{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:45:26Z","timestamp":1791726326985,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81971517"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971517"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inflammation"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-024-02228-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T21:27:42Z","timestamp":1735248462000},"page":"2756-2771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Rhaponticin Alleviates Collagen-induced Arthritis by Inhibiting NLRP3\/GSDMD-mediated Neutrophil Extracellular Traps"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinhao","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenchen","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guotao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiming","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijuan","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuebing","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2228_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.02.006","volume":"46","author":"SF Gary","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gary, S.F., and B.M. Iain. 2017. Immunopathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Immunity 46: 183\u2013196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.02.006.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2228_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-024-3760-2","volume":"30","author":"G Kai-Xin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kai-Xin, G., Y. Yi-Hong, L. Qi, M. Li-Yan, L. You-Bang, W. Mao-Jie, C. Xiu-Min, H. Qing-Chun, W. Ze-Huai, and H. Run-Yue. 2024. Targeting Therapeutic Windows for Rheumatoid Arthritis Prevention. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 30: 842\u2013851. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11655-024-3760-2.","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine"},{"key":"2228_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13513","volume":"22","author":"L Chak Sing","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chak Sing, L., C. Faith, D. Leonila, H. Andrew, H. Tsu Yi, J. Rahul, J. Seung Min, K. Mitsumasa, K. Ashok, L. Khai Pang, et al. 2019. 2018 update of the APLAR recommendations for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases 22: 357\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185x.13513.","journal-title":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases"},{"key":"2228_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000993","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000993","volume":"5","author":"K Chatzidionysiou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chatzidionysiou, K., and P.P. Sfikakis. 2019. Low rates of remission with methotrexate monotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis: Review of randomised controlled trials could point towards a paradigm shift. RMD Open 5: e000993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000993.","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"2228_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3930","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab917","volume":"61","author":"AA Sherbini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sherbini, A.A., J.M. Gwinnutt, K.L. Hyrich, and S.M.M. Verstappen. 2022. Rates and predictors of methotrexate-related adverse events in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: Results from a nationwide UK study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 61: 3930\u20133938. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab917.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2228_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0039-z","volume":"14","author":"F Apel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Apel, F., A. Zychlinsky, and E. Kenny. 2018. The role of neutrophil extracellular traps in rheumatic diseases. Nature reviews Rheumatology 14: 467\u2013475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41584-018-0039-z.","journal-title":"Nature reviews Rheumatology"},{"key":"2228_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2019.01.003","volume":"98","author":"R Matthieu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Matthieu, R., S. Sarra, M. Julie, S. Mireille, C. Cyril, S. Guy, B. Marie-Christophe, S. Luca, and D. Patrice. 2019. Neutrophil extracellular traps exert both pro- and anti-inflammatory actions in rheumatoid arthritis that are modulated by C1q and LL-37. Journal of Autoimmunity 98: 122\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaut.2019.01.003.","journal-title":"Journal of Autoimmunity"},{"key":"2228_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202765","volume":"73","author":"P Federico","year":"2013","unstructured":"Federico, P., D. Ilaria, T. Cristina, A. Maria Claudia, P. Ilaria, B. Francesca, B. Francesca, P. Filomena, P. Ilaria, R. Paolo, and M. Paola. 2013. Antibodies from patients with rheumatoid arthritis target citrullinated histone 4 contained in neutrophils extracellular traps. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 73: 1414\u20131422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202765.","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"key":"2228_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26430","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26430","volume":"6","author":"K Joanna","year":"2016","unstructured":"Joanna, K., Q. Anne-Marie, G. Fatemeh, D. Simon, S. Venkataraman, R.T. Paul, O.W. Richard, F. Roman, B.L.T. Nicholas, and J.V. Patrick. 2016. Abrogation of collagen-induced arthritis by a peptidyl arginine deiminase inhibitor is associated with modulation of T cell-mediated immune responses. Science and Reports 6: 26430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep26430.","journal-title":"Science and Reports"},{"key":"2228_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390701252766","volume":"70","author":"Z Rui","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rui, Z., Ah.K. Kyoung, P. Mei Jing, L. Kyoung Hwa, J. Hye Suk, P. Min Jeong, K. Bum Joon, K. Jin Sook, K. Young Sup, R. Shi Yong, and H. Jin Won. 2007. Rhapontigenin from Rheum undulatum protects against oxidative-stress-induced cell damage through antioxidant activity. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A 70: 1155\u20131166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15287390701252766.","journal-title":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A"},{"key":"2228_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2017.03.020","volume":"47","author":"T Lijun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lijun, T., C. Juan, W. Wencheng, X. Haifeng, Z. Mian, and Z. Chaofeng. 2017. Protective role of rhapontin in experimental pulmonary fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. International Immunopharmacology 47: 38\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2017.03.020.","journal-title":"International Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"2228_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645140","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.645140","volume":"12","author":"H Jianbo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jianbo, H., C. Kai, D. Tiancheng, X. Jiewei, Z. Kunjing, Y. Jinbo, W. Ziyi, X. Zhifeng, G. Ronghe, C. Delong, et al. 2021. Inhibitory effects of rhaponticin on osteoclast formation and resorption by targeting RANKL-Induced NFATc1 and ROS activity. Frontiers in Pharmacology 12: 645140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2021.645140.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"key":"2228_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaba4353","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba4353","volume":"6","author":"NDS Mattias","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mattias, N.D.S., Z. Martina, Y. Shen, N. Gyrid, S. Christian, M.D. Karen, S. Kamil, M. Fumitaka, H. Frances, H. Rebecca, et al. 2020. Synoviocyte-targeted therapy synergizes with TNF inhibition in arthritis reversal. Science Advances 6: eaba4353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aba4353.","journal-title":"Science Advances"},{"key":"2228_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7326","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1909546117","volume":"117","author":"HR Thiam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thiam, H.R., S.L. Wong, R. Qiu, M. Kittisopikul, A. Vahabikashi, A.E. Goldman, R.D. Goldman, D.D. Wagner, and C.M. Waterman. 2020. NETosis proceeds by cytoskeleton and endomembrane disassembly and PAD4-mediated chromatin decondensation and nuclear envelope rupture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 117: 7326\u20137337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1909546117.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2228_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2020.153339","volume":"80","author":"X Ying","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ying, X., F. Sen-Ling, M. Chu-Tian, Z. Yan-Fang, W. Hui, L. Zhong-Qiu, Z. Hua, and L. Liang. 2020. Suppression of up-regulated LXR\u03b1 by silybin ameliorates experimental rheumatoid arthritis and abnormal lipid metabolism. Phytomedicine 80: 153339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2020.153339.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"2228_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2022.10.008","volume":"254","author":"Y Shuofei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shuofei, Y., F. Yu, C. Liang, W. Zheyu, C. Jiaquan, N. Qihong, G. Xiangjiang, Z. Lan, and X. Guanhua. 2022. Disulfiram accelerates diabetic foot ulcer healing by blocking NET formation via suppressing the NLRP3\/Caspase-1\/GSDMD pathway. PG - 115\u2013127. Translational Research 254: 115\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trsl.2022.10.008.","journal-title":"Translational Research"},{"key":"2228_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aar6676","volume":"3","author":"WC Kaiwen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kaiwen, W.C., M. Mercedes, B. Dave, S. Gabriel, R. Divya, and D.C. Nicholas. 2018. Jessica B vP, Petr B, Matthew J S, Kate S: Noncanonical inflammasome signaling elicits gasdermin D-dependent neutrophil extracellular traps. Science Immunology 3: 26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.aar6676.","journal-title":"Science Immunology"},{"key":"2228_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-0669-6","volume":"21","author":"H Jun Jacob","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jun Jacob, H., L. Xing, X. Shiyu, Z. Zhibin, Z. Ying, Z. Jingxia, R. Jianbin, L. Xuemei, L. Xiwen, B. Yang, et al. 2020. FDA-approved disulfiram inhibits pyroptosis by blocking gasdermin D pore formation. Nature Immunology 21: 736\u2013745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41590-020-0669-6.","journal-title":"Nature Immunology"},{"key":"2228_CR19","first-page":"532","volume":"53","author":"N Mittal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mittal, N., R. Mittal, A. Sharma, V. Jose, A. Wanchu, and S. Singh. 2012. Treatment failure with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Singapore Medical Journal 53: 532\u2013536.","journal-title":"Singapore Medical Journal"},{"key":"2228_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686155","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.686155","volume":"12","author":"H Jie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jie, H., F. Xuekun, C. Xinxin, L. Zheng, H. Yuhong, and L. Chao. 2021. Promising Therapeutic Targets for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Frontiers in Immunology 12: 686155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.686155.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"key":"2228_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22568","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22568","volume":"34","author":"S Qiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qiang, S., C. Yuhong, D. Xiaomin, Z. Ming, P. Cheng, and Z. Mingzhen. 2020. Effects of rhaponticin on retinal oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetes through NRF2\/HO-1\/NF-\u03baB signalling. Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology 34: e22568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbt.22568.","journal-title":"Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology"},{"key":"2228_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2016.11.024","volume":"42","author":"W Wencheng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wencheng, W., W. Lei, Z. Kai, X. Haifeng, Z. Mian, and Z. Chaofeng. 