladson S et al (2017) Vildagliptin ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury by inhibiting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Respir Res 18:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12931-017-0660-4","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"11017_CR42","volume-title":"Applied Surfactants: Principles and Applications","author":"TF Tadros","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tadros TF (2020) Applied Surfactants: Principles and Applications. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim"},{"key":"11017_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2008.03.022","volume":"61","author":"AA Tandara","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tandara AA, Mustoe TA (2008) The role of the epidermis in the control of scarring: evidence for mechanism of action for silicone gel. J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg 61:1219\u20131225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2008.03.022","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg"},{"key":"11017_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang Y (2025) Hypertrophic Scarring and Keloids: Epidemiology, Molecular Pathogenesis, and Therapeutic Interventions. MedComm 6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mco2.70381","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70381"},{"key":"11017_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.603187","volume":"11","author":"Z Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Z, Zhao W, Cao Y et al (2020) The Roles of In fl ammation in Keloid and Hypertrophic Scars. Front Immunol 11:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.603187","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"11017_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wick MR (2019) The hematoxylin and eosin stain in anatomic pathology\u2014An often-neglected focus of quality assurance in the laboratory. Seminars in diagnostic pathology. Elsevier, pp 303\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.semdp.2019.06.003","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2019.06.003"},{"key":"11017_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.015","volume":"44","author":"TA Wynn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wynn TA, Vannella KM (2016) Macrophages in tissue repair, regeneration, and fibrosis. Immunity 44:450\u2013462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"11017_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.028","volume":"64","author":"C Yagmur","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yagmur C, Guneren E, Kefeli M, Ogawa R (2011) The effect of surgical denervation on prevention of excessive dermal scarring: a study on rabbit ear hypertrophic scar model. J Plast Reconstr aesthetic Surg 64:1359\u20131365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.028","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr aesthetic Surg"},{"key":"11017_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang B, Dong Y, Shen Y et al (2021) Bioactive Materials Bilayer dissolving microneedle array containing 5-fluorouracil and triamcinolone with biphasic release profile for hypertrophic scar therapy. 6:2400\u20132411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.01.014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.01.014"},{"key":"11017_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.64.10.2","volume":"64","author":"M Yoshida","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yoshida M, Kokubun T, Sato K et al (2023) DPP-4 inhibitors attenuate fibrosis after glaucoma filtering surgery by suppressing the TGF-\u03b2\/Smad signaling pathway. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 64:2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.64.10.2","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"11017_CR51","first-page":"55","volume":"29","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Shao J-S, Yue Y-G et al (2013) Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on the scar formation at the rabbit ears at an early stage. Zhonghua Zheng Xing wai ke za zhi= Zhonghua Zhengxing Waike Zazhi=. Chin J Plast Surg 29:55\u201358","journal-title":"Chin J Plast Surg"},{"key":"11017_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/1721727X221113399","volume":"20","author":"X Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang X, Lai Y, Guo L (2022) Treatment of hypertrophic scar with injection of triamcinolone leads to increased microRNA-26a in a rabbit ear model. Eur J Inflammatio 20:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1721727X221113399","journal-title":"Eur J Inflammatio"},{"key":"11017_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e37059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e37059","volume":"10","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Liu E, Gao H et al (2024) Heliyon Natural products for the treatment of hypertrophic scars: Preclinical and clinical studies. Heliyon 10:e37059. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e37059","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"11017_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s12079-013-0195-5","volume":"7","author":"Z Zhu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhu Z, Ding J, Shankowsky HA, Tredget EE (2013) The molecular mechanism of hypertrophic scar. J Cell Commun Signal 7:239\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12079-013-0195-5","journal-title":"J Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"11017_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhuang Z, Li Y, Wei X (2021) ScienceDirect The safety and efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide for keloids and hypertrophic scars: a systematic review and meta-analysis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.burns.2021.02.013. Burns 1\u201312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2021.02.013"}],"container-title":["Journal of Molecular Histology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10735-026-11017-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10735-026-11017-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10735-026-11017-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T08:03:39Z","timestamp":1792569819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10735-026-11017-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["11017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10735-026-11017-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-2379","1567-2387"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-2379","type":"print"},{"value":"1567-2387","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 October 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All experimental procedures involving animals were conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines and approved by the appropriate ethical committee. The research protocol was evaluated and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, on October 7, 2025 (Approval No. 20250923).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"349"}}