{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:08:23Z","timestamp":1792184903019,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":222,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inflammopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-025-01900-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T06:39:52Z","timestamp":1755499192000},"page":"5203-5234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Unlocking the molecular pathway of atopic dermatitis: journey so far and roads ahead"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Sourabh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohit","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumari","family":"Komal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2042-1243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manish","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1900_CR1","unstructured":"Abiakam NS (2023) Detecting early signs of skin damage using non-invasive biophysical parameters. University of Southampton"},{"key":"1900_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s004030050317","volume":"290","author":"L Ackermann","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ackermann L, Harvima I (1998) Mast cells of psoriatic and atopic dermatitis skin are positive for TNF-\u03b1 and their degranulation is associated with expression of ICAM-1 in the epidermis. Arch Dermatol Res 290:353\u2013359","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"1900_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361005","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1361005","volume":"15","author":"M Afshari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Afshari M, Kolackova M, Rosecka M, \u010celakovsk\u00e1 J, Krejsek J (2024) Unraveling the skin; a comprehensive review of atopic dermatitis, current understanding, and approaches. Front Immunol 15:1361005","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-014-0433-9","volume":"14","author":"R Agrawal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Agrawal R, Woodfolk JA (2014) Skin barrier defects in atopic dermatitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 14:1\u201311","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"1900_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-023-00806-9","volume":"18","author":"YM Ahn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ahn YM, Shin S, Jang J-H, Jung J (2023) Bojungikgi-tang improves skin barrier function and immune response in atopic dermatitis mice fed a low aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand diet. Chin Med 18:100","journal-title":"Chin Med"},{"key":"1900_CR6","unstructured":"Akdi\u015f M (2009) Mechanisms of allergic inflammation. G\u00fcncel Pediatri 7:24\u201330"},{"key":"1900_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.12.1171","volume":"121","author":"T Akkoc","year":"2008","unstructured":"Akkoc T, de Koning PJ, R\u00fcckert B, Barlan I, Akdis M, Akdis CA (2008) Increased activation-induced cell death of high IFN-\u03b3\u2013producing TH1 cells as a mechanism of TH2 predominance in atopic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 121:652-658.e1","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2018.02.025","volume":"106","author":"A Alyoussef","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alyoussef A (2018) Blocking TGF-\u03b2 type 1 receptor partially reversed skin tissue damage in experimentally induced atopic dermatitis in mice. Cytokine 106:45\u201353","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"1900_CR9","unstructured":"Anderson ZT (2021) The pathomechanistic role of neuropeptide Y in the skin: overexpression of NPY induces chronic inflammation and skin pathology. The University of Alabama, Birmingham"},{"key":"1900_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.838434","volume":"13","author":"ZT Anderson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Anderson ZT, Dawson AD, Slominski AT, Harris ML (2022) Current insights into the role of neuropeptide Y in skin physiology and pathology. Front Endocrinol 13:838434","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"1900_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-008-0050-6","volume":"8","author":"J Arndt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Arndt J, Smith N, Tausk F (2008) Stress and atopic dermatitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 8:312\u2013317","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"1900_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2022.104145","volume":"80","author":"S Atmakuri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Atmakuri S, Nene S, Jain H, Joga R, Devabattula G, Godugu C, Srivastava S (2023) Topical delivery of tofacitinib citrate loaded novel nanoemulgel for the management of 2, 4-dichlorodinitrobenzene induced atopic dermatitis in mice model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 80:104145","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Technol"},{"key":"1900_CR13","unstructured":"Au S, Levin A, Gottlieb A (2014) Auto-Immunity & Inflammation Psoriasis drug failure rates of biologics compared to conventional systemic therapies"},{"key":"1900_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2012.05.006","volume":"67","author":"SK Back","year":"2012","unstructured":"Back SK, Jeong K-Y, Li C, Lee J, Lee S-B, Na HS (2012) Chronically relapsing pruritic dermatitis in the rats treated as neonate with capsaicin; a potential rat model of human atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 67:111\u2013119","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2022.100131","volume":"2","author":"LA Beck","year":"2022","unstructured":"Beck LA, Cork MJ, Amagai M, de Benedetto A, Kabashima K, Hamilton JD, Rossi AB (2022) Type 2 inflammation contributes to skin barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis. JID Innov 2:100131","journal-title":"JID Innov"},{"key":"1900_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.98006","author":"E Berdyshev","year":"2018","unstructured":"Berdyshev E, Goleva E, Bronova I, Dyjack N, Rios C, Jung J, Taylor P, Jeong M, Hall CF, Richers BN (2018) Lipid abnormalities in atopic skin are driven by type 2 cytokines. JCI Insight. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci.insight.98006","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"1900_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9030196","volume":"9","author":"L Bertino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bertino L, Guarneri F, Cannav\u00f2 SP, Casciaro M, Pioggia G, Gangemi S (2020) Oxidative stress and atopic dermatitis. Antioxidants 9:196","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"1900_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00266-6","volume":"21","author":"T Bieber","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bieber T (2022) Atopic dermatitis: an expanding therapeutic pipeline for a complex disease. Nat Rev Drug Discov 21:21\u201340","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"1900_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13223-016-0158-5","volume":"12","author":"L Bin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bin L, Leung DY (2016) Genetic and epigenetic studies of atopic dermatitis. