{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T12:31:25Z","timestamp":1785155485484,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745193600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inflammopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-025-01733-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T16:53:21Z","timestamp":1745254401000},"page":"2657-2677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Exploring the therapeutic potential of NLRP3 inhibitors in Parkinson's Disease: a systematic review of in-vivo studies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Najwane Said","family":"Sadier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inaam Ali","family":"Hazimeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walaa","family":"Khazaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amani Al Khayat","family":"Al Sabouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulmajeed G.","family":"Almutary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah M.","family":"Alnuqaydan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Abou-Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1733_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.09.017","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahmed S, Kwatra M, Panda SR, Murty USN, Naidu VGM (2021) Andrographolide suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia through induction of parkin-mediated mitophagy in in-vitro and in-vivo models of Parkinson disease. Brain Behav Immun 91:142\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.09.017","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"1733_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28268","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahmed S, Naidu V (2020) Andrograholide protect microglial activation via inhibiting mitochondrial ROS generation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in in-vitro and in-vivo model of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.28268","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"1733_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.1c00550","volume":"13","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmed S, Panda SR, Kwatra M, Sahu BD, Naidu V (2022) Perillyl alcohol attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and rescues dopaminergic neurons in experimental in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson\u2019s disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 13(1):53\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acschemneuro.1c00550","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"1733_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01511","author":"BI Arioz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Arioz BI, Tastan B, Tarakcioglu E, Tufekci KU, Olcum M, Ersoy N, Bagriyanik A, Genc K, Genc S (2019) Melatonin attenuates LPS-induced acute depressive-like behaviors and microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the SIRT1\/Nrf2 pathway. Front Immunol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01511","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1733_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30230-7","volume":"15","author":"A Ascherio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ascherio A, Schwarzschild MA (2016) The epidemiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease: Risk factors and prevention. Lancet Neurol 15(12):1257\u20131272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30230-7","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1733_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25122735","volume":"25","author":"SA Ashraf","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ashraf SA, Elkhalifa AEO, Siddiqui AJ, Patel M, Awadelkareem AM, Snoussi M, Ashraf MS, Adnan M, Hadi S (2020) Cordycepin for health and wellbeing: a potent bioactive metabolite of an entomopathogenic cordyceps medicinal fungus and its nutraceutical and therapeutic potential. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 25(12):2735. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules25122735","journal-title":"Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"1733_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901363","author":"FG Bauernfeind","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bauernfeind FG, Horvath G, Stutz A, Alnemri ES, MacDonald K, Speert D, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Wu J, Monks BG, Fitzgerald KA, Hornung V, Latz E (2009) Cutting Edge: NF-\u03baB Activating Pattern Recognition and Cytokine Receptors License NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Regulating NLRP3 Expression Abstract. J Immun 183(2):787\u2013791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.0901363","journal-title":"J Immun"},{"issue":"12","key":"1733_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M115.053926","volume":"14","author":"H Bell-Temin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bell-Temin H, Culver-Cochran AE, Chaput D, Carlson CM, Kuehl M, Burkhardt BR, Bickford PC, Liu B, Stevens SM (2015) Novel molecular insights into classical and alternative activation states of microglia as revealed by stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based proteomics. Mol Cellul Proteomics: MCP 14(12):3173\u20133184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/mcp.M115.053926","journal-title":"Mol Cellul Proteomics: MCP"},{"issue":"2","key":"1733_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/s0197-4580(02)00065-9","volume":"24","author":"H Braak","year":"2003","unstructured":"Braak H, Del Tredici K, R\u00fcb U, de Vos RAI, Jansen Steur ENH, Braak E (2003) Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Aging 24(2):197\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0197-4580(02)00065-9","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"3","key":"1733_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.11.141","volume":"522","author":"X Cheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng X, Xu S, Zhang C, Qin K, Yan J, Shao X (2020) The BRCC3 regulated by Cdk5 promotes the activation of neuronal NLRP3 inflammasome in Parkinson\u2019s disease models. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 522(3):647\u2013654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.11.141","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"1733_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1999.tb00721.x","volume":"100","author":"RJ Dobbs","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dobbs RJ, Charlett A, Purkiss AG, Dobbs SM, Weller C, Peterson DW (1999) Association of circulating TNF-alpha and IL-6 with ageing and parkinsonism. Acta Neurol Scand 100(1):34\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1999.tb00721.x","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"1733_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-017-1036-x","author":"Z Fan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fan Z, Liang Z, Yang H, Pan Y, Zheng Y, Wang X (2017) Tenuigenin protects dopaminergic neurons from inflammation via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia. J Neuroinflam. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-017-1036-x","journal-title":"J Neuroinflam"},{"issue":"6211","key":"1733_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1259652","volume":"346","author":"F Fernandez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fernandez F, Lu D, Ha P, Costacurta P, Chavez R, Heller HC, Ruby NF (2014) Dysrhythmia in the suprachiasmatic nucleus inhibits memory processing. Science 346(6211):854\u2013857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1259652","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1733_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2020.08.015","volume":"164","author":"M-R Gao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gao M-R, Wang M, Jia Y-Y, Tian D-D, Liu A, Wang W-J, Yang L, Chen J-Y, Yang Q, Liu R, Wu Y-M (2020) Echinacoside protects dopaminergic neurons by inhibiting NLRP3\/Caspase-1\/IL-1\u03b2 signaling pathway in MPTP-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease model. Brain Res Bull 164:55\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2020.08.015","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"1733_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.116978","volume":"237","author":"S Gao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gao S, Xu T, Guo H, Deng Q, Xun C, Liang W, Sheng W (2019) Ameliorative effects of echinacoside against spinal cord injury via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. Life Sci 237:116978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.116978","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"1733_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.2174\/156802661510150328222828","volume":"15","author":"PJ Gilligan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gilligan PJ (2015) Recent progress in drug discovery for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Curr Top Med Chem 15(10):905\u2013907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/156802661510150328222828","journal-title":"Curr Top Med Chem"},{"key":"1733_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aah4066","author":"R Gordon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gordon R, Albornoz EA, Christie DC, Langley MR, Kumar V, Mantovani S, Robertson AAB, Butler MS, Rowe DB, O\u2019Neill LA, Kanthasamy AG, Schroder K, Cooper MA, Woodruff TM (2018) Inflammasome inhibition prevents \u03b1-synuclein pathology and dopaminergic neurodegeneration in mice. Sci Transl Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aah4066","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"1733_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2019.1596481","volume":"15","author":"X Han","year":"2019","unstructured":"Han X, Sun S, Sun Y, Song Q, Zhu J, Song N, Chen M, Sun T, Xia M, Ding J, Lu M, Yao H, Hu G (2019) Small molecule-driven NLRP3 inflammation inhibition via interplay between ubiquitination and autophagy: Implications for Parkinson disease. Autophagy 15(11):1860\u20131881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15548627.2019.1596481","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"1733_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102010","volume":"44","author":"X Han","year":"2021","unstructured":"Han X, Xu T, Fang Q, Zhang H, Yue L, Hu G, Sun L (2021) Quercetin hinders microglial activation to alleviate neurotoxicity via the interplay between NLRP3 inflammasome and mitophagy. Redox Biol 44:102010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102010","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1733_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-021-02268-5","volume":"141","author":"AS Harms","year":"2021","unstructured":"Harms AS, Ferreira SA, Romero-Ramos M (2021) Periphery and brain, innate and adaptive immunity in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Acta Neuropathol 141(4):527\u2013545. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-021-02268-5","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"7434","key":"1733_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11729","volume":"493","author":"MT Heneka","year":"2013","unstructured":"Heneka MT, Kummer MP, Stutz A, Delekate A, Schwartz S, Vieira-Saecker A, Griep A, Axt D, Remus A, Tzeng T-C, Gelpi E, Halle A, Korte M, Latz E, Golenbock DT (2013) NLRP3 is activated in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and contributes to pathology in APP\/PS1 mice. Nature 493(7434):674\u2013678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature11729","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"1733_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-43","volume":"14","author":"CR Hooijmans","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hooijmans CR, Rovers MM, De Vries RB, Leenaars M, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Langendam MW (2014a) SYRCLE\u2019s risk of bias tool for animal studies. BMC Med Res Methodol 14(1):43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2288-14-43","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"1733_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-43","author":"CR Hooijmans","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hooijmans CR, Rovers MM, de Vries RBM, Leenaars M, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Langendam MW (2014b) SYRCLE\u2019s risk of bias tool for animal studies. BMC Med Res Methodol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2288-14-43","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"1733_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2021.577543","volume":"354","author":"S Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang S, Chen Z, Fan B, Chen Y, Zhou L, Jiang B, Long H, Zhong W, Li X, Li Y (2021) A selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor attenuates behavioral deficits and neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Neuroimmunol 