{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:41:14Z","timestamp":1771461674366,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]],"date-time":"2019-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553731200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]],"date-time":"2019-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Heart Fail Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-019-09784-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]],"date-time":"2019-03-28T21:03:39Z","timestamp":1553807019000},"page":"617-623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Pharmacological management of cardiac cachexia: a review of potential therapy options"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9830-3274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie","family":"Rolfe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Kamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mustafa M.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"9784_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.3.836","volume":"115","author":"SD Anker","year":"1999","unstructured":"Anker SD, Coats AJ (1999) Cardiac cachexia: a syndrome with impaired survival and immune and neuroendocrine activation. Chest. 115(3):836\u2013847","journal-title":"Chest."},{"issue":"3","key":"9784_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12118","volume":"7","author":"G Loncar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Loncar G, Springer J, Anker M, Doehner W, Lainscak M (2016) Cardiac cachexia: hic et nunc. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 7(3):246\u2013260","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"10","key":"9784_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e146","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000485","volume":"135","author":"EJ Benjamin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Benjamin EJ, Blaha MJ, Chiuve SE, Cushman M, Das SR, Deo R, de Ferranti SD, Floyd J, Fornage M, Gillespie C, Isasi CR, Jim\u00e9nez MC, Jordan LC, Judd SE, Lackland D, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth L, Liu S, Longenecker CT, Mackey RH, Matsushita K, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino ME, Nasir K, Neumar RW, Palaniappan L, Pandey DK, Thiagarajan RR, Reeves MJ, Ritchey M, Rodriguez CJ, Roth GA, Rosamond WD, Sasson C, Towfighi A, Tsao CW, Turner MB, Virani SS, Voeks JH, Willey JZ, Wilkins JT, Wu JH, Alger HM, Wong SS, Muntner P, American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee (2017) Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2017 Update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 135(10):e146\u2013e603","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"1","key":"9784_CR4","first-page":"74","volume":"108","author":"MP Okoshi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Okoshi MP, Capalbo RV, Romeiro FG, Okoshi K (2017) Cardiac cachexia: perspectives for prevention and treatment. Arq Bras Cardiol 108(1):74\u201380","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"9784_CR5","unstructured":"Okoshi MP, Romeiro FG, Paiva SA, Okoshi K (May) Heart failure-induced cachexia. Arq Bras Cardiol 100(5):476\u2013482"},{"issue":"17","key":"9784_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.020894","volume":"133","author":"V Sundaram","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sundaram V, Fang JC (2016) Gastrointestinal and liver issues in heart failure. Circulation. 133(17):1696\u20131703","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"9784_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Evans WJ, Morley JE, Argil\u00e9s J, Bales C, Baracos V, Guttridge D, Jatoi A, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Lochs H, Mantovani G, Marks D, Mitch WE, Muscaritoli M, Najand A, Ponikowski P, Rossi Fanelli F, Schambelan M, Schols A, Schuster M, Thomas D, Wolfe R, Anker SD (Dec) Cachexia: a new definition. Clin Nutr 27(6):793\u2013799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.06.013"},{"issue":"2","key":"9784_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.2.526","volume":"96","author":"SD Anker","year":"1997","unstructured":"Anker SD, Chua TP, Ponikowski P, Harrington D, Swan JW, Kox WJ, Poole-Wilson PA, Coats AJS (1997) Hormonal changes and catabolic\/anabolic imbalance in chronic heart failure and their importance for cardiac cachexia. Circulation. 96(2):526\u2013534","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"6","key":"9784_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-9164(03)00582-7","volume":"9","author":"K Hryniewicz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hryniewicz K, Androne AS, Hudaihed A, Katz SD (2003) Partial reversal of cachexia by beta-adrenergic receptor blocker therapy in patients with chronic heart failure. J Card Fail 9(6):464\u2013468","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"issue":"9363","key":"9784_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12892-9","volume":"361","author":"SD Anker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Anker SD, Negassa A, Coats AJ et al (2003) Prognostic importance of weight loss in chronic heart failure and the effect of treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: an observational study. Lancet. 