{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T03:29:09Z","timestamp":1793935749463,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":200,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Heart Fail Rev"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Heart failure (HF) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with inflammation playing a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the intricate mechanisms by which inflammation contributes to the development and progression of HF. The review synthesizes current research on the involvement of both innate and adaptive immune responses in HF, highlighting the roles of cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators. Recent studies have demonstrated that chronic inflammation, driven by factors such as oxidative stress, neurohormonal activation, and metabolic disturbances, leads to adverse cardiac remodeling and impaired myocardial function. The review explores how systemic inflammation, characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers like C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), correlates with HF severity and outcomes. Additionally, it discusses the impact of comorbid conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension on inflammatory pathways and HF risk. The review also delves into the therapeutic implications of targeting inflammation in HF. Despite mixed results from early clinical trials, emerging evidence suggests that anti-inflammatory therapies offer benefits in specific HF phenotypes. The potential of novel therapeutic strategies, including the use of biologics and small molecule inhibitors, is examined in the context of their ability to modulate inflammatory responses and improve clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-025-10519-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T21:14:11Z","timestamp":1747170851000},"page":"931-954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["A Comprehensive Review:\u00a0Unraveling the Role of Inflammation in the Etiology of Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Roman-Pepine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adela Mihaela","family":"Serban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxana-Denisa","family":"Capras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina Mihaela","family":"Cismaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana Gabriela","family":"Filip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.4103\/joacp.JOACP_352_16","volume":"34","author":"A Singh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Singh A, Mehta Y (2018) Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF): Implications for the anesthesiologists. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 34(2):161\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/joacp.JOACP_352_16","journal-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.15420\/cfr.2016:25:2","volume":"3","author":"G Savarese","year":"2017","unstructured":"Savarese G, Lund LH (2017) Global Public Health Burden of Heart Failure. Card Fail Rev 3(1):7\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15420\/cfr.2016:25:2","journal-title":"Card Fail Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10519_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.02.092","volume":"62","author":"WJ Paulus","year":"2013","unstructured":"Paulus WJ, Tsch\u00f6pe C (2013) A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation. J Am Coll Cardiol 62(4):263\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.02.092","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10519_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reina-Couto M, Pereira-Terra P, Quelhas-Santos J, Silva-Pereira C, Albino-Teixeira A, and Sousa T (2021) \u201cInflammation in Human Heart Failure: Major Mediators and Therapeutic Targets,\u201d Front. Physiol., vol. 12, no. October, 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2021.746494.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.746494"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2012.10.002","volume":"1","author":"E Braunwald","year":"2013","unstructured":"Braunwald E (2013) Heart failure. JACC Heart Fail 1(1):1\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2012.10.002","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI57132","volume":"121","author":"CN Lumeng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lumeng CN, Saltiel AR (2011) Inflammatory links between obesity and metabolic disease. J Clin Invest 121(6):2111\u20132117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI57132","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.301313","volume":"116","author":"P Libby","year":"2015","unstructured":"Libby P, Hansson GK (2015) Inflammation and immunity in diseases of the arterial tree: players and layers. Circ Res 116(2):307\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.301313","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10519_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-017-0337-9","volume":"14","author":"S Van Linthout","year":"2017","unstructured":"Van Linthout S, Tsch\u00f6pe C (2017) Inflammation - Cause or Consequence of Heart Failure or Both? Curr Heart Fail Rep 14(4):251\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11897-017-0337-9","journal-title":"Curr Heart Fail Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.162891","volume":"128","author":"AK Schroer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schroer AK, Merryman WD (2015) Mechanobiology of myofibroblast adhesion in fibrotic cardiac disease. J Cell Sci 128(10):1865\u20131875. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jcs.162891","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10519_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-014-0428-7","volume":"109","author":"D Lindner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lindner D et al (2014) Cardiac fibroblasts support cardiac inflammation in heart failure. Basic Res. Cardiol 109(5):428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00395-014-0428-7","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10519_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.208199","volume":"105","author":"S Honsho","year":"2009","unstructured":"Honsho S et al (2009) Pressure-mediated hypertrophy and mechanical stretch induces IL-1 release and subsequent IGF-1 generation to maintain compensative hypertrophy by affecting Akt and JNK pathways. Circ Res 105(11):1149\u20131158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.208199","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"20","key":"10519_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.016160","volume":"132","author":"HB Sager","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sager HB et al (2015) Targeting Interleukin-1\u03b2 Reduces Leukocyte Production After Acute Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 132(20):1880\u20131890. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.016160","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H2181","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00554.2011","volume":"301","author":"H Tsutsui","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tsutsui H, Kinugawa S, Matsushima S (2011) Oxidative stress and heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 301(6):H2181\u2013H2190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00554.2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10519_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319870344","volume":"27","author":"A Aimo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aimo A et al (2020) Oxidative stress and inflammation in the evolution of heart failure: From pathophysiology to therapeutic strategies. Eur J Prev Cardiol 27(5):494\u2013510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2047487319870344","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-019-4785-8","volume":"44","author":"C Riehle","year":"2019","unstructured":"Riehle C, Bauersachs J (2019) Key inflammatory mechanisms underlying heart failure. Herz 44(2):96\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00059-019-4785-8","journal-title":"Herz"},{"key":"10519_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McDonagh TA, et al (2021) \u201cCorrigendum to: 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) With the sp,\u201d European heart journal, vol. 42, no. 48. England, p. 4901, 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab670.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab670"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.04.025","volume":"70","author":"CW Yancy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yancy CW et al (2017) 2017 ACC\/AHA\/HFSA Focused Update of the 2013 ACCF\/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Failure Society of Ame. J Am Coll Cardiol 70(6):776\u2013803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.04.025","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"36","key":"10519_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368","volume":"42","author":"TA McDonagh","year":"2021","unstructured":"McDonagh TA et al (2021) 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 42(36):3599\u20133726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10519_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.03.013","volume":"8","author":"S Selvaraj","year":"2020","unstructured":"Selvaraj S et al (2020) Application of Diagnostic Algorithms for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction to the Community. JACC Hear Fail 8(8):640\u2013653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.03.013","journal-title":"JACC Hear Fail"},{"key":"10519_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hage C, et al (2017) \u201cInflammatory Biomarkers Predict Heart Failure Severity and Prognosis in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Holistic Proteomic Approach.,\u201d Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet 10(1) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.116.001633.