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 12:1\u201314","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.06.047","volume":"144","author":"R Bissonnette","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bissonnette R, Pavel AB, Diaz A, Werth JL, Zang C, Vranic I, Purohit VS, Zielinski MA, Vlahos B, Estrada YD (2019) Crisaborole and atopic dermatitis skin biomarkers: an intrapatient randomized trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 144:1274\u20131289","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.09.034","volume":"137","author":"S Blunder","year":"2017","unstructured":"Blunder S, R\u00fchl R, Moosbrugger-Martinz V, Krimmel C, Geisler A, Zhu H, Crumrine D, Elias PM, Gruber R, Schmuth M (2017) Alterations in epidermal eicosanoid metabolism contribute to inflammation and impaired late differentiation in FLG-mutated atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 137:706\u2013715","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR22","unstructured":"Borkowski AW (2014) The pattern recognition receptor toll-like receptor 3 regulates skin barrier homeostasis. University of California, San Diego"},{"key":"1900_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.39","volume":"133","author":"AW Borkowski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Borkowski AW, Park K, Uchida Y, Gallo RL (2013) Activation of TLR3 in keratinocytes increases expression of genes involved in formation of the epidermis, lipid accumulation, and epidermal organelles. J Invest Dermatol 133:2031\u20132040","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR24","unstructured":"Brandt EB, Sivaprasad U (2011) Th2 cytokines and atopic dermatitis. J Clin Cell Immunol 2:110"},{"key":"1900_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2022.03.004","volume":"128","author":"S Butala","year":"2022","unstructured":"Butala S, Paller AS (2022) Optimizing topical management of atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 128:488\u2013504","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15818","volume":"79","author":"S Cameron","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cameron S, Donnelly A, Broderick C, Arichi T, Bartsch U, Dazzan P, Elberling J, Godfrey E, Gringras P, Heathcote LC (2024) Mind and skin: exploring the links between inflammation, sleep disturbance and neurocognitive function in patients with atopic dermatitis. Allergy 79:26\u201336","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"1900_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048678","volume":"7","author":"CG Carson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Carson CG, Rasmussen MA, Thyssen JP, Menn\u00e9 T, Bisgaard H (2012) Clinical presentation of atopic dermatitis by filaggrin gene mutation status during the first 7 years of life in a prospective cohort study. PLoS ONE 7:e48678","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1900_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.103016","volume":"21","author":"E Chalayer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chalayer E, Gramont B, Zekre F, Goguyer-Deschaumes R, Waeckel L, Grange L, Paul S, Chung AW, Killian M (2022) Fc receptors gone wrong: a comprehensive review of their roles in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Autoimmun Rev 21:103016","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"1900_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14070464","volume":"14","author":"H Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen H, Zhang J, He Y, Lv Z, Liang Z, Chen J, Li P, Liu J, Yang H, Tao A (2022a) Exploring the role of Staphylococcus aureus in inflammatory diseases. Toxins 14:464","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"1900_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxl054","volume":"18","author":"L Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen L, Lin S-X, Agha-Majzoub R, Overbergh L, Mathieu C, Chan LS (2006) CCL27 is a critical factor for the development of atopic dermatitis in the keratin-14 IL-4 transgenic mouse model. Int Immunol 18:1233\u20131242","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02649.x","volume":"138","author":"L Chen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chen L, Martinez O, Overbergh L, Mathieu C, Prabhakar B, Chan L (2004) Early up-regulation of Th2 cytokines and late surge of Th1 cytokines in an atopic dermatitis model. Clin Exp Immunol 138:375\u2013387","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112658","volume":"141","author":"M Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen M, Wang R, Wang T (2024a) Gut microbiota and skin pathologies: mechanism of the gut-skin axis in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Int Immunopharmacol 141:112658","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"1900_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1324892","volume":"15","author":"S Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen S, Li C, Tu Z, Cai T, Zhang X, Wang L, Tian R, Huang J, Gong Y, Yang X (2024b) Off-label use of Baricitinib improves moderate and severe atopic dermatitis in China through inhibiting MAPK and PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR pathway via targeting JAK-STAT signaling of CD4+ cells. Front Pharmacol 15:1324892","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"1900_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.580378","volume":"11","author":"W-C Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen W-C, Liu Y-B, Liu W-F, Zhou Y-Y, He H-F, Lin S (2020) Neuropeptide Y is an immunomodulatory factor: direct and indirect. Front Immunol 11:580378","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23094898","volume":"23","author":"W-Y Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen W-Y, Chen S-C, Hsu S-Y, Lin Y-A, Shih C-M, Huang C-Y, Wang K-H, Lee A-W (2022b) Annoying psoriasis and atopic dermatitis: a narrative review. Int J Mol Sci 23:4898","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2020.153453","volume":"82","author":"Y Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen Y, Xian Y-F, Loo S, Chan WY, Liu L, Lin Z-X (2021) Anti-atopic dermatitis effects of dictamni cortex: studies on in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Phytomedicine 82:153453","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"1900_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-021-00526-9","volume":"22","author":"Z-F Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen Z-F (2021) A neuropeptide code for itch. Nat Rev Neurosci 22:758\u2013776","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"1900_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13575","volume":"204","author":"P Chieosilapatham","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chieosilapatham P, Kiatsurayanon C, Umehara Y, Trujillo-Paez J, Peng G, Yue H, Nguyen L, Niyonsaba F (2021) Keratinocytes: innate immune cells in atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Immunol 204:296\u2013309","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-313X.2010.00987.x","volume":"38","author":"HR Cho","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cho HR, Uhm YK, Kim HJ, Ban JY, Chung JH, Yim SV, Choi BK, Lee MH (2011) Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) polymorphism is associated with atopic dermatitis susceptibility in a Korean population. Int J Immunogenet 38:145\u2013150","journal-title":"Int J Immunogenet"},{"key":"1900_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2334","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052334","volume":"22","author":"JH Choi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Choi JH, Lee GH, Jin SW, Kim JY, Hwang YP, Han EH, Kim YH, Jeong HG (2021) Impressic acid ameliorates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by inhibiting ERK1\/2-mediated phosphorylation of NF-\u03baB and STAT1. Int J Mol Sci 22:2334","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12040860","volume":"12","author":"W Choi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Choi W, Lee HP, Manilack P, Saysavanh V, Lee B-H, Lee S, Kim E, Cho JY (2023) Antiallergic effects of Callerya atropurpurea extract in vitro and in an in vivo atopic dermatitis model. Plants 12:860","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"1900_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JAA.S293900","author":"AC Chong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chong AC, Visitsunthorn K, Ong PY (2022) Genetic\/environmental contributions and immune dysregulation in children with atopic dermatitis. J Asthma Allergy. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JAA.S293900","journal-title":"J Asthma Allergy"},{"key":"1900_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9091166","volume":"9","author":"M Chu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chu M, Tsang MS-M, He R, Lam CW-K, Quan ZB, Wong CK (2020) The active compounds and therapeutic mechanisms of pentaherbs formula for oral and topical treatment of atopic dermatitis based on network pharmacology. Plants 9:1166","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"1900_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2024.06.001","author":"PR Criado","year":"2024","unstructured":"Criado PR, Miot HA, Bueno-Filho R, Ianhez M, Criado RFJ, DE Castro CCS (2024) Update on the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. An Bras Dermatol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abd.2024.06.001","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s004030050189","volume":"289","author":"TE Damsgaard","year":"1997","unstructured":"Damsgaard TE, Olesen AB, S\u00f8rensen FB, Thestrup-Pedersen K, Schi\u00f8tz PO (1997) Mast cells and atopic dermatitis. Stereological quantification of mast cells in atopic dermatitis and normal human skin. Arch Dermatol Res 289:256\u2013260","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"1900_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1097\/00130832-200110000-00009","volume":"1","author":"U Darsow","year":"2001","unstructured":"Darsow U, Ring J (2001) Neuroimmune interactions in the skin. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 1:435\u2013439","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7090301","volume":"7","author":"EG di Domenico","year":"2019","unstructured":"di Domenico EG, Cavallo I, Capitanio B, Ascenzioni F, Pimpinelli F, Morrone A, Ensoli F (2019) Staphylococcus aureus and the cutaneous microbiota biofilms in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Microorganisms 7:301","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"1900_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2018.08.006","volume":"18","author":"S Dolff","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dolff S, Witzke O, Wilde B (2019) Th17 cells in renal inflammation and autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 18:129\u2013136","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"1900_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335551","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1335551","volume":"11","author":"S Dong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dong S, Li D, Shi D (2024) Skin barrier-inflammatory pathway is a driver of the psoriasis-atopic dermatitis transition. Front Med 11:1335551","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"1900_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2023.105525","volume":"17","author":"J Duan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Duan J, Li J, Wang Y, Zhou P, Wang X, Xia N, Wang J, Li J, Wang W, Wang X (2024) Therapeutic effects and mechanism of action of lavender essential oil on atopic dermatitis by modulating the STAT3\/ROR\u03b3t pathway. Arab J Chem 17:105525","journal-title":"Arab J Chem"},{"key":"1900_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2021.1940962","volume":"17","author":"C Dubin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dubin C, Del Duca E, Guttman-Yassky E (2021) The IL-4, IL-13 and IL-31 pathways in atopic dermatitis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 17:835\u2013852","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009258","volume":"5","author":"A Dumortier","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dumortier A, Durham A-D, di Piazza M, Vauclair S, Koch U, Ferrand G, Ferrero I, Demehri S, Song LL, Farr AG (2010) Atopic dermatitis-like disease and associated lethal myeloproliferative disorder arise from loss of Notch signaling in the murine skin. PLoS ONE 5:e9258","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1900_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2017.10.002","volume":"67","author":"G Egawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Egawa G, Kabashima K (2018) Barrier dysfunction in the skin allergy. Allergol Int 67:3\u201311","journal-title":"Allergol Int"},{"key":"1900_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2013.10.001","volume":"1841","author":"PM Elias","year":"2014","unstructured":"Elias PM (2014) Lipid abnormalities and lipid-based repair strategies in atopic dermatitis. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Mol Cell Biol Lipids 1841:323\u2013330","journal-title":"Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Mol Cell Biol Lipids"},{"key":"1900_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25168632","volume":"25","author":"A Elmelid","year":"2024","unstructured":"Elmelid A, Vandikas MS, Gillstedt M, Alsterholm M, Osmancevic A (2024) The effect of phototherapy on systemic inflammation measured with serum vitamin D-binding protein and hsCRP in patients with inflammatory skin disease. Int J Mol Sci 25:8632","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR56","unstructured":"El-Nour H (2005) Study of serotonin, innervation and sensory neuropeptides in allergic contact dermatitis. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden"},{"key":"1900_CR57","unstructured":"Endoh I (2008) New mechanisms of regulation of mast cell activation. UNSW Sydney"},{"key":"1900_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111937","volume":"240","author":"H-J Fan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fan H-J, Zhao X-S, Tan Z-B, Liu B, Xu H-L, Wu Y-T, Xie L-P, Bi Y-M, Lai Y-G, Liang H-F (2019) Effects and mechanism of action of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang in atopic dermatitis-like skin dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. J Ethnopharmacol 240:111937","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1900_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.720393","volume":"12","author":"Z Fang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fang Z, Li L, Zhang H, Zhao J, Lu W, Chen W (2021) Gut microbiota, probiotics, and their interactions in prevention and treatment of atopic dermatitis: a review. Front Immunol 12:720393","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR60","unstructured":"Ferrara F (2021) Exogenous stressors as a source of cutaneous inflammasome activation and altered tissue redox homerostasis: the oxinflammation phenomena"},{"key":"1900_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.2478\/ahem-2022-0033","volume":"76","author":"R Fornal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fornal R, Ksi\u0105\u017ckiewicz A, Fornal A, Zarzycka D (2022) Atopic dermatitis: current standards of diagnosis and treatment, including the latest methods of management. Postepy Hig Med Dosw 76:282\u2013299","journal-title":"Postepy Hig Med Dosw"},{"issue":"207\u2013212","key":"1900_CR62","volume":"246","author":"CB Forrest","year":"2022","unstructured":"Forrest CB, Schuchard J, Bruno C, Amaral S, Cox ED, Flynn KE, Hinds PS, Huang I-C, Kappelman MD, Krishnan JA (2022) Self-reported health outcomes of children and youth with 10 chronic diseases. J Pediatr 246(207\u2013212):e1","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"1900_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00712.x","volume":"226","author":"LA Fouser","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fouser LA, Wright JF, Dunussi-Joannopoulos K, Collins M (2008) Th17 cytokines and their emerging roles in inflammation and autoimmunity. Immunol Rev 226:87\u2013102","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"1900_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.5RI0218-084R","volume":"104","author":"M Gadina","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gadina M, Johnson C, Schwartz D, Bonelli M, Hasni S, Kanno Y, Changelian P, Laurence A, O\u2019Shea JJ (2018) Translational and clinical advances in JAK-STAT biology: the present and future of jakinibs. J Leukoc Biol 104:499\u2013514","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"1900_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10661","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910661","volume":"22","author":"P Gallegos-Alcal\u00e1","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gallegos-Alcal\u00e1 P, Jim\u00e9nez M, Cervantes-Garc\u00eda D, Salinas E (2021) The keratinocyte as a crucial cell in the predisposition, onset, progression, therapy and study of the atopic dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 22:10661","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1085057","volume":"13","author":"P Gangadaran","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gangadaran P, Madhyastha H, Madhyastha R, Rajendran RL, Nakajima Y, Watanabe N, Velikkakath AKG, Hong CM, Gopi RV, Muthukalianan GK (2023) The emerging role of exosomes in innate immunity, diagnosis and therapy. Front Immunol 13:1085057","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2017.11.008","volume":"26","author":"JA Geoghegan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Geoghegan JA, Irvine AD, Foster TJ (2018) Staphylococcus aureus and atopic dermatitis: a complex and evolving relationship. Trends Microbiol 26:484\u2013497","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"1900_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2022.02.003","volume":"144","author":"T-Y Gil","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gil T-Y, Jin B-R, An H-J (2022) Peucedanum japonicum Thunberg alleviates atopic dermatitis-like inflammation via STAT\/MAPK signaling pathways in vivo and in vitro. Mol Immunol 144:106\u2013116","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23063132","volume":"23","author":"R Gratton","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gratton R, DEL Vecchio C, Zupin L, Crovella S (2022) Unraveling the role of sex hormones on keratinocyte functions in human inflammatory skin diseases. Int J Mol Sci 23:3132","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gratton R, Tricarico PM, Moltrasio C, Lima Estev\u00e3o de Oliveira AS, Brand\u00e3o L, Marzano AV, Zupin L, Crovella S (2020) Pleiotropic role of notch signaling in human skin diseases. Int J Mol Sci 21:4214","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21124214"},{"key":"1900_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2017.09.005","volume":"38","author":"RK Gupta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gupta RK, Gupta K, Dwivedi PD (2017) Pathophysiology of IL-33 and IL-17 in allergic disorders. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 38:22\u201336","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"1900_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7420","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.10.7420","volume":"181","author":"E Guttman-Yassky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guttman-Yassky E, Lowes MA, Fuentes-Duculan J, Zaba LC, Cardinale I, Nograles KE, Khatcherian A, Novitskaya I, Carucci JA, Bergman R (2008) Low expression of the IL-23\/Th17 pathway in atopic dermatitis compared to psoriasis. J Immunol 181:7420\u20137427","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-022-00737-7","volume":"12","author":"E-B Haddad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haddad E-B, Cyr SL, Arima K, McDonald RA, Levit NA, Nestle FO (2022) Current and emerging strategies to inhibit type 2 inflammation in atopic dermatitis. Dermatol Ther 12:1501\u20131533","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"1900_CR74","unstructured":"Heeringa J (2018) The B-cell side of allergy and chronic inflammatory disease: studies on the source of IgE and IgG4"},{"key":"1900_CR75","unstructured":"Hemmingson, N. 2024. Immunology of severe atopic dermatitis and targeted therapy in real life. Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania"},{"key":"1900_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18781","volume":"183","author":"A Hendricks","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hendricks A, Eichenfield L, Shi V (2020) The impact of airborne pollution on atopic dermatitis: a literature review. Br J Dermatol 183:16\u201323","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.62735","volume":"55","author":"A Hodeib","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hodeib A, Abd El-Samad Z, Hanafy H, Abd El-Latief A, El-Bendary A, Abu-Raya A (2010) Nerve growth factor, neuropeptides and cutaneous nerves in atopic dermatitis. Indian J Dermatol 55:135\u2013139","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.12.1345","volume":"117","author":"MD Howell","year":"2006","unstructured":"Howell MD, Wollenberg A, Gallo RL, Flaig M, Streib JE, Wong C, Pavicic T, Boguniewicz M, Leung DY (2006) Cathelicidin deficiency predisposes to eczema herpeticum. J Allergy Clin Immunol 117:836\u2013841","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.20831","volume":"186","author":"A Hoyer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hoyer A, Rehbinder EM, F\u00e4rdig M, Asad S, L\u00f8drup Carlsen K, Endre KMA, Granum B, Haugen G, Hedlin G, Monceyron Jonassen C (2022) Filaggrin mutations in relation to skin barrier and atopic dermatitis in early infancy. Br J Dermatol 186:544\u2013552","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1068260","volume":"13","author":"I-H Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang I-H, Chung W-H, Wu P-C, Chen C-B (2022) JAK\u2013STAT signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: an updated review. Front Immunol 13:1068260","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.03.036","volume":"148","author":"X Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang X, Karlsson MC (2021) IgE autoantibodies: an innate connection to adaptive immunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 148:702\u2013705","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14435","volume":"30","author":"J Hwang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hwang J, Thompson A, Jaros J, Blackcloud P, Hsiao J, Shi VY (2021) Updated understanding of Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis: from virulence factors to commensals and clonal complexes. Exp Dermatol 30:1532\u20131545","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141634","volume":"25","author":"A Iwasaki","year":"2007","unstructured":"Iwasaki A (2007) Mucosal dendritic cells. Annu Rev Immunol 25:381\u2013418","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116182","volume":"307","author":"Y Ju","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ju Y, Luo M, Yan T, Zhou Z, Zhang M, Zhao Z, Liu X, Mei Z, Xiong H (2023) TRPA1 is involved in the inhibitory effect of Ke-Teng-Zi on allergic contact dermatitis via MAPK and JAK\/STAT3 signaling pathways. J Ethnopharmacol 307:116182","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1900_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105150","author":"S-Y Jung","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jung S-Y, You HJ, Kim M-J, Ko G, Lee S, Kang K-S (2022) Wnt-activating human skin organoid model of atopic dermatitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus and its protective effects by Cutibacterium acnes. iScience. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105150","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"1900_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10061392","volume":"10","author":"HA Kader","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kader HA, Azeem M, Jwayed SA, Al-Shehhi A, Tabassum A, Ayoub MA, Hetta HF, Waheed Y, Iratni R, Al-Dhaheri A (2021) Current insights into immunology and novel therapeutics of atopic dermatitis. Cells 10:1392","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1900_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4660","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20194660","volume":"20","author":"N Kanda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kanda N, Hoashi T, Saeki H (2019) The roles of sex hormones in the course of atopic dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 20:4660","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1272\/jnms.JNMS.2021_88-317","volume":"88","author":"N Kanda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kanda N, Hoashi T, Saeki H (2021) Nutrition and atopic dermatitis. J Nippon Med Sch 88:171\u2013177","journal-title":"J Nippon Med Sch"},{"key":"1900_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222112000","volume":"22","author":"Y-M Kang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kang Y-M, Kim H-M, Lee M, An H-J (2021) Oleanolic acid alleviates atopic dermatitis-like responses in vivo and in vitro. Int J Mol Sci 22:12000","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031693","volume":"23","author":"F Karagianni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Karagianni F, Pavlidis A, Malakou LS, Piperi C, Papadavid E (2022) Predominant role of mTOR signaling in skin diseases with therapeutic potential. Int J Mol Sci 23:1693","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/942375","volume":"2013","author":"S Kasraie","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kasraie S, Werfel T (2013) Role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Mediators Inflamm 2013:942375","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"1900_CR92","volume-title":"Allergy and allergic diseases","author":"AB Kay","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kay AB, Bousquet J, Holt PG, Kaplan AP (2009) Allergy and allergic diseases. Wiley"},{"key":"1900_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keddie SH, Allen P, Chang CY, Flohr C (2025) The global atopic dermatitis atlas: addressing international gaps in the disease burden. Indian J Skin Allergy 4:3","DOI":"10.25259\/IJSA_4_2025"},{"key":"1900_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2021.10.006","volume":"40","author":"A Khan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khan A, Adalsteinsson J, Whitaker-Worth DL (2022) Atopic dermatitis and nutrition. Clin Dermatol 40:135\u2013144","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8040444","volume":"8","author":"JE Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim JE, Kim HS (2019) Microbiome of the skin and gut in atopic dermatitis (AD): understanding the pathophysiology and finding novel management strategies. J Clin Med 8:444","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"1900_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17081234","volume":"17","author":"JE Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim JE, Kim JS, Cho DH, Park HJ (2016) Molecular mechanisms of cutaneous inflammatory disorder: atopic dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 17:1234","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14940","volume":"32","author":"K Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim K, Jang H, Kim E, Kim H, Sung GY (2023) Recent advances in understanding the role of the skin microbiome in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 32:2048\u20132061","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR98","unstructured":"King R (1993) Psychological aspects of atopic dermatitis. University of Tasmania"},{"key":"1900_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.R-07-150","volume":"57","author":"C Kiyohara","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kiyohara C, Tanaka K, Miyake Y (2008) Genetic susceptibility to atopic dermatitis. Allergol Int 57:39\u201356","journal-title":"Allergol Int"},{"key":"1900_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2021.11.001","volume":"71","author":"LF Koh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koh LF, Ong RY, Common JE (2022) Skin microbiome of atopic dermatitis. Allergol Int 71:31\u201339","journal-title":"Allergol Int"},{"key":"1900_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.14712\/18059694.2016.63","volume":"53","author":"K Kondelkov\u00e1","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kondelkov\u00e1 K, Vokurkov\u00e1 D, Krejsek J, Borsk\u00e1 L, Fiala Z, Ctirad A (2010) Regulatory T cells (TREG) and their roles in immune system with respect to immunopathological disorders. Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 53:73\u201377","journal-title":"Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove)"},{"key":"1900_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JAA.S282039","author":"GN Konstantinou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Konstantinou GN, Konstantinou GN, Koulias C, Petalas K, Makris M (2022) Further understanding of neuro-immune interactions in allergy: implications in pathophysiology and role in disease progression. J Asthma Allergy. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JAA.S282039","journal-title":"J Asthma Allergy"},{"key":"1900_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27144660","volume":"27","author":"SR Kopalli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kopalli SR, Annamneedi VP, Koppula S (2022) Potential natural biomolecules targeting JAK\/STAT\/SOCS signaling in the management of atopic dermatitis. Molecules 27:4660","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"1900_CR104","first-page":"145","volume":"39","author":"K Kulthanan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kulthanan K, Tuchinda P, Nitiyarom R, Chunharas A, Chantaphakul H, Aunhachoke K, Chularojanamontri L, Rajatanavin N, Jirapongsananuruk O, Vichyanond P (2021) Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atopic dermatitis. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 39:145\u2013155","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh117","volume":"16","author":"GR Lee","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lee GR, Flavell RA (2004) Transgenic mice which overproduce Th2 cytokines develop spontaneous atopic dermatitis and asthma. Int Immunol 16:1155\u20131160","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2014.6.4.276","volume":"6","author":"H-J Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee H-J, Lee S-H (2014) Epidermal permeability barrier defects and barrier repair therapy in atopic dermatitis. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 6:276\u2013287","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"1900_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2010.51.6.808","volume":"51","author":"SE Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee SE, Jeong SK, Lee SH (2010) Protease and protease-activated receptor-2 signaling in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Yonsei Med J 51:808\u2013822","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"key":"1900_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2022.14.6.674","volume":"14","author":"S-Y Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee S-Y, Kim S, Kang MJ, Song K-B, Choi EJ, Jung S, Yoon J-S, Suh DI, Shin YH, Kim KW (2022) Phenotype of atopic dermatitis with food allergy predicts development of childhood asthma via gut Wnt signaling. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 14:674","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"1900_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2021.104352","volume":"78","author":"YH Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee YH, Verma NK, Thanabalu T (2021) Prebiotics in atopic dermatitis prevention and management. J Funct Foods 78:104352","journal-title":"J Funct Foods"},{"key":"1900_CR110","unstructured":"Lehtola H (2023) Characterizing the Autoimmune Responses in Dermatitis Herpetiformis"},{"key":"1900_CR111","first-page":"16","volume":"6","author":"J Levin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Levin J, Friedlander SF, del Rosso JQ (2013) Atopic dermatitis and the stratum corneum: part 1: the role of filaggrin in the stratum corneum barrier and atopic skin. J Clin Aesthetic Dermatol 6:16","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthetic Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-021-08880-3","author":"H Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li H, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Guo Y, Yao Z (2021) Update on the pathogenesis and therapy of atopic dermatitis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12016-021-08880-3","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.03.013","volume":"151","author":"AW Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu AW, Gillis JE, Sumpter TL, Kaplan DH (2023) Neuroimmune interactions in atopic and allergic contact dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 151:1169\u20131177","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.13221","volume":"130","author":"DV Lopez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lopez DV, Kongsbak-Wismann M (2022) Role of IL-22 in homeostasis and diseases of the skin. APMIS 130:314\u2013322","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"1900_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70051","volume":"12","author":"R Lotfi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lotfi R (2024) Retinoic acid (RA): a critical immunoregulatory molecule in asthma and allergies. Immunity Inflamm Dis 12:e70051","journal-title":"Immunity Inflamm Dis"},{"key":"1900_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2021.04.007","volume":"102","author":"T Luger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luger T, Amagai M, Dreno B, Dagnelie M-A, Liao W, Kabashima K, Schikowski T, Proksch E, Elias PM, Simon M (2021) Atopic dermatitis: role of the skin barrier, environment, microbiome, and therapeutic agents. J Dermatol Sci 102:142\u2013157","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13634","volume":"73","author":"N Lunjani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lunjani N, Satitsuksanoa P, Lukasik Z, Sokolowska M, Eiwegger T, O\u2019Mahony L (2018) Recent developments and highlights in mechanisms of allergic diseases: microbiome. Allergy 73:2314\u20132327","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"1900_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15173","volume":"77","author":"L Luo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Luo L, Luo Y, Xu J, Zhu R, Wu J, Liu X, Li W, Yao X (2022) Heterogeneous origin of IgE in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis revealed by B cell receptor repertoire analysis. Allergy 77:559\u2013568","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"1900_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107217","author":"Y Lv","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lv Y, Mi P, Babon JJ, Fan G, Qi J, Cao