361(9363):1077\u20131083","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"4","key":"9784_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-012-9428-4","volume":"35","author":"E Marzetti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Marzetti E, Calvani R, DuPree J, Lees HA, Giovannini S, Seo DO, Buford TW, Sweet K, Morgan D, Strehler KYE, Diz D, Borst SE, Moningka N, Krotova K, Carter CS (2013) Late-life enalapril administration induces nitric oxide-dependent and independent metabolic adaptations in the rat skeletal muscle. Age (Dordr) 35(4):1061\u20131075","journal-title":"Age (Dordr)"},{"key":"9784_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.06.018","volume":"86","author":"M Scherrer-Crosbie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Scherrer-Crosbie M (2015) Losartan: a new treatment for cardiac cachexia? J Mol Cell Cardiol 86:12\u201313","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"9784_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000124490.27666.B2","volume":"109","author":"DL Mann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mann DL, McMurray JJ, Packer M et al (2004) Targeted anticytokine therapy in patients with chronic heart failure: results of the Randomized Etanercept Worldwide Evaluation (RENEWAL). Circulation. 109(13):1594\u20131602","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"25","key":"9784_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3133","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000077913.60364.D2","volume":"107","author":"ES Chung","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chung ES, Packer M, Lo KH, Fasanmade AA, Willerson JT, Investigators A-TTACHF (2003) Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot trial of infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in patients with moderate-to-severe heart failure: results of the anti-TNF Therapy Against Congestive Heart Failure (ATTACH) trial. Circulation. 107(25):3133\u20133140","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"9109","key":"9784_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09338-0","volume":"351","author":"K Sliwa","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sliwa K, Skudicky D, Candy G, Wisenbaugh T, Sareli P (1998) Randomised investigation of effects of pentoxifylline on left-ventricular performance in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Lancet. 351(9109):1091\u20131093","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"6","key":"9784_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.90884.2008","volume":"105","author":"BT Steffen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Steffen BT, Lees SJ, Booth FW (2008) Anti-TNF treatment reduces rat skeletal muscle wasting in monocrotaline-induced cardiac cachexia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 105(6):1950\u20131958","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"issue":"6","key":"9784_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2017.51","volume":"14","author":"S von Haehling","year":"2017","unstructured":"von Haehling S, Ebner N, Dos Santos MR, Springer J, Anker SD (2017) Muscle wasting and cachexia in heart failure: mechanisms and therapies. Nat Rev Cardiol 14(6):323\u2013341","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"9784_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1161\/hc3601.095575","volume":"104","author":"N Nagaya","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nagaya N, Uematsu M, Kojima M, Ikeda Y, Yoshihara F, Shimizu W, Hosoda H, Hirota Y, Ishida H, Mori H, Kangawa K (2001) Chronic administration of ghrelin improves left ventricular dysfunction and attenuates development of cardiac cachexia in rats with heart failure. Circulation. 104(12):1430\u20131435","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"1","key":"9784_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi443","volume":"27","author":"CJ Malkin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Malkin CJ, Pugh PJ, West JN, van Beek EJ, Jones TH, Channer KS (2006) Testosterone therapy in men with moderate severity heart failure: a double-blind randomized placebo controlled trial. Eur Heart J 27(1):57\u201364","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"9784_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.965632","volume":"5","author":"M Toma","year":"2012","unstructured":"Toma M, McAlister FA, Coglianese EE et al (2012) Testosterone supplementation in heart failure: a meta-analysis. Circ Heart Fail 5(3):315\u2013321","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"issue":"12","key":"9784_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2014.09.007","volume":"15","author":"S von Haehling","year":"2014","unstructured":"von Haehling S, Anker SD (2014) Treatment of cachexia: an overview of recent developments. J Am Med Dir Assoc 15(12):866\u2013872","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"9784_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2015-001041","volume":"6","author":"JK Taylor","year":"2016","unstructured":"Taylor JK, Pendleton N (2016) Progesterone therapy for the treatment of non-cancer cachexia: a systematic review. BMJ Support Palliat Care 6(3):276\u2013286","journal-title":"BMJ Support Palliat Care"},{"key":"9784_CR23","volume-title":"Chronic heart failure. Pharmacotherapy: a Pathophysiologic Approach","author":"RB Parker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Parker RB, Nappi JM, Cavallari LH et al (2017) Chronic heart failure. Pharmacotherapy: a Pathophysiologic Approach, vol 10e. McGraw-Hill Education, New York"},{"issue":"6","key":"9784_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1007\/s12170-013-0353-6","volume":"7","author":"G Azhar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Azhar G, Wei JY (2013) New approaches to treating cardiac cachexia in the older patient. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep 7(6):480\u2013484","journal-title":"Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"9784_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-013-0153-9","volume":"10","author":"V Pureza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pureza V, Florea VG (2013) Mechanisms for cachexia in heart failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep 10(4):307\u2013314","journal-title":"Curr Heart Fail Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"9784_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2002.123314","volume":"144","author":"VG Florea","year":"2002","unstructured":"Florea VG, Henein MY, Rauchhaus M, Koloczek V, Sharma R, Doehner W, Poole-Wilson PA, Coats AJS, Anker SD (2002) The cardiac component of cardiac cachexia. Am Heart J 144(1):45\u201350","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"16","key":"9784_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.019","volume":"62","author":"CW Yancy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey de Jr, Drazner MH, Fonarow GC, Geraci SA, Horwich T, Januzzi JL, Johnson MR, Kasper EK, Levy WC, Masoudi FA, McBride P, McMurray J, Mitchell JE, Peterson PN, Riegel B, Sam F, Stevenson LW, Tang WH, Tsai EJ, Wilkoff BL, American College of Cardiology Foundation, American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (2013) 2013 ACCF\/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 62(16):e147\u2013e239","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"9784_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2013.05.035","volume":"45","author":"T Yoshida","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yoshida T, Tabony AM, Galvez S, Mitch WE, Higashi Y, Sukhanov S, Delafontaine P (2013) Molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of angiotensin II-induced muscle wasting: potential therapeutic targets for cardiac cachexia. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 45(10):2322\u20132332","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"9784_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hco.0000221585.94490.09","volume":"21","author":"J Springer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Springer J, Filippatos G, Akashi YJ, Anker SD (2006) Prognosis and therapy approaches of cardiac cachexia. Curr Opin Cardiol 21(3):229\u2013233","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"9784_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2002.007005","volume":"90","author":"SD Anker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Anker SD, von Haehling S (2004) Inflammatory mediators in chronic heart failure: an overview. Heart 90(4):464\u2013470","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"5","key":"9784_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1186\/rr67","volume":"2","author":"MB Reid","year":"2001","unstructured":"Reid MB, Li YP (2001) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and muscle wasting: a cellular perspective. Respir Res 2(5):269\u2013272","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"9784_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2008.09.009","volume":"121","author":"S von Haehling","year":"2009","unstructured":"von Haehling S, Lainscak M, Springer J, Anker SD (2009) Cardiac cachexia: a systematic overview. Pharmacol Ther 121(3):227\u2013252","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"9784_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfn040","volume":"11","author":"SM Shaw","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shaw SM, Shah MK, Williams SG, Fildes JE (2009) Immunological mechanisms of pentoxifylline in chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 11(2):113\u2013118","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"9784_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Colld\u00e9n G, Tsch\u00f6p MH, M\u00fcller TD (2017) Therapeutic potential of targeting the ghrelin pathway. Int J Mol Sci 18(4)","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18040798"},{"issue":"2","key":"9784_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4892(03)00013-4","volume":"3","author":"N Nagaya","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nagaya N, Kangawa K (2003) Ghrelin improves left ventricular dysfunction and cardiac cachexia in heart failure. Curr Opin Pharmacol 3(2):146\u2013151","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"9784_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665115002438","volume":"74","author":"S von Haehling","year":"2015","unstructured":"von Haehling S (2015) The wasting continuum in heart failure: from sarcopenia to cachexia. Proc Nutr Soc 74(4):367\u2013377","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"9784_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-012-9725-9","volume":"42","author":"M Volterrani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Volterrani M, Rosano G, Iellamo F (2012) Testosterone and heart failure. Endocrine. 