354:577543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2021.577543","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"1733_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618787","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.618787","volume":"11","author":"S Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang S, Liu H, Lin Y, Liu M, Li Y, Mao H, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Ye P, Ding L, Zhu Z, Yang X, Chen C, Zhu X, Huang X, Guo W, Xu P, Lu L (2020) Berberine protects against NLRP3 inflammasome via ameliorating autophagic impairment in MPTP-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease model. Front Pharmacol 11:618787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2020.618787","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1733_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527318666190905152138","volume":"18","author":"X Jiang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jiang X, Tang P-C, Chen Q, Zhang X, Fan Y-Y, Yu B-C, Gu X-X, Sun Y, Ge X-Q, Zhang X-L (2019) Cordycepin exerts neuroprotective effects via an anti-apoptotic mechanism based on the mitochondrial pathway in a rotenone-induced parkinsonism rat model. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 18(8):609\u2013620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1871527318666190905152138","journal-title":"CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"1733_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109451","volume":"113","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang Z, Yin X, Wang M, Wang Y, Li F, Gao Y, Han G, Gao Z, Wang Z (2022) \u03b2-Hydroxybutyrate alleviates pyroptosis in MPP+\/MPTP-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease models via inhibiting STAT3\/NLRP3\/GSDMD pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 113(Pt B):109451. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109451","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1733_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2011.02793.x","volume":"65","author":"K Kalinderi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kalinderi K, Fidani L, Katsarou Z, Bostantjopoulou S (2011) Pharmacological treatment and the prospect of pharmacogenetics in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Int J Clin Pract 65(12):1289\u20131294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2011.02793.x","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"1733_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11928-w","author":"P Krashia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Krashia P, Cordella A, Nobili A, La Barbera L, Federici M, Leuti A, Campanelli F, Natale G, Marino G, Calabrese V, Vedele F, Ghiglieri V, Picconi B, Di Lazzaro G, Schirinzi T, Sancesario G, Casadei N, Riess O, Bernardini S et al (2019) Blunting neuroinflammation with resolvin D1 prevents early pathology in a rat model of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Nat Commun. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-019-11928-w","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1733_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1549549","author":"Y Lang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lang Y, Chu F, Shen D, Zhang W, Zheng C, Zhu J, Cui L (2018) Role of inflammasomes in neuroimmune and neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review. Mediat Inflamm. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/1549549","journal-title":"Mediat Inflamm"},{"issue":"2","key":"1733_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-018-0124-5","volume":"26","author":"E Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee E, Hwang I, Park S, Hong S, Hwang B, Cho Y, Son J, Yu J-W (2019) MPTP-driven NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia plays a central role in dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Cell Death Differ 26(2):213\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41418-018-0124-5","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"issue":"3","key":"1733_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2021.039","volume":"29","author":"Y-H Leem","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leem Y-H, Park J-S, Park J-E, Kim D-Y, Kim H-S (2021) Papaverine exerts neuroprotective effect by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in an MPTP-induced microglial priming mouse model challenged with LPS. Biomol Therap 29(3):295\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4062\/biomolther.2021.039","journal-title":"Biomol Therap"},{"issue":"21","key":"1733_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5206","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25215206","volume":"25","author":"H Lei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lei H, Ren R, Sun Y, Zhang K, Zhao X, Ablat N, Pu X (2020) Neuroprotective effects of safflower flavonoid extract in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced model of Parkinson\u2019s disease may be related to its anti-inflammatory action. Molecules 25(21):5206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules25215206","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"1733_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2020.112539","volume":"383","author":"Q Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu Q, Guo X, Huang Z, He Q, Zhu D, Zhang S, Peng Z, Che Y, Feng X (2020) Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of dimethylaminomylide (DMAMCL, i.e., ACT001) are associated with attenuating the NLRP3 inflammasome in MPTP-induced Parkinson disease in mice. Behav Brain Res 383:112539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2020.112539","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"1733_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0606-2_7","volume":"1209","author":"T Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu T (2019) Regulation of inflammasome by autophagy. Adv Exp Med Biol 1209:109\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-15-0606-2_7","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1733_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b18-00407","volume":"41","author":"CW Lu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lu CW, Hsieh HL, Lin TY, Hsieh TY, Huang SK, Wang SJ (2018) Echinacoside, an active constituent of Cistanche Herba, exerts a neuroprotective effect in a kainic acid rat model by inhibiting inflammatory processes and activating the Akt\/GSK3\u03b2 pathway. Biol Pharmaceut Bull 41(11):1685\u20131693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1248\/bpb.b18-00407","journal-title":"Biol Pharmaceut Bull"},{"key":"1733_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-018-0143-7","volume":"8","author":"S-Z