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(aerial parts) and its fractions were evaluated in vitro, and active fraction was evaluated in vivo. Among tested extracts, dichloromethane fraction (DCM-F) exhibited the strongest inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The effect of DCM-F on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice was studied. The animals were divided into five groups (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20097) randomly; Gp I: negative control, GP II: positive control (LPS group), GP III: standard (dexamethasone, 2\u00a0mg\/kg b.wt), GP IV and V: DCM-F (100\u00a0mg\/kg), and DEM-F (200\u00a0mg\/kg), respectively. DCM-F at a dose of 200\u00a0mg\/kg suppressed the ability of LPS to increase the levels of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), NO, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), and interleukin 6 (IL-6), as measured by ELISA. In addition, the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was reduced (determined by immunohistochemistry) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased while that of catalase was restored to the normal values. Furthermore, the histopathological scores of inflammation induced by LPS were reduced. Twenty-two compounds were tentatively identified in DCM-F using LC\/ESI-QToF with iridoids, phenolic derivatives and flavonoids as major constituents. Identified compounds were subjected to two different molecular docking processes against iNOS and prostaglandin E synthase-1 target receptors. Notably, protoplumericin A and 13-\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    -coumaroyl plumeride were the most promising members compared to the co-crystallized inhibitor in each case. These findings suggested that DCM-F attenuates the LPS-induced ALI in experimental animals through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-023-01144-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,11]],"date-time":"2023-02-11T11:03:36Z","timestamp":1676113416000},"page":"859-875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Bioactive fraction from Plumeria obtusa L. attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice and\u00a0inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages: LC\/QToF-MS and molecular docking"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Yousra T.","family":"Eloutify","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3179-3352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riham A.","family":"El-Shiekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6968-3653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled Meselhy","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2691-7725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed R.","family":"Hamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8173-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Al-Karmalawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8212-2797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aya A.","family":"Shokry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8061-6424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasmine H.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8656-9526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bharathi","family":"Avula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8787-4602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kumar","family":"Katragunta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5464-4643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ikhlas A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3488-7522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meselhy R.","family":"Meselhy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"1144_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16557","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NJ02710G","volume":"45","author":"AE Abdallah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdallah AE, Alesawy MS, Eissa SI, El-Fakharany EM, Kalaba MH, Sharaf MH, Abo Shama NM, Mahmoud SH, Mostafa A, Al-Karmalawy AA, Elkady H (2021) Design and synthesis of new 4-(2-nitrophenoxy)benzamide derivatives as potential antiviral agents: molecular modeling and in vitro antiviral screening. 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