42(2):272\u2013277","journal-title":"Endocrine."},{"issue":"27","key":"9784_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw128","volume":"37","author":"P Ponikowski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JGF, Coats AJS, Falk V, Gonz\u00e1lez-Juanatey JR, Harjola VP, Jankowska EA, Jessup M, Linde C, Nihoyannopoulos P, Parissis JT, Pieske B, Riley JP, Rosano GMC, Ruilope LM, Ruschitzka F, Rutten FH, van der Meer P, ESC Scientific Document Group (2016) 2016 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: the task force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J 37(27):2129\u20132200","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"21","key":"9784_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw008","volume":"37","author":"M Valentova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Valentova M, von Haehling S, Bauditz J, Doehner W, Ebner N, Bekfani T, Elsner S, Sliziuk V, Scherbakov N, Mur\u00edn J, Anker SD, Sandek A (2016) Intestinal congestion and right ventricular dysfunction: a link with appetite loss, inflammation, and cachexia in chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 37(21):1684\u20131691","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"11","key":"9784_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.06.1179","volume":"64","author":"A Sandek","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sandek A, Swidsinski A, Schroedl W, Watson A, Valentova M, Herrmann R, Scherbakov N, Cramer L, Rauchhaus M, Grosse-Herrenthey A, Krueger M, von Haehling S, Doehner W, Anker SD, Bauditz J (2014) Intestinal blood flow in patients with chronic heart failure: a link with bacterial growth, gastrointestinal symptoms, and cachexia. J Am Coll Cardiol 64(11):1092\u20131102","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"9784_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mco.0000198060.10991.50","volume":"9","author":"G Azhar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Azhar G, Wei JY (2006) Nutrition and cardiac cachexia. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 9(1):18\u201323","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"9784_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2174\/138920009787048374","volume":"10","author":"A Sandek","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sandek A, Anker SD, von Haehling S (2009) The gut and intestinal bacteria in chronic heart failure. Curr Drug Metab 10(1):22\u201328","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"9784_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12050","volume":"7","author":"F Penna","year":"2016","unstructured":"Penna F, Bonetto A, Aversa Z et al (2016) Effect of the specific proteasome inhibitor bortezomib on cancer-related muscle wasting. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 7(3):345\u2013354","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"3","key":"9784_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0174894","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174894","volume":"12","author":"M Cheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheng M, Gao T, Xi F, Cao C, Chen Y, Zhao C, Li Q, Yu W (2017) Dexmedetomidine ameliorates muscle wasting and attenuates the alteration of hypothalamic neuropeptides and inflammation in endotoxemic rats. PLoS One 12(3):e0174894","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"9784_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2009.00683.x","volume":"91","author":"AR Lima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lima AR, Martinez PF, Okoshi K et al (2010) Myostatin and follistatin expression in skeletal muscles of rats with chronic heart failure. Int J Exp Pathol 91(1):54\u201362","journal-title":"Int J Exp Pathol"},{"issue":"11","key":"9784_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e79603","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079603","volume":"8","author":"K Trobec","year":"2013","unstructured":"Trobec K, Kerec Kos M, von Haehling S, Springer J, Anker SD, Lainscak M (2013) Pharmacokinetics of drugs in cachectic patients: a systematic review. PLoS One 8(11):e79603","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"9784_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.09.015","volume":"224","author":"M Lainscak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lainscak M, Vitale C, Seferovic P, Spoletini I, Cvan Trobec K, Rosano GM (2016) Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cardiovascular drugs in chronic heart failure. Int J Cardiol 224:191\u2013198","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Heart Failure Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10741-019-09784-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10741-019-09784-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10741-019-09784-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]],"date-time":"2020-06-27T04:46:41Z","timestamp":1593233201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10741-019-09784-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["9784"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10741-019-09784-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1382-4147","1573-7322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1382-4147","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 March 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}