Lu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lu S-Z, Guo Y-S, Liang P-Z, Zhang S-Z, Yin S, Yin Y-Q, Wang X-M, Ding F, Gu X-S, Zhou J-W (2019) Suppression of astrocytic autophagy by \u03b1B-crystallin contributes to \u03b1-synuclein inclusion formation. Transl Neurodegener 8:3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40035-018-0143-7","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"1733_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3571604","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3571604","volume":"2018","author":"Y Mo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mo Y, Xu E, Wei R, Le B, Song L, Li D, Chen Y, Ji X, Fang S, Shen J, Yang C, Wang Q (2018) Bushen-\u2013Yizhi formula alleviates neuroinflammation via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a mouse model of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Evid-Based Complement Altern Med: Ecam 2018:3571604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/3571604","journal-title":"Evid-Based Complement Altern Med: Ecam"},{"issue":"1","key":"1733_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(96)12706-3","volume":"211","author":"M Mogi","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mogi M, Harada M, Narabayashi H, Inagaki H, Minami M, Nagatsu T (1996) Interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and transforming growth factor-alpha levels are elevated in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid in juvenile parkinsonism and Parkinson\u2019s disease. Neurosci Lett 211(1):13\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0304-3940(96)12706-3","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"1733_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616357","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.616357","volume":"12","author":"H Murakami","year":"2021","unstructured":"Murakami H, Ono K, Shiraishi T, Umehara T, Omoto S, Iguchi Y (2021) Mini Review: Correlations of cognitive domains with cerebrospinal fluid \u03b1-synuclein levels in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 12:616357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2020.616357","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"1733_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13139","volume":"173","author":"R Orihuela","year":"2016","unstructured":"Orihuela R, McPherson CA, Harry GJ (2016) Microglial M1\/M2 polarization and metabolic states. Br J Pharmacol 173(4):649\u2013665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bph.13139","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1733_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20190545","volume":"216","author":"P Orning","year":"2019","unstructured":"Orning P, Lien E, Fitzgerald KA (2019) Gasdermins and their role in immunity and inflammation. J Exp Med 216(11):2453\u20132465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20190545","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"1733_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n160","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n160","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, Moher D, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, Shamseer L, Tetzlaff JM, Akl EA, Brennan SE, Chou R, Glanville J, Grimshaw JM, Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Lalu MM, Li T, Loder EW, Mayo-Wilson E, McDonald S et al (2021a) PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ (Clin Res Ed+) 372:n160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n160","journal-title":"BMJ (Clin Res Ed+)"},{"key":"1733_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n160","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n160","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, Moher D, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, Shamseer L, Tetzlaff JM, Akl EA, Brennan SE, Chou R, Glanville J, Grimshaw JM, Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Lalu MM, Li T, Loder EW, Mayo-Wilson E, McDonald S et al (2021b) PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ (Clin Res Ed) 372:n160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n160","journal-title":"BMJ (Clin Res Ed)"},{"issue":"7","key":"1733_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9071687","volume":"9","author":"M Pajares","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pajares M, Rojo AI, Manda G, Bosc\u00e1 L, Cuadrado A (2020) Inflammation in Parkinson\u2019s disease: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Cells 9(7):1687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells9071687","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"3","key":"1733_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12989","volume":"155","author":"P Palazon-Riquelme","year":"2018","unstructured":"Palazon-Riquelme P, Lopez-Castejon G (2018) The inflammasomes, immune guardians at defence barriers. Immunology 155(3):320\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.12989","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"1733_CR45","unstructured":"Parkinson Disease in the Elderly Adult\u2014PMC. (2023). https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6179875\/"},{"issue":"12","key":"1733_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20528","volume":"55","author":"L Pellerin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pellerin L, Bouzier-Sore A-K, Aubert A, Serres S, Merle M, Costalat R, Magistretti PJ (2007) Activity-dependent regulation of energy metabolism by astrocytes: an update. Glia 55(12):1251\u20131262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.20528","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"1733_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2017.04.006","volume":"156","author":"AO Pires","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pires AO, Teixeira FG, Mendes-Pinheiro B, Serra SC, Sousa N, Salgado AJ (2017) Old and new challenges in Parkinson\u2019s disease therapeutics. Prog Neurobiol 156:69\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2017.04.006","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"1733_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17013","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.13","volume":"3","author":"W Poewe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Poewe W, Seppi K, Tanner CM, Halliday GM, Brundin P, Volkmann J, Schrag A-E, Lang AE (2017) Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers 3:17013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2017.13","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"1733_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2021.05.008","volume":"349","author":"X Qiu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qiu X, Wang Q, Hou L, Zhang C, Wang Q, Zhao X (2021) Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by glibenclamide attenuated dopaminergic neurodegeneration and motor deficits in paraquat and maneb-induced mouse Parkinson\u2019s disease model. Toxicol Lett 349:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxlet.2021.05.008","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"1733_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00214","volume":"9","author":"AI Ramirez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ramirez AI, de Hoz R, Salobrar-Garcia E, Salazar JJ, Rojas B, Ajoy D, L\u00f3pez-Cuenca I, Rojas P, Trivi\u00f1o A, Ram\u00edrez JM (2017) The role of microglia in retinal neurodegeneration: Alzheimer\u2019s disease, Parkinson, and glaucoma. Front Aging Neurosci 9:214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00214","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"1733_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyaa060","volume":"23","author":"W Rui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rui W, Li S, Xiao H, Xiao M, Shi J (2020) Baicalein attenuates neuroinflammation by inhibiting NLRP3\/caspase-1\/GSDMD pathway in MPTP induced mice model of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 23(11):762\u2013773. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ijnp\/pyaa060","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1733_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-019-0724-6","volume":"14","author":"D Song","year":"2020","unstructured":"Song D, Hao J, Fan D (2020) Biological properties and clinical applications of berberine. Front Med 14(5):564\u2013582. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11684-019-0724-6","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1733_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-1-14","volume":"1","author":"WJ Streit","year":"2004","unstructured":"Streit WJ, Mrak RE, Griffin WST (2004) Microglia and neuroinflammation: a pathological perspective. J Neuroinflamm 1(1):14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1742-2094-1-14","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"issue":"9","key":"1733_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12091255","volume":"12","author":"G Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun G, Zhang R, Liu C, Meng W, Pang Q (2022) Itaconate attenuates neuroinflammation and exerts dopamine neuroprotection in Parkinson\u2019s disease through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. Brain Sci 12(9):1255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci12091255","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"1733_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2020.104274","volume":"75","author":"Y Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun Y, Huang W, Tang P, Zhang X, Zhang X, Yu B, Fan Y-Y, Ge X, Zhang X-L (2020) Neuroprotective effects of natural cordycepin on LPS-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease through suppressing TLR4\/NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. J Funct Foods 75:104274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jff.2020.104274","journal-title":"J Funct Foods"},{"issue":"6","key":"1733_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23901","volume":"524","author":"K Taguchi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Taguchi K, Watanabe Y, Tsujimura A, Tanaka M (2016) Brain region-dependent differential expression of alpha-synuclein. J Comp Neurol 524(6):1236\u20131258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.23901","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1733_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2018.11.034","volume":"95","author":"T Tajima","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tajima T, Yoshifuji A, Matsui A, Itoh T, Uchiyama K, Kanda T, Tokuyama H, Wakino S, Itoh H (2019) \u03b2-hydroxybutyrate attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury through its anti-pyroptotic effects. Kidney Int 95(5):1120\u20131137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2018.11.034","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"1733_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2019.04.006","volume":"175","author":"C Tranchant","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tranchant C (2019) Introduction and classical environmental risk factors for Parkinson. Revue Neurol 175(10):650\u2013651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurol.2019.04.006","journal-title":"Revue Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1733_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0210888","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210888","volume":"14","author":"R Waller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Waller R, Baxter L, Fillingham DJ, Coelho S, Pozo JM, Mozumder M, Frangi AF, Ince PG, Simpson JE, Highley JR (2019) Iba-1-\/CD68+ microglia are a prominent feature of age-associated deep subcortical white matter lesions. PLoS ONE 14(1):e0210888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0210888","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"1733_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3638","volume":"15","author":"JG Walsh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Walsh JG, Muruve DA, Power C (2014) Inflammasomes in the CNS. Nat Rev Neurosci 15(2):84\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn3638","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"1733_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2021.105254","volume":"152","author":"K Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang K, Lu C, Wang T, Qiao C, Lu L, Wu D, Lu M, Chen R, Fan L, Tang J (2022) Hyperoside suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome in Parkinson\u2019s disease via pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. Neurochem Int 152:105254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2021.105254","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"1733_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-016-0426-6","author":"T Wichmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wichmann T, DeLong MR (2016) Deep brain stimulation for movement disorders of basal ganglia origin: restoring function or functionality? Neurotherapeutics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13311-016-0426-6","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"1733_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10040529","author":"H Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu H, Liu X, Gao Z-Y, Lin M, Zhao X, Sun Y, Pu X-P (2021) Icaritin provides neuroprotection in Parkinson\u2019s disease by attenuating neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and energy deficiency. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox10040529","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"1733_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.003","volume":"134","author":"L-L Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu L-L, Wu Y-F, Yan F, Li C-C, Dai Z, You Q-D, Jiang Z-Y, Di B (2019) 5-(3,4-Difluorophenyl)-3-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (DDO-7263), a novel Nrf2 activator targeting brain tissue, protects against MPTP-induced subacute Parkinson\u2019s disease in mice by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome and protects PC12 cells against oxidative stress. Free Radical Biol Med 134:288\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.003","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"key":"1733_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.11.047","author":"Y Yan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yan Y, Jiang W, Liu L, Wang X, Ding C, Tian Z, Zhou R (2015) Dopamine controls systemic inflammation through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome. Cell. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2014.11.047","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1733_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.05.036","volume":"75","author":"C Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang C, Mo Y, Xu E, Wen H, Wei R, Li S, Zheng J, Li W, Le B, Chen Y, Pan H, Huang S, Wang S, Wang Q (2019) Astragaloside IV ameliorates motor deficits and dopaminergic neuron degeneration via inhibiting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in a Parkinson\u2019s disease mouse model. Int Immunopharmacol 75:105651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.05.036","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1733_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-019-09843-4","volume":"14","author":"S Yao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yao S, Li L, Sun X, Hua J, Zhang K, Hao L, Liu L, Shi D, Zhou H (2019) FTY720 inhibits MPP+-induced microglial activation by affecting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 14(3):478\u2013492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11481-019-09843-4","journal-title":"J Neuroimmune Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1733_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3804","volume":"21","author":"Y-H Youm","year":"2015","unstructured":"Youm Y-H, Nguyen KY, Grant RW, Goldberg EL, Bodogai M, Kim D, D\u2019Agostino D, Planavsky N, Lupfer C, Kanneganti TD, Kang S, Horvath TL, Fahmy TM, Crawford PA, Biragyn A, Alnemri E, Dixit VD (2015) The ketone metabolite \u03b2-hydroxybutyrate blocks NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory disease. Nat Med 21(3):263\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.3804","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"1733_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102134","volume":"47","author":"C Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang C, Zhao M, Wang B, Su Z, Guo B, Qin L, Zhang W, Zheng R (2021) The Nrf2-NLRP3-caspase-1 axis mediates the neuroprotective effects of Celastrol in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Redox Biol 47:102134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102134","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1733_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9405","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103215","volume":"12","author":"X Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang X, Zhang Y, Li R, Zhu L, Fu B, Yan T (2020) Salidroside ameliorates Parkinson\u2019s disease by inhibiting NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis. Aging 12(10):9405\u20139426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.103215","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"1733_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S317672","volume":"14","author":"R Zheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zheng R, Ruan Y, Yan Y, Lin Z, Xue N, Yan Y, Tian J, Yin X, Pu J, Zhang B (2021) Melatonin attenuates neuroinflammation by down-regulating NLRP3 inflammasome via a SIRT1-dependent pathway in MPTP-induced models of Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Inflamm Res 14:3063\u20133075. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JIR.S317672","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"1733_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-016-0094-3","volume":"11","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Lu M, Du R-H, Qiao C, Jiang C-Y, Zhang K-Z, Ding J-H, Hu G (2016) MicroRNA-7 targets Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome to modulate neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mol Neurodegener 11:28. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-016-0094-3","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"1733_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.08.025","volume":"90","author":"J Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu J, Sun T, Zhang J, Liu Y, Wang D, Zhu H, Yao H, Ding J, Hu G, Lu M (2020) Drd2 biased agonist prevents neurodegeneration against NLRP3 inflammasome in Parkinson\u2019s disease model via a \u03b2-arrestin2-biased mechanism. Brain Behav Immun 90:259\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.08.025","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"}],"container-title":["Inflammopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10787-025-01733-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10787-025-01733-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10787-025-01733-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T06:06:34Z","timestamp":1750226794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10787-025-01733-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1733"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10787-025-01733-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0925-4692","1568-5608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0925-4692","type":"print"},{"value":"1568-5608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 February 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}