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.116.001633"},{"issue":"7","key":"10519_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059280","volume":"146","author":"S Rosch","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rosch S et al (2022) Characteristics of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Across the Range of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. Circulation 146(7):506\u2013518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059280","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10519_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2843","volume":"25","author":"D Popovic","year":"2023","unstructured":"Popovic D et al (2023) Ventricular stiffening and chamber contracture in heart failure with higher ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail 25(5):657\u2013668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.2843","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10519_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125687","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1125687","volume":"10","author":"ZH Peh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peh ZH et al (2023) Inflammation as a therapeutic target in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Front Cardiovasc Med 10:1125687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1125687","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.06.050","volume":"72","author":"J Tromp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tromp J et al (2018) Identifying Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Heart Failure With Reduced Versus Preserved Ejection Fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol 72(10):1081\u20131090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.06.050","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.414","volume":"17","author":"S Sanders-Van Wijk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sanders-Van Wijk S et al (2015) Circulating biomarkers of distinct pathophysiological pathways in heart failure with preserved vs. reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Eur. J. Heart Fail 17(10):1006\u20131014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.414","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail"},{"issue":"8","key":"10519_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201836","volume":"13","author":"HM DuBrock","year":"2018","unstructured":"DuBrock HM, AbouEzzeddine OF, Redfield MM (2018) High-sensitivity C-reactive protein in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. PLoS ONE 13(8):1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0201836","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"10519_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-022-00032-w","volume":"1","author":"GG Schiattarella","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schiattarella GG et al (2022) Immunometabolic Mechanisms of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Nat Cardiovasc Res 1(3):211\u2013222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44161-022-00032-w","journal-title":"Nat Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"21","key":"10519_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.045810","volume":"142","author":"S Sanders-Van Wijk","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sanders-Van Wijk S et al (2020) Proteomic Evaluation of the Comorbidity-Inflammation Paradigm in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circulation 142(21):2029\u20132044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.045810","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"20","key":"10519_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.08.074","volume":"70","author":"KS Shah","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shah KS et al (2017) Heart Failure With Preserved, Borderline, and Reduced Ejection Fraction: 5-Year Outcomes. J Am Coll Cardiol 70(20):2476\u20132486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.08.074","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10519_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2023.08.169","volume":"207","author":"R Ono","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ono R, Falc\u00e3o LM (2023) Supra-Normal Left Ventricular Function. Am J Cardiol 207:84\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2023.08.169","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"10519_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.11.017","volume":"11","author":"E Potter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Potter E, Marwick TH (2018) Assessment of Left Ventricular Function by Echocardiography: The Case for Routinely Adding Global Longitudinal Strain to Ejection Fraction. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 11(2 Pt 1):260\u2013274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.11.017","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10519_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Castillo EC, V\u00e1zquez-Garza E, Yee-Trejo D, Garc\u00eda-Rivas G, and Torre-Amione G (2020) \u201cWhat Is the Role of the Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Heart Failure?,\u201d Curr. Cardiol. Rep 22(11) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11886-020-01382-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-020-01382-2"},{"issue":"11","key":"10519_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000057810.48709.F6","volume":"107","author":"RS Vasan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vasan RS et al (2003) Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Heart Failure in Elderly Subjects Without Prior Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 107(11):1486\u20131491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.0000057810.48709.F6","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz198","volume":"116","author":"P Pellicori","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pellicori P et al (2020) High-sensitivity C-reactive protein in chronic heart failure: patient characteristics, phenotypes, and mode of death. Cardiovasc Res 116(1):91\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cvr\/cvz198","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10519_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-023-01845-6","volume":"73","author":"J Boulet","year":"2024","unstructured":"Boulet J, Sridhar VS, Bouabdallaoui N, Tardif JC, White M (2024) Inflammation in heart failure: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. Inflamm Res 73(5):709\u2013723. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00011-023-01845-6","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.10.041","volume":"43","author":"RV Milani","year":"2004","unstructured":"Milani RV, Lavie CJ, Mehra MR (2004) Reduction in C-reactive protein through cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training. J Am Coll Cardiol 43(6):1056\u20131061. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.10.041","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042378","volume":"352","author":"PM Ridker","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ridker PM et al (2005) C-Reactive Protein Levels and Outcomes after Statin Therapy. N Engl J Med 352(1):20\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa042378","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(03)00158-8","volume":"169","author":"T Takeda","year":"2003","unstructured":"Takeda T, Hoshida S, Nishino M, Tanouchi J, Otsu K, Hori M (2003) Relationship between effects of statins, aspirin and angiotensin II modulators on high-sensitive C-reactive protein levels. Atherosclerosis 169(1):155\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0021-9150(03)00158-8","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.508465","volume":"112","author":"IS Anand","year":"2005","unstructured":"Anand IS et al (2005) C-Reactive Protein in Heart Failure. Circulation 112(10):1428\u20131434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.508465","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"16","key":"10519_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.16.2055","volume":"103","author":"A Deswal","year":"2001","unstructured":"Deswal A, Petersen NJ, Feldman AM, Young JB, White BG, Mann DL (2001) Cytokines and Cytokine Receptors in Advanced Heart Failure. Circulation 103(16):2055\u20132059. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.103.16.2055","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"25","key":"10519_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3060","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.25.3060","volume":"102","author":"M Rauchhaus","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rauchhaus M et al (2000) Plasma Cytokine Parameters and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure. Circulation 102(25):3060\u20133067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.102.25.3060","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"July","key":"10519_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.695047","volume":"12","author":"H Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li H, Chen C, Wang DW (2021) Inflammatory Cytokines, Immune Cells, and Organ Interactions in Heart Failure. Front Physiol 12(July):1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2021.695047","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-020-07071-0","volume":"34","author":"A Hanna","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hanna A, Frangogiannis NG (2020) Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines as Therapeutic Targets in Heart Failure. Cardiovasc drugs Ther 34(6):849\u2013863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10557-020-07071-0","journal-title":"Cardiovasc drugs Ther"},{"key":"10519_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2147\/IJICMR.S64894","volume":"7","author":"K Urschel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Urschel K, Cicha I (2015) TNF-\u03b1 in the cardiovascular system: From physiology to therapy. Int J Interf Cytokine Mediat Res 7:9\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJICMR.S64894","journal-title":"Int J Interf Cytokine Mediat Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.802918","volume":"119","author":"T Hamid","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hamid T et al (2009) Divergent tumor necrosis factor receptor-related remodeling responses in heart failure: role of nuclear factor-kappaB and inflammatory activation. Circulation 119(10):1386\u20131397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.802918","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/026765910101600110","volume":"16","author":"DB Sanders","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sanders DB, Larson DF, Hunter K, Gorman M, Yang B (2001) Comparison of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 effect on the expression of iNOS in macrophage and cardiac myocytes. Perfusion 16(1):67\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/026765910101600110","journal-title":"Perfusion"},{"issue":"23","key":"10519_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12746","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.23.12746","volume":"97","author":"YY Li","year":"2000","unstructured":"Li YY et al (2000) Myocardial extracellular matrix remodeling in transgenic mice overexpressing tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 can be modulated by anti-tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci 97(23):12746\u201312751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.97.23.12746","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10519_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)29632-4","volume":"297","author":"KS Mark","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mark KS, Trickler WJ, Miller DW (2001) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin release in brain microvessel endothelial cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 297(3):1051\u20131058","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03087.x","volume":"36","author":"P Mattila","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mattila P, Majuri M-L, Mattila PS, Renkonen R (1992) TNFa-Induced Expression of Endothelial Adhesion Molecules, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, is Linked to Protein Kinase C Activation. Scand J Immunol 36(2):159\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03087.x","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5456","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.070036297","volume":"97","author":"KM Kurrelmeyer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kurrelmeyer KM et al (2000) Endogenous tumor necrosis factor protects the adult cardiac myocyte against ischemic-induced apoptosis in a murine model of acute myocardial infarction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97(10):5456\u20135461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.070036297","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"9","key":"10519_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3925","volume":"21","author":"S Papathanasiou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Papathanasiou S et al (2015) Tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 confers cardioprotection through ectopic expression of keratins K8 and K18. Nat Med 21(9):1076\u20131084. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.3925","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10519_CR52","first-page":"146","volume":"7","author":"SS Rathi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rathi SS, Xu Y-J, Dhalla NS (2002) Mechanism of cardioprotective action of TNF-alpha in the isolated rat heart. Exp Clin Cardiol 7(2\u20133):146\u2013150","journal-title":"Exp Clin Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10519_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.315937","volume":"126","author":"A Abbate","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abbate A, Toldo S, Marchetti C, Kron J, Van Tassell BW, Dinarello CA (2020) Interleukin-1 and the Inflammasome as Therapeutic Targets in Cardiovascular Disease. Circ Res 126(9):1260\u20131280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.315937","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070974","volume":"173","author":"M Bujak","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bujak M et al (2008) Interleukin-1 receptor type I signaling critically regulates infarct healing and cardiac remodeling. Am J Pathol 173(1):57\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070974","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10519_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.3.949","volume":"183","author":"A Kumar","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kumar A, Thota V, Dee L, Olson J, Uretz E, Parrillo JE (1996) Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1beta are responsible for in vitro myocardial cell depression induced by human septic shock serum. J Exp Med 183(3):949\u2013958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.183.3.949","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1161\/01.res.84.1.21","volume":"84","author":"DJ Ing","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ing DJ, Zang J, Dzau VJ, Webster KA, Bishopric NH (1999) Modulation of cytokine-induced cardiac myocyte apoptosis by nitric oxide, Bak, and Bcl-x. Circ Res 84(1):21\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.res.84.1.21","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03412.x","volume":"39","author":"D Leszczynski","year":"1994","unstructured":"Leszczynski D, Josephs MD, Foegh ML (1994) IL-1\u03b2-Stimulated Leucocyte-Endothelial Adhesion is Regulated, in Part, by the Cyclic-GMP-Dependent Signal Transduction Pathway. Scand J Immunol 39(6):551\u2013556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03412.x","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10519_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4838","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300725","volume":"191","author":"A Saxena","year":"2013","unstructured":"Saxena A et al (2013) IL-1 induces proinflammatory leukocyte infiltration and regulates fibroblast phenotype in the infarcted myocardium. J Immunol 191(9):4838\u20134848. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1300725","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10519_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bageghni SA, et al (2019) \u201cFibroblast-specific deletion of IL-1 receptor-1 reduces adverse cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction,\u201d JCI Insight 4(17) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci.insight.125074.","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.125074"},{"issue":"20","key":"10519_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2670","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.740233","volume":"117","author":"A Abbate","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abbate A et al (2008) Anakinra, a recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, inhibits apoptosis in experimental acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 117(20):2670\u20132683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.740233","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10519_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2017.06.005","volume":"2","author":"N Harouki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Harouki N et al (2017) The IL-1\u03b2 Antibody Gevokizumab Limits Cardiac Remodeling and Coronary Dysfunction in Rats With Heart Failure. JACC Basic to Transl Sci 2(4):418\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacbts.2017.06.005","journal-title":"JACC Basic to Transl Sci"},{"key":"10519_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rose-John S (2018) \u201cInterleukin-6 family cytokines,\u201d Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol., vol. 10, no. 2, 2018, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a028415.","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a028415"},{"issue":"12","key":"10519_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000130526.20854.fa","volume":"94","author":"M Nian","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nian M, Lee P, Khaper N, Liu P (2004) Inflammatory Cytokines and Postmyocardial Infarction Remodeling. Circ Res 94(12):1543\u20131553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.RES.0000130526.20854.fa","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"18","key":"10519_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000015608.37608.18","volume":"105","author":"G Baumgarten","year":"2002","unstructured":"Baumgarten G et al (2002) Load-dependent and -independent regulation of proinflammatory cytokine and cytokine receptor gene expression in the adult mammalian heart. Circulation 105(18):2192\u20132197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.0000015608.37608.18","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10519_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044582","volume":"141","author":"S Omiya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Omiya S et al (2020) Cytokine mRNA Degradation in Cardiomyocytes Restrains Sterile Inflammation in Pressure-Overloaded Hearts. Circulation 141(8):667\u2013677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044582","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.933127","volume":"122","author":"D Hilfiker-Kleiner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hilfiker-Kleiner D et al (2010) Continuous glycoprotein-130-mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 activation promotes inflammation, left ventricular rupture, and adverse outcome in subacute myocardial infarction. Circulation 122(2):145\u2013155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.933127","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"10519_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.308688","volume":"118","author":"L Zhao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhao L et al (2016) Deletion of Interleukin-6 Attenuates Pressure Overload-Induced Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Dysfunction. Circ Res 118(12):1918\u20131929. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.308688","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10519_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2012.97","volume":"92","author":"NC Lai","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lai NC et al (2012) Pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in the absence of interleukin 6 in mice. Lab Invest 92(11):1518\u20131526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/labinvest.2012.97","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"issue":"11","key":"10519_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2023.06.031","volume":"11","author":"A Alogna","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alogna A et al (2023) Interleukin-6 in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction. JACC Heart Fail 11(11):1549\u20131561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2023.06.031","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"issue":"5","key":"10519_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1080\/03009742.2017.1418424","volume":"47","author":"I Yokoe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yokoe I et al (2018) Impact of tocilizumab on N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis without cardiac symptoms. Scand J Rheumatol 47(5):364\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03009742.2017.1418424","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2013.07.330","volume":"29","author":"D Vitiello","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vitiello D, Neagoe P, Sirois MG, White M (2013) Characterization and Modulation of Neutrophils Inflammatory Response in Advanced Heart Failure. Can J Cardiol 29(10):S202\u2013S203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2013.07.330","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2018.01.018","volume":"34","author":"B Vulesevic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vulesevic B, Sirois MG, Allen BG, de Denus S, White M (2018) Subclinical Inflammation in Heart Failure: A Neutrophil Perspective. Can J Cardiol 34(6):717\u2013725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2018.01.018","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2017.12.006","volume":"3","author":"B Patel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patel B et al (2018) CCR2(+) Monocyte-Derived Infiltrating Macrophages Are Required for Adverse Cardiac Remodeling During Pressure Overload. JACC Basic to Transl Sci 3(2):230\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacbts.2017.12.006","journal-title":"JACC Basic to Transl Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10519_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-018-0065-8","volume":"18","author":"FK Swirski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Swirski FK, Nahrendorf M (2018) Cardioimmunology: the immune system in cardiac homeostasis and disease. Nat Rev Immunol 18(12):733\u2013744. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41577-018-0065-8","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10519_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399411001943","volume":"13","author":"TJ Koh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Koh TJ, DiPietro LA (2011) Inflammation and wound healing: the role of the macrophage. Expert Rev Mol Med 13:e23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1462399411001943","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20171274","volume":"215","author":"M Hulsmans","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hulsmans M et al (2018) Cardiac macrophages promote diastolic dysfunction. J Exp Med 215(2):423\u2013440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20171274","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10519_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shahid F, Lip GYH, and Shantsila E (2018) \u201cRole of Monocytes in Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation.,\u201d J. Am. Heart Assoc 7(3) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.117.007849.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007849"},{"key":"10519_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00301","volume":"8","author":"A Tosello-Trampont","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tosello-Trampont A, Surette FA, Ewald SE, Hahn YS (2017) Immunoregulatory Role of NK Cells in Tissue Inflammation and Regeneration. Front Immunol 8:301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00301","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10519_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2016.11.010","volume":"175","author":"S Ong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ong S, Rose NR, \u010cih\u00e1kov\u00e1 D (2017) Natural killer cells in inflammatory heart disease. Clin Immunol 175:26\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2016.11.010","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12210","volume":"175","author":"K Backteman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Backteman K, Ernerudh J, Jonasson L (2014) Natural killer (NK) cell deficit in coronary artery disease: no aberrations in phenotype but sustained reduction of NK cells is associated with low-grade inflammation. Clin Exp Immunol 175(1):104\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cei.12210","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10519_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.117","volume":"12","author":"G-P Shi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shi G-P, Bot I, Kovanen PT (2015) Mast cells in human and experimental cardiometabolic diseases. Nat Rev Cardiol 12(11):643\u2013658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.117","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10519_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0137515","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137515","volume":"10","author":"A-L Leblond","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leblond A-L et al (2015) Systemic and Cardiac Depletion of M2 Macrophage through CSF-1R Signaling Inhibition Alters Cardiac Function Post Myocardial Infarction. PLoS One 10(9):e0137515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0137515","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12626","volume":"282","author":"P Bradding","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bradding P, Pejler G (2018) The controversial role of mast cells in fibrosis. Immunol Rev 282(1):198\u2013231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imr.12626","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10519_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1568-2_8","volume":"1220","author":"JS Janicki","year":"2015","unstructured":"Janicki JS, Brower GL, Levick SP (2015) The emerging prominence of the cardiac mast cell as a potent mediator of adverse myocardial remodeling. Methods Mol Biol 1220:121\u2013139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-1568-2_8","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"10519_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jahanyar J, et al (2008) \u201cIncreased expression of stem cell factor and its receptor after left ventricular assist device support: a potential novel target for therapeutic interventions in heart failure\u201d J. Hear. lung Transplant. Off. Publ. Int. Soc. Hear. Transplant 27(7): 701\u2013709 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healun.2008.03.021.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2008.03.021"},{"key":"10519_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Akgul A, et al (2004) \u201cRole of mast cells and their mediators in failing myocardium under mechanical ventricular support.\u201d J. Hear. lung Transplant. Off. Publ. Int. Soc. Hear. Transplant 23(6): 709\u2013715 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healun.2003.06.006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2003.06.006"},{"issue":"5","key":"10519_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199205000-00015","volume":"53","author":"QY Li","year":"1992","unstructured":"Li QY et al (1992) The relationship of mast cells and their secreted products to the volume of fibrosis in posttransplant hearts. Transplantation 53(5):1047\u20131051. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007890-199205000-00015","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/20014091084164","volume":"38","author":"G Wiedle","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wiedle G, Dunon D, Imhof BA (2001) Current concepts in lymphocyte homing and recirculation. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 38(1):1\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20014091084164","journal-title":"Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"10519_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Henri O, et al (2016) \u201cSelective Stimulation of Cardiac Lymphangiogenesis Reduces Myocardial Edema and Fibrosis Leading to Improved Cardiac Function Following Myocardial Infarction.,\u201d Circulation, vol. 133, no. 15, pp. 1484\u201397; discussion 1497 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.020143.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.020143"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H124","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00028.2019","volume":"317","author":"RM Blanton","year":"2019","unstructured":"Blanton RM, Carrillo-Salinas FJ, Alcaide P (2019) T-cell recruitment to the heart: friendly guests or unwelcome visitors? Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 317(1):H124\u2013H140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00028.2019","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10519_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02665","volume":"9","author":"C Gr\u00f6schel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gr\u00f6schel C et al (2018) CD8(+)-T Cells With Specificity for a Model Antigen in Cardiomyocytes Can Become Activated After Transverse Aortic Constriction but Do Not Accelerate Progression to Heart Failure. Front Immunol 9:2665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02665","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12506","volume":"146","author":"IE Dumitriu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dumitriu IE (2015) The life (and death) of CD4+ CD28(null) T cells in inflammatory diseases. Immunology 146(2):185\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.12506","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10519_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264314525665","volume":"26","author":"A Yazdanyar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yazdanyar A et al (2014) Association Between 6-Minute Walk Test and All-Cause Mortality, Coronary Heart Disease-Specific Mortality, and Incident Coronary Heart Disease. J Aging Health 26(4):583\u2013599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0898264314525665","journal-title":"J Aging Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201608-1630PP","volume":"195","author":"MR Nicolls","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nicolls MR, Voelkel NF (2017) The Roles of Immunity in the Prevention and Evolution of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 195(10):1292\u20131299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201608-1630PP","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10519_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4396351","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4396351","volume":"2018","author":"D Vdovenko","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vdovenko D, Eriksson U (2018) Regulatory Role of CD4(+) T Cells in Myocarditis. J Immunol Res 2018:4396351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/4396351","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2009.04.029","volume":"78","author":"AH Sprague","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sprague AH, Khalil RA (2009) Inflammatory cytokines in vascular dysfunction and vascular disease. Biochem Pharmacol 78(6):539\u2013552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2009.04.029","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.17119","volume":"14","author":"W Yan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yan W et al (2017) Immune Cell Repertoire and Their Mediators in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction or Stable Angina Pectoris. Int J Med Sci 14(2):181\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/ijms.17119","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"10519_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lachtermacher S, et al (2010) \u201cCardiac gene expression and systemic cytokine profile are complementary in a murine model of post-ischemic heart failure.,\u201d Brazilian J. Med. Biol. Res. = Rev. Bras. Pesqui. medicas e Biol 43(4): 377\u2013389 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s0100-879x2010007500014.","DOI":"10.1590\/s0100-879x2010007500014"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0179450","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179450","volume":"12","author":"N Chun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chun N et al (2017) Activation of complement factor B contributes to murine and human myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury. PLoS One 