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In the absence of any robust mechanistic and clinical evidence, this speculation led to confusion about the safety of ibuprofen, contributing to the so-called \u2018infodemic\u2019 surrounding COVID-19. A wealth of evidence has been generated in subsequent years, and this narrative review aims to consider the body of in vitro and in vivo research, observational studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the use of NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, in COVID-19. Overall, the direction of evidence supports that NSAIDs do not increase susceptibility to infection, nor worsen disease outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Neither do they impact the immune response to COVID-19 vaccines. There is no basis to limit the use of NSAIDs, and doing so may deprive patients of effective self-care measures to control symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-023-01309-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T09:02:06Z","timestamp":1692608526000},"page":"2147-2159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Ibuprofen, other NSAIDs and COVID-19: a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4076-2299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Laughey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Lodhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Pennick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucinda","family":"Smart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olutoba","family":"Sanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suneet","family":"Sandhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Charlesworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1309_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-020-00363-w","volume":"10","author":"LC Abu Esba","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abu Esba LC, Alqahtani RA, Thomas A, Shamas N, Alswaidan L, Mardawi G (2021) Ibuprofen and NSAID use in COVID-19 infected patients is not associated with worse outcomes: a prospective cohort study. 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