2016. Rhapontin ameliorates colonic epithelial dysfunction in experimental colitis through SIRT1 signaling. International Immunopharmacology 42: 185\u2013194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2016.11.024.","journal-title":"International Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"2228_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200606027","volume":"176","author":"AF Tobias","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tobias, A.F., A. Ulrike, G. Christian, H. Robert, S. Ilka, W. Volker, W. Yvette, B. Volker, and Z. Arturo. 2007. Novel cell death program leads to neutrophil extracellular traps. Journal of Cell Biology 176: 231\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.200606027.","journal-title":"Journal of Cell Biology"},{"key":"2228_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9080365","volume":"9","author":"R Mithunan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mithunan, R., A.K. Meraj, and P. Nades. 2019. Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation: Physiology, Pathology, and Pharmacology. Biomolecules 9: 365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom9080365.","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"2228_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e003847","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003847","volume":"10","author":"Y Haixin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Haixin, Y., Y. Qian, G. Huaxia, W. Xing, C. Lifang, H. Bingqi, H. Mukeng, M. Fopei, L. Meng, W. Xianghui, et al. 2024. Internalisation of neutrophils extracellular traps by macrophages aggravate rheumatoid arthritis via Rab5a. RMD Open 10: e003847. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003847.","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"2228_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109625","volume":"115","author":"C Zixue","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zixue, C., L.X. Nan, C. Ziyan, L. Mei, T. Zhicheng, W. Haolin, Y. Xinyi, W. Yue, W. Yuchun, T. Xiaojun, et al. 2023. SHIP1 is required for the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in rheumatoid arthritis. International Immunopharmacology 115: 693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109625.","journal-title":"International Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"2228_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15313","volume":"19","author":"X Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu, X., T. Arfman, K. Wichapong, C. Reutelingsperger, J. Voorberg, and G. Nicolaes. 2021. PAD4 takes charge during neutrophil activation: Impact of PAD4 mediated NET formation on immune-mediated disease. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis\u202f: JTH 19: 1607\u20131617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jth.15313.","journal-title":"Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH"},{"key":"2228_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15514","volume":"526","author":"S Jianjin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jianjin, S., Z. Yue, W. Kun, S. Xuyan, W. Yue, H. Huanwei, Z. Yinghua, C. Tao, W. Fengchao, and S. Feng. 2015. Cleavage of GSDMD by inflammatory caspases determines pyroptotic cell death. Nature 526: 660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature15514.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2228_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2702","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021011525","volume":"138","author":"SS Camila Meirelles","year":"2021","unstructured":"Camila Meirelles, S.S., S.W. Carlos Wagner, P.V. Flavio, S. Fabiane, C.N. Daniele, V.G. Augusto, V.M. Timna, F.C. David, F.B. Vanessa, S.B. Ver\u00f4nica, et al. 2021. Gasdermin D inhibition prevents multiple organ dysfunction during sepsis by blocking NET formation. Blood 138: 2702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2021011525.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2228_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-05138-4","volume":"13","author":"W Yujia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yujia, W., L. Yinshuang, C. Zhimin, Y. Ying, S. Qinglin, Y. Keng, C. Caiming, L. Guoping, S. Yankun, C. Hong, and X. Yanfang. 2022. GSDMD-dependent neutrophil extracellular traps promote macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition and renal fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy. Cell Death & Disease 13: 693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-022-05138-4.","journal-title":"Cell Death & Disease"},{"key":"2228_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen Z, Fangte L, Mengling Y, Siyi W, Yi Q, Lu Z, Lu Z, Jing H, Liming C, Fei L. 2023. GSDMD promotes neutrophil extracellular traps via mtDNA-cGAS-STING pathway during lung ischemia\/reperfusion. Cell Death Discovery 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41420-023-01663-z","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-023-01663-z"},{"key":"2228_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36522-z","volume":"14","author":"M Naijun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Naijun, M., W. Zhuning, W. Qinlan, X. Hongyan, Y. Ninghao, W. Yanzhe, W. Jin, K. Haixia, B. Wenjuan, W. Yuanyuan, et al. 2023. Oxidized mitochondrial DNA induces gasdermin D oligomerization in systemic lupus erythematosus. Nature Communications 14: 872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-023-36522-z.","journal-title":"Nature Communications"}],"container-title":["Inflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10753-024-02228-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10753-024-02228-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10753-024-02228-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T14:03:59Z","timestamp":1755180239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10753-024-02228-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["2228"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10753-024-02228-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-2576"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-2576","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Yangzhou University (approval no. 202401015) and was conducted in accordance with the National Research Council guidelines and the Ethics Committee.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interest"}}]}}