12(6):e0179450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0179450","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10519_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2164017","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2164017","volume":"2019","author":"D Strassheim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Strassheim D, Dempsey EC, Gerasimovskaya E, Stenmark K, Karoor V (2019) Role of Inflammatory Cell Subtypes in Heart Failure. J Immunol Res 2019:2164017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/2164017","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"10519_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sethi R, Vishwakarma P, and Pradhan A (2024) \u201cEvidence for Aldosterone Antagonism in Heart Failure,\u201d Card. Fail. Rev.10e15 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15420\/cfr.2024.10.","DOI":"10.15420\/cfr.2024.10"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.1999.1740","volume":"21","author":"E Roig","year":"2000","unstructured":"Roig E et al (2000) Clinical implications of increased plasma angiotensin II despite ACE inhibitor therapy in patients with congestive heart failure. Eur Heart J 21(1):53\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/euhj.1999.1740","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10519_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2009.01.014","volume":"15","author":"S Epelman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Epelman S et al (2009) Soluble Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Human Heart Failure: Relation With Myocardial Function and Clinical Outcomes. J Card Fail 15(7):565\u2013571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2009.01.014","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"issue":"7","key":"10519_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.006939","volume":"13","author":"K Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang K, Basu R, Poglitsch M, Bakal JA, Oudit GY (2020) Elevated Angiotensin 1\u20137\/Angiotensin II Ratio Predicts Favorable Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure. Circ Hear Fail 13(7):e006939. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.006939","journal-title":"Circ Hear Fail"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.09.008","volume":"219","author":"A Hannemann","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hannemann A et al (2011) Plasma aldosterone levels and aldosterone-to-renin ratios are associated with endothelial dysfunction in young to middle-aged subjects. Atherosclerosis 219(2):875\u2013879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.09.008","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H176","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00421.2002","volume":"284","author":"JD Stockand","year":"2003","unstructured":"Stockand JD, Meszaros JG (2003) Aldosterone stimulates proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts by activating Ki-RasA and MAPK1\/2 signaling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 284(1):H176\u2013H184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00421.2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2004.03.002","volume":"10","author":"MP Okoshi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Okoshi MP et al (2004) Aldosterone directly stimulates cardiac myocyte hypertrophy. J Card Fail 10(6):511\u2013518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2004.03.002","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"10519_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rude MK, et al (2005) \u201cAldosterone stimulates matrix metalloproteinases and reactive oxygen species in adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes\u201d Hypertens. (Dallas, Tex. 1979) 46(3): 555\u2013561 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.HYP.0000176236.55322.18.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000176236.55322.18"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909023411001","volume":"341","author":"B Pitt","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pitt B et al (1999) The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 341(10):709\u2013717. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199909023411001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"10519_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030207","volume":"348","author":"B Pitt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pitt B et al (2003) Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 348(14):1309\u20131321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa030207","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"10519_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1313731","volume":"370","author":"B Pitt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pitt B et al (2014) Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med 370(15):1383\u20131392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1313731","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10519_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Peters VBM, et al (2024) \u201cMyeloperoxidase induces monocyte migration and activation after acute myocardial infarction,\u201d Front. Immunol 15 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1360700.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1360700"},{"key":"10519_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2019.02.022","volume":"493","author":"G Ndrepepa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ndrepepa G (2019) Myeloperoxidase - A bridge linking inflammation and oxidative stress with cardiovascular disease. Clin Chim Acta 493:36\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2019.02.022","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"10519_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12700","volume":"7","author":"C Hage","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hage C et al (2020) Myeloperoxidase and related biomarkers are suggestive footprints of endothelial microvascular inflammation in HFpEF patients. ESC Hear Fail 7(4):1534\u20131546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.12700","journal-title":"ESC Hear Fail"},{"issue":"5","key":"10519_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021426","volume":"197","author":"AT Askari","year":"2003","unstructured":"Askari AT et al (2003) Myeloperoxidase and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 play a central role in ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. J Exp Med 197(5):615\u2013624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20021426","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12265","volume":"44","author":"M Reina-Couto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reina-Couto M et al (2014) Impaired resolution of inflammation in human chronic heart failure. Eur J Clin Invest 44(6):527\u2013538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eci.12265","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2009.142257","volume":"56","author":"T Reichlin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reichlin T et al (2010) Use of myeloperoxidase for risk stratification in acute heart failure. Clin Chem 56(6):944\u2013951. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1373\/clinchem.2009.142257","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2023.04.003","volume":"30","author":"CSP Lam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lam CSP et al (2024) Myeloperoxidase Inhibition in Heart Failure With Preserved or Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction: SATELLITE Trial Results. J Card Fail 30(1):104\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2023.04.003","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"issue":"5","key":"10519_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.04.007","volume":"157","author":"M Lamkanfi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lamkanfi M, Dixit VM (2014) Mechanisms and functions of inflammasomes. Cell 157(5):1013\u20131022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2014.04.007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.02.008","volume":"156","author":"A Lu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lu A et al (2014) Unified polymerization mechanism for the assembly of ASC-dependent inflammasomes. Cell 156(6):1193\u20131206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2014.02.008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"10519_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2765","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.118.311916","volume":"38","author":"Z Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang Z et al (2018) Targeting NLRP3 (Nucleotide-Binding Domain, Leucine-Rich\u2013Containing Family, Pyrin Domain\u2013Containing-3) Inflammasome in Cardiovascular Disorders. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 38(12):2765\u20132779. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.118.311916","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10519_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.2203.03022","volume":"32","author":"S Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu S et al (2022) Leaky Gut in IBD: Intestinal Barrier-Gut Microbiota Interaction. J Microbiol Biotechnol 32(7):825\u2013834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4014\/jmb.2203.03022","journal-title":"J Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-023-03374-w","volume":"19","author":"F Di Vincenzo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Di Vincenzo F, Del Gaudio A, Petito V, Lopetuso LR, Scaldaferri F (2024) Gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation: a narrative review. Intern Emerg Med 19(2):275\u2013293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11739-023-03374-w","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"10519_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ghosh SS, Wang J, Yannie PJ, and Ghosh S (2020) \u201cIntestinal Barrier Dysfunction, LPS Translocation, and Disease Development.,\u201d J. Endocr. Soc 4(2): bvz039 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jendso\/bvz039.","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvz039"},{"issue":"4","key":"10519_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425918769372","volume":"24","author":"S Cao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cao S et al (2018) LPS challenge increased intestinal permeability, disrupted mitochondrial function and triggered mitophagy of piglets. Innate Immun 24(4):221\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1753425918769372","journal-title":"Innate Immun"},{"key":"10519_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Al Bander Z, Nitert MD, Mousa A, and Naderpoor N (2020) \u201cThe Gut Microbiota and Inflammation: An Overview.,\u201d Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17(20) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17207618.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17207618"},{"issue":"4","key":"10519_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.09.051","volume":"147","author":"I Zanoni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zanoni I et al (2011) CD14 controls the LPS-induced endocytosis of Toll-like receptor 4. Cell 147(4):868\u2013880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2011.09.051","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2008.01.006","volume":"42","author":"Y-C Lu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lu Y-C, Yeh W-C, Ohashi PS (2008) LPS\/TLR4 signal transduction pathway. Cytokine 42(2):145\u2013151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cyto.2008.01.006","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10519_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2014.00072","volume":"2","author":"M Chiong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chiong M et al (2014) Mitochondrial metabolism and the control of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Front cell Dev Biol 2:72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2014.00072","journal-title":"Front cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10519_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2024.102968","volume":"50","author":"E Johnson","year":"2025","unstructured":"Johnson E et al (2025) Mitochondrial dysfunction and calcium homeostasis in heart failure: Exploring the interplay between oxidative stress and cardiac remodeling for future therapeutic innovations. Curr Probl Cardiol 50(3):102968. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2024.102968","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10519_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2010.10.016","volume":"25","author":"GJ Burton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Burton GJ, Jauniaux E (2011) Oxidative stress. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 25(3):287\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2010.10.016","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"38","key":"10519_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2555","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv305","volume":"36","author":"T M\u00fcnzel","year":"2015","unstructured":"M\u00fcnzel T, Gori T, Keaney JFJ, Maack C, Daiber A (2015) Pathophysiological role of oxidative stress in systolic and diastolic heart failure and its therapeutic implications. Eur Heart J 36(38):2555\u20132564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv305","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10519_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Paraskevaidis I, Kourek C, Farmakis D, and Tsougos E (2024) \u201cHeart Failure: A Deficiency of Energy\u2014A Path Yet to Discover and Walk,\u201d Biomedicines 12(11) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines12112589.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12112589"},{"key":"10519_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-5-4","volume":"5","author":"RJ Esper","year":"2006","unstructured":"Esper RJ, Nordaby RA, Vilari\u00f1o JO, Paragano A, Cacharr\u00f3n JL, Machado RA (2006) Endothelial dysfunction: a comprehensive appraisal. Cardiovasc Diabetol 5:4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1475-2840-5-4","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10519_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306301","volume":"118","author":"MAJ Gimbrone","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gimbrone MAJ, Garc\u00eda-Carde\u00f1a G (2016) Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and the Pathobiology of Atherosclerosis. Circ Res 118(4):620\u2013636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306301","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10519_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204800401984304","DOI":"10.1177\/2048004019843047","volume":"8","author":"S Giannitsi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Giannitsi S, Bougiakli M, Bechlioulis A, Naka K (2019) Endothelial dysfunction and heart failure: A review of the existing bibliography with emphasis on flow mediated dilation. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis 8:2048004019843047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2048004019843047","journal-title":"JRSM Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10519_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S36","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-198600081-00009","volume":"8","author":"WJ Remme","year":"1986","unstructured":"Remme WJ (1986) Congestive heart failure\u2013pathophysiology and medical treatment. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 8(Suppl 1):S36-52","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2007.12.007","volume":"10","author":"PC Colombo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Colombo PC, Onat D, Sabbah HN (2008) Acute heart failure as \u2018acute endothelitis\u2019\u2013Interaction of fluid overload and endothelial dysfunction. Eur J Heart Fail 10(2):170\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejheart.2007.12.007","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000151611.89232.3B","volume":"111","author":"PC Colombo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Colombo PC et al (2005) Endothelial cell activation in patients with decompensated heart failure. Circulation 111(1):58\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.0000151611.89232.3B","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"25","key":"10519_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3958","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.590091","volume":"112","author":"M Gheorghiade","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gheorghiade M et al (2005) Acute heart failure syndromes: current state and framework for future research. Circulation 112(25):3958\u20133968. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.590091","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"16","key":"10519_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.11.082","volume":"60","author":"CN Marti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marti CN, Gheorghiade M, Kalogeropoulos AP, Georgiopoulou VV, Quyyumi AA, Butler J (2012) Endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 60(16):1455\u20131469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.11.082","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10519_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.03.077","volume":"56","author":"BA Borlaug","year":"2010","unstructured":"Borlaug BA et al (2010) Global cardiovascular reserve dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol 56(11):845\u2013854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.03.077","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"18","key":"10519_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.07.036","volume":"60","author":"E Akiyama","year":"2012","unstructured":"Akiyama E et al (2012) Incremental Prognostic Significance of Peripheral Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Heart Failure With Normal Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol 60(18):1778\u20131786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.07.036","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"19","key":"10519_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.100.19.1983","volume":"100","author":"L Agnoletti","year":"1999","unstructured":"Agnoletti L et al (1999) Serum from patients with severe heart failure downregulates eNOS and is proapoptotic: role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Circulation 100(19):1983\u20131991. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.100.19.1983","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"10519_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3588","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.17.12.3588","volume":"17","author":"C Hermann","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hermann C, Zeiher AM, Dimmeler S (1997) Shear stress inhibits H2O2-induced apoptosis of human endothelial cells by modulation of the glutathione redox cycle and nitric oxide synthase. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 17(12):3588\u20133592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.atv.17.12.3588","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10519_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-013-9405-8","volume":"19","author":"N Glezeva","year":"2014","unstructured":"Glezeva N, Baugh JA (2014) Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and its potential as a therapeutic target. Heart Fail Rev 19(5):681\u2013694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10741-013-9405-8","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"issue":"20","key":"10519_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.08.726","volume":"62","author":"S Deftereos","year":"2013","unstructured":"Deftereos S et al (2013) Colchicine and the heart: pushing the envelope. J Am Coll Cardiol 62(20):1817\u20131825. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.08.726","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"26","key":"10519_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1912388","volume":"381","author":"J-C Tardif","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tardif J-C et al (2019) Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Colchicine after Myocardial Infarction. N Engl J Med 381(26):2497\u20132505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1912388","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"45","key":"10519_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4826","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae538","volume":"45","author":"D Pascual-Figal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pascual-Figal D et al (2024) Colchicine in acutely decompensated heart failure: the COLICA trial. Eur Heart J 45(45):4826\u20134836. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae538","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10519_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1901","volume":"4","author":"MK Jain","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jain MK, Ridker PM (2005) Anti-inflammatory effects of statins: clinical evidence and basic mechanisms. Nat Rev Drug Discov 4(12):977\u2013987. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrd1901","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"5","key":"10519_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.625574","volume":"115","author":"KK Khush","year":"2007","unstructured":"Khush KK et al (2007) Effect of high-dose atorvastatin on hospitalizations for heart failure: subgroup analysis of the Treating to New Targets (TNT) study. Circulation 115(5):576\u2013583. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.625574","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-18-0639","volume":"83","author":"K Marume","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marume K et al (2019) Effect of Statins on Mortality in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Without Coronary Artery Disease - Report From the JASPER Study. Circ J 83(2):357\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1253\/circj.CJ-18-0639","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2006.09.008","volume":"13","author":"H Krum","year":"2007","unstructured":"Krum H et al (2007) Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of High-Dose HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitor Therapy on Ventricular Remodeling, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Neurohormonal Parameters in Patients With Chronic Systolic Heart Failure. J Card Fail 13(1):1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2006.09.008","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"issue":"3","key":"10519_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057812","volume":"145","author":"J Butler","year":"2022","unstructured":"Butler J et al (2022) Empagliflozin, Health Status, and Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: The EMPEROR-Preserved Trial. Circulation 145(3):184\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057812","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10519_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Savulescu-Fiedler I, et al (2024) \u201cThe Interplay between Obesity and Inflammation,\u201d Life 14(7) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life14070856.","DOI":"10.3390\/life14070856"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00203-5","volume":"9","author":"N Sattar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sattar N et al (2021) Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet. Diabetes Endocrinol 9(10):653\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00203-5","journal-title":"Lancet. Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"24","key":"10519_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2307563","volume":"389","author":"AM Lincoff","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lincoff AM et al (2023) Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes. N Engl J Med 389(24):2221\u20132232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2307563","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10454","key":"10519_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01498-3","volume":"404","author":"J Deanfield","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deanfield J et al (2024) Semaglutide and cardiovascAular outcomes in patients with obesity and prevalent heart failure: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial. Lancet 404(10454):773\u2013786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01498-3","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"10519_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.08.028","volume":"84","author":"S Verma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Verma S et al (2024) Inflammation in Obesity-Related HFpEF: The STEP-HFpEF Program. J Am Coll Cardiol 84(17):1646\u20131662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.08.028","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10519_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057983","volume":"145","author":"G Filippatos","year":"2022","unstructured":"Filippatos G et al (2022) Finerenone Reduces Risk of Incident Heart Failure in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: Analyses From the FIGARO-DKD Trial. Circulation 145(6):437\u2013447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057983","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2021.11.001","volume":"12","author":"J Bauersachs","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bauersachs J, Lother A (2022) Mineralocorticoid receptor activation and antagonism in cardiovascular disease: cellular and molecular mechanisms. Kidney Int Suppl 12(1):19\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kisu.2021.11.001","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"10519_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"BGL et al., \u201cEffect of Finerenone on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes,\u201d N. Engl. J. Med., 383(23): 2219\u20132229 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2025845.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2025845"},{"key":"10519_CR163","unstructured":"\u201cAdditional studies with finerenone across a wide range of heart failure patients initiated.\u201d https:\/\/www.bayer.com\/media\/en-us\/additional-studies-with-finerenone-across-a-wide-range-of-heart-failure-patients-initiated\/ (accessed 11, 2025)."},{"key":"10519_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DAS et al (2025) \u201cFinerenone in Patients With a Recent WorseninACg Heart Failure Event,\u201d J. Am. Coll. Cardiol 0(0) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.09.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.09.004"},{"key":"10519_CR165","unstructured":"\u201cA Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel-group, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Finerenone on Morbidity and Mortality in Participants With Heart Failure (NYHA II-IV) and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction \u2265 40% (LV.\u201d 15, 2020, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT04435626."},{"key":"10519_CR166","unstructured":"SLH of K City and Bayer Eds., \u201cRandomized Trial to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of Finerenone on Morbidity and Mortality Among Heart Failure Patients With Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Greater Than or Equal to 40% Hospitalized Due to an Episode of Acute Decompensated Heart Fa.\u201d 31, 2023, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06008197."},{"key":"10519_CR167","unstructured":"SLH of K City and Bayer, Eds., \u201cCombined Efficacy and Safety of an Early, Intensive, Management Strategy With Finerenone and SGLT2 Inhibitor in Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure (CONFIRMATION-HF).\u201d 22, 2023, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06024746."},{"key":"10519_CR168","unstructured":"SLH of K City and Bayer Eds., \u201cA Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Pragmatic Study to Evaluate Finerenone on Clinical Efficacy and Safety in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction Who Are Intolerant of or Not Eligible for Treatment With Steroidal Mineraloc.\u201d 29, 2023, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06033950."},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e014661","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.014661","volume":"9","author":"MJ Ahlers","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahlers MJ et al (2020) Heart Failure Risk Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis-Related Chronic Inflammation. J. Am. Heart Assoc 9(10):e014661. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.119.014661","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"8","key":"10519_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1809798","volume":"380","author":"PM Ridker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ridker PM et al (2019) Low-Dose Methotrexate for the Prevention of Atherosclerotic Events. N Engl J Med 380(8):752\u2013762. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1809798","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.08.047","volume":"113","author":"BW Van Tassell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Van Tassell BW et al (2014) Effects of interleukin-1 blockade with anakinra on aerobic exercise capacity in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (from the D-HART pilot study). Am J Cardiol 113(2):321\u2013327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.08.047","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10519_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e005036","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005036","volume":"11","author":"BW Van Tassell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Van Tassell BW et al (2018) IL-1 Blockade in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circ. Heart Fail 11(8):e005036. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005036","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail"},{"key":"10519_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2022.03.026","volume":"174","author":"V Mihalick","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mihalick V et al (2022) Patient Perceptions of Exertion and Dyspnea With Interleukin-1 Blockade in Patients With Recently Decompensated Systolic Heart Failure. Am J Cardiol 174:61\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2022.03.026","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10519_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.01.003","volume":"36","author":"M-J Hsieh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hsieh M-J et al (2020) Biologic Agents Reduce Cardiovascular Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis Not Responsive to Tumour Necrosis Factor Inhibitors: A National Cohort Study. Can J Cardiol 36(11):1739\u20131746. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.01.003","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10519_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0220178","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0220178","volume":"14","author":"B Castagn\u00e9","year":"2019","unstructured":"Castagn\u00e9 B, Viprey M, Martin J, Schott A-M, Cucherat M, Soubrier M (2019) Cardiovascular safety of tocilizumab: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. PLoS One 14(8):e0220178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0220178","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10519_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23875","volume":"72","author":"S Singh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Singh S et al (2020) Comparative Risk of Cardiovascular Events With Biologic and Synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 72(4):561\u2013576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.23875","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.131540","volume":"41","author":"H Kobayashi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kobayashi H, Kobayashi Y, Giles JT, Yoneyama K, Nakajima Y, Takei M (2014) Tocilizumab treatment increases left ventricular ejection fraction and decreases left ventricular mass index in patients with rheumatoid arthritis without cardiac symptoms: assessed using 3.0 tesla cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. J Rheumatol 41(10):1916\u20131921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.131540","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"15","key":"10519_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.02.049","volume":"77","author":"K Broch","year":"2021","unstructured":"Broch K et al (2021) Randomized Trial of Interleukin-6 Receptor Inhibition in Patients With Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 77(15):1845\u20131855. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.02.049","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"19","key":"10519_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.053318","volume":"143","author":"MAS Meyer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meyer MAS et al (2021) Treatment Effects of Interleukin-6 Receptor Antibodies for Modulating the Systemic Inflammatory Response After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (The IMICA Trial). Circulation 143(19):1841\u20131851. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.053318","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10519_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2018.03.012","volume":"48","author":"SC Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim SC et al (2018) No difference in cardiovascular risk of tocilizumab versus abatacept for rheumatoid arthritis: A multi-database cohort study. Semin Arthritis Rheum 48(3):399\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2018.03.012","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10519_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Burmester GR, et al (2017) \u201cTocilizumab combination therapy or monotherapy or methotrexate monotherapy in methotrexate-naive patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: 2-year clinical and radiographic results from the randomised, placebo-controlled FUNCTION trial.\u201d Ann. Rheum. Dis 76(7): 1279 LP\u20131284 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210561","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210561"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23303","volume":"69","author":"EH Choy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Choy EH, Bernasconi C, Aassi M, Molina JF, Epis OM (2017) Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis With Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor or Tocilizumab Therapy as First Biologic Agent in a Global Comparative Observational Study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 69(10):1484\u20131494. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.23303","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10519_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3846-8","volume":"37","author":"F Iannone","year":"2018","unstructured":"Iannone F et al (2018) Real-world experience of tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis: sub-analysis of data from the Italian biologics\u2019 register GISEA. Clin Rheumatol 37(2):315\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-017-3846-8","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10519_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim SC, et al (2017) \u201cCardiovascular Safety of Tocilizumab Versus Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Multi-Database Cohort Study.,\u201d Arthritis Rheumatol. (Hoboken, N.J.) 69(6): 1154\u20131164 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.40084.","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40084"},{"key":"10519_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giles JT, et al (2020) \u201cCardiovascular Safety of Tocilizumab Versus Etanercept in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.\u201d Arthritis Rheumatol. (Hoboken, N.J.) 72(1): 31\u201340 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.41095","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41095"},{"key":"10519_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l67","volume":"364","author":"J-E Gottenberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gottenberg J-E et al (2019) Comparative effectiveness of rituximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab in adults with rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate response to TNF inhibitors: prospective cohort study. BMJ 364:l67. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l67","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"10","key":"10519_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-207870","volume":"75","author":"J Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang J et al (2016) Comparative effects of biologics on cardiovascular risk among older patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 75(10):1813\u20131818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-207870","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10519_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.07.006","volume":"44","author":"JR Curtis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Curtis JR et al (2015) Tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis: a case study of safety evaluations of a large postmarketing data set from multiple data sources. Semin Arthritis Rheum 44(4):381\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.07.006","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"10519_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0583-8","volume":"17","author":"R Sakai","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sakai R et al (2015) Head-to-head comparison of the safety of tocilizumab and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA) in clinical practice: results from the registry of Japanese RA patients on biologics for long-term safety (REAL) registry. Arthritis Res. Ther 17(1):74. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13075-015-0583-8","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther"},{"issue":"9877","key":"10519_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60250-0","volume":"381","author":"C Gabay","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gabay C et al (2013) Tocilizumab monotherapy versus adalimumab monotherapy for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (ADACTA): a randomised, double-blind, controlled phase 4 trial. Lancet (London, England) 381(9877):1541\u20131550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60250-0","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"9617","key":"10519_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60453-5","volume":"371","author":"JS Smolen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Smolen JS et al (2008) Effect of interleukin-6 receptor inhibition with tocilizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (OPTION study): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. Lancet (London, England) 371(9617):987\u2013997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60453-5","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10519_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707914","volume":"377","author":"PM Ridker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ridker PM et al (2017) Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease. N Engl J Med 377(12):1119\u20131131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1707914","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10519_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e138","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvab231","volume":"117","author":"PM Ridker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ridker PM (2021) From RESCUE to ZEUS: will interleukin-6 inhibition with ziltivekimab prove effective for cardiovascular event reduction? Cardiovasc Res 117(11):e138\u2013e140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cvr\/cvab231","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10519_CR194","unstructured":"\u201cZEUS - Effects of Ziltivekimab Versus Placebo on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Participants With Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Chronic Kidney Disease and Systemic Inflammation.\u201d 19, 2021, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT05021835."},{"key":"10519_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arvunescu AM, Ionescu RF, Cretoiu SM, Dumitrescu SI, Zaharia O, and Nanea IT (2023) \u201cInflammation in Heart Failure\u2014Future Perspectives.\u201d J. Clin. Med 12(24) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12247738","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12247738"},{"issue":"9","key":"10519_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1902","volume":"22","author":"M Packer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Packer M, Lam CSP, Lund LH, Maurer MS, Borlaug BA (2020) Characterization of the inflammatory-metabolic phenotype of heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction: a hypothesis to explain influence of sex on the evolution and potential treatment of the disease. Eur J Heart Fail 22(9):1551\u20131567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1902","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10519_CR197","unstructured":"\u201cA Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multi-center Sequential Phase 2b and Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of AZD4831 Administered for Up to 48 Weeks in Participants With Heart Failure With Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction > .\u201d 18, 2021, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT04986202."},{"key":"10519_CR198","unstructured":"\u201cColchicine in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.\u201d 05, 2022, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT05637398."},{"key":"10519_CR199","unstructured":"\u201cThe Effects of IL-1 Blockade on Inotrope Sensitivity in Patients With Heart Failure (AID-HEART).\u201d 25, 2023, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06062966."},{"key":"10519_CR200","unstructured":"\u201cA Research Study Looking Into How Ziltivekimab Works Compared to Placebo in Participants With Heart Failure and Inflammation,\u201d ctv.veeva.com. 2025, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/cdek.pharmacy.purdue.edu\/trial\/NCT06286423\/."}],"container-title":["Heart Failure Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10741-025-10519-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10741-025-10519-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10741-025-10519-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T14:44:57Z","timestamp":1757169897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10741-025-10519-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"references-count":200,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10519"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10741-025-10519-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-7322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-7322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 April 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 May 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}