L, Lang J, Zhang J, Wang F, Kobe B (2024) Small molecule drug discovery targeting the JAK-STAT pathway. Pharmacol Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107217","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"1900_CR120","unstructured":"Macphail T (2023) Allergic: how our immune system reacts to a changing world. Random House"},{"key":"1900_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.03.044","volume":"181","author":"MS Maddur","year":"2012","unstructured":"Maddur MS, Miossec P, Kaveri SV, Bayry J (2012) Th17 cells: biology, pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, and therapeutic strategies. Am J Pathol 181:8\u201318","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"1900_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12060893","volume":"12","author":"L Maintz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Maintz L, Bieber T, Simpson HD, Demessant-Flavigny A-L (2022) From skin barrier dysfunction to systemic impact of atopic dermatitis: implications for a precision approach in dermocosmetics and medicine. J Pers Med 12:893","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"1900_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11040442","volume":"11","author":"MJ Martin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Martin MJ, Estrav\u00eds M, Garc\u00eda-S\u00e1nchez A, D\u00e1vila I, Isidoro-Garc\u00eda M, Sanz C (2020) Genetics and epigenetics of atopic dermatitis: an updated systematic review. Genes 11:442","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"1900_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1007\/s12551-021-00863-0","volume":"13","author":"MC Meinke","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meinke MC, Busch L, Lohan SB (2021) Wavelength, dose, skin type and skin model related radical formation in skin. Biophys Rev 13:1091\u20131100","journal-title":"Biophys Rev"},{"key":"1900_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(25)00041-4","author":"E Mel\u00e9n","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mel\u00e9n E, Garcia-Aymerich J (2025) Predicting the future global burden of asthma and atopic dermatitis: identifying strategies for prevention. Lancet Respir Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-2600(25)00041-4","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"1900_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1898","author":"BC Melnik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Melnik BC (2015) The potential role of impaired Notch signalling in atopic dermatitis. Acta Dermato-Venereol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/00015555-1898","journal-title":"Acta Dermato-Venereol"},{"key":"1900_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0000000000000834","volume":"33","author":"J Me\u0161trovi\u0107-\u0160tefekov","year":"2022","unstructured":"Me\u0161trovi\u0107-\u0160tefekov J, Lugovi\u0107-Mihi\u0107 L, Han\u017eek M, Be\u0161li\u0107 I, Japund\u017ei\u0107 I, Karlovi\u0107 D (2022) Salivary cortisol values and personality features of atopic dermatitis patients: a prospective study. Dermatitis 33:341\u2013348","journal-title":"Dermatitis"},{"key":"1900_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12883","volume":"54","author":"A Mirshafiey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mirshafiey A, Simhag A, el Rouby NM, Azizi G (2015) T-helper 22 cells as a new player in chronic inflammatory skin disorders. Int J Dermatol 54:880\u2013888","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11091553","volume":"11","author":"M Mocanu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mocanu M, V\u00e2\u021b\u0103 D, Alexa A-I, Trandafir L, Patra\u0219cu A-I, H\u00e2ncu MF, Gheuc\u0103-Solov\u0103stru L (2021) Atopic dermatitis\u2014beyond the skin. Diagnostics 11:1553","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"1900_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2023.127595","author":"S Mohammad","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mohammad S, Karim MR, Iqbal S, Lee JH, Mathiyalagan R, Kim YJ, Yang DU, Yang DC (2024) Atopic dermatitis: pathophysiology, microbiota, and metabolome\u2013a comprehensive review. Microbiol Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micres.2023.127595","journal-title":"Microbiol Res"},{"key":"1900_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5318","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23105318","volume":"23","author":"V Moosbrugger-Martinz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moosbrugger-Martinz V, Leprince C, M\u00e9chin M-C, Simon M, Blunder S, Gruber R, Dubrac S (2022) Revisiting the roles of filaggrin in atopic dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 23:5318","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR132","unstructured":"Mukhtar A, Lovatt C, Patel G (2021) British Society for Investigative Dermatology Virtual Annual Meeting, 29\u201331 Mar 2021"},{"key":"1900_CR133","first-page":"1","volume":"32","author":"FJ Mu\u00f1oz-Bellido","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz-Bellido FJ, Moreno E, D\u00e1vila I (2021) Dupilumab: a review of present indications and uses out of indication. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 32:1\u201336","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2018.12.003","volume":"122","author":"T Nakatsuji","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nakatsuji T, Gallo RL (2019) The role of the skin microbiome in atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 122:263\u2013269","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01256-2","volume":"27","author":"T Nakatsuji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nakatsuji T, Hata TR, Tong Y, Cheng JY, Shafiq F, Butcher AM, Salem SS, Brinton SL, Rudman Spergel AK, Johnson K (2021) Development of a human skin commensal microbe for bacteriotherapy of atopic dermatitis and use in a phase 1 randomized clinical trial. Nat Med 27:700\u2013709","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"1900_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21186484","volume":"21","author":"B Nedoszytko","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nedoszytko B, Reszka E, Gutowska-Owsiak D, Trzeciak M, Lange M, Jarczak J, Niedoszytko M, Jablonska E, Romantowski J, Strapagiel D (2020) Genetic and epigenetic aspects of atopic dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 21:6484","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.12.646","volume":"119","author":"T Nomura","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nomura T, Sandilands A, Akiyama M, Liao H, Evans AT, Sakai K, Ota M, Sugiura H, Yamamoto K, Sato H (2007) Unique mutations in the filaggrin gene in Japanese patients with ichthyosis vulgaris and atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 119:434\u2013440","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.2174\/187152808786848405","volume":"7","author":"KT Nouri-Aria","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nouri-Aria KT, Durham SR (2008) Regulatory t cells and allergic disease. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets 7:237\u2013252","journal-title":"Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets"},{"key":"1900_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1159\/000323295","volume":"41","author":"N Novak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Novak N, Bieber T (2011) Fc\u03b5RI-toll-like receptor interaction in atopic dermatitis. Pathogenesis Manage Atopic Dermatitis 41:47\u201353","journal-title":"Pathogenesis Manage Atopic Dermatitis"},{"key":"1900_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.04.007","volume":"106","author":"P Ol\u00e1h","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ol\u00e1h P, Szl\u00e1vicz E, Kuchner M, Nemmer J, Zeeuwen P, Lef\u00e8vre-Utile A, Fyhrquist N, Prast-Nielsen S, Skoog T, Serra A (2022) Influence of FLG loss-of-function mutations in host\u2013microbe interactions during atopic skin inflammation. J Dermatol Sci 106:132\u2013140","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.10-RAI-0270","volume":"60","author":"R Osawa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Osawa R, Akiyama M, Shimizu H (2011) Filaggrin gene defects and the risk of developing allergic disorders. Allergol Int 60:1\u20139","journal-title":"Allergol Int"},{"key":"1900_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.11.015","volume":"143","author":"AS Paller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paller AS, Kong HH, Seed P, Naik S, Scharschmidt TC, Gallo RL, Luger T, Irvine AD (2019) The microbiome in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 143:26\u201335","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13050425","volume":"13","author":"A Pareek","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pareek A, Kumari L, Pareek A, Chaudhary S, Ratan Y, Janmeda P, Chuturgoon S, Chuturgoon A (2024) Unraveling atopic dermatitis: insights into pathophysiology, therapeutic advances, and future perspectives. Cells 13:425","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1900_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.3183","volume":"38","author":"HH Park","year":"2020","unstructured":"Park HH, Lee S, Yu Y, Yoo SM, Baek SY, Jung N, Seo K-W, Kang K-S (2020) TGF-\u03b2 secreted by human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates atopic dermatitis by inhibiting secretion of TNF-\u03b1 and IgE. Stem Cells 38:904\u2013916","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"1900_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109066","volume":"117","author":"J-H Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park J-H, Ahn E-K, Ko H-J, Lee JY, Hwang S-M, Ko S, Oh JS (2019) Korean red ginseng water extract alleviates atopic dermatitis-like inflammatory responses by negative regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 117:109066","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"1900_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16614","volume":"34","author":"T Passeron","year":"2020","unstructured":"Passeron T, Krutmann J, Andersen M, Katta R, Zouboulis C (2020) Clinical and biological impact of the exposome on the skin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 34:4\u201325","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"1900_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17432","volume":"35","author":"T Passeron","year":"2021","unstructured":"Passeron T, Zouboulis C, Tan J, Andersen M, Katta R, Lyu X, Aguilar L, Kerob D, Morita A, Krutmann J (2021) Adult skin acute stress responses to short-term environmental and internal aggression from exposome factors. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 35:1963\u20131975","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"1900_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1586\/17469872.1.2.279","volume":"1","author":"S Pastore","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pastore S, Mascia F, Mariani V, Girolomoni G (2006) Keratinocytes in skin inflammation. Expert Rev Dermatol 1:279\u2013291","journal-title":"Expert Rev Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105678","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1105678","volume":"10","author":"AA Paul","year":"2023","unstructured":"Paul AA, Szulc NA, Kobiela A, Brown SJ, Pokrzywa W, Gutowska-Owsiak D (2023) In silico analysis of the profilaggrin sequence indicates alterations in the stability, degradation route, and intracellular protein fate in filaggrin null mutation carriers. Front Mol Biosci 10:1105678","journal-title":"Front Mol Biosci"},{"key":"1900_CR150","unstructured":"Per\u00e4l\u00e4 M Childhood atopic dermatitis"},{"key":"1900_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700429","volume":"126","author":"EM Peters","year":"2006","unstructured":"Peters EM, Ericson ME, Hosoi J, Seiffert K, Hordinsky MK, Ansel JC, Paus R, Scholzen TE (2006) Neuropeptide control mechanisms in cutaneous biology: physiological and clinical significance. J Invest Dermatol 126:1937\u20131947","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.617731","volume":"12","author":"M Pierau","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pierau M, Arra A, Brunner-Weinzierl MC (2021) Preventing atopic diseases during childhood\u2013early exposure matters. Front Immunol 12:617731","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117611","DOI":"10.3389\/falgy.2023.1117611","volume":"4","author":"K Plattner","year":"2023","unstructured":"Plattner K, Bachmann MF, Vogel M (2023) On the complexity of IgE: the role of structural flexibility and glycosylation for binding its receptors. Front Allergy 4:1117611","journal-title":"Front Allergy"},{"key":"1900_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-019-00467-1","volume":"20","author":"A Pothmann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pothmann A, Illing T, Wiegand C, Hartmann AA, Elsner P (2019) The microbiome and atopic dermatitis: a review. Am J Clin Dermatol 20:749\u2013761","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890701449354","volume":"39","author":"LK Poulsen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Poulsen LK, Hummelshoj L (2007) Triggers of IgE class switching and allergy development. Ann Med 39:440\u2013456","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"1900_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(02)00370-X","volume":"21","author":"E Proksch","year":"2003","unstructured":"Proksch E, Jensen J-M, Elias PM (2003) Skin lipids and epidermal differentiation in atopic dermatitis. Clin Dermatol 21:134\u2013144","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramasamy S, Barnard E, Dawson T Jr, Li H (2019) The role of the skin microbiota in acne pathophysiology. Br J Dermatol 181:691\u2013699","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18230"},{"key":"1900_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rather S, Sharma A, Verma KK (2024) Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of atopic dermatitis. In: Regulatory T cells and autoimmune diseases. Elsevier","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-13947-5.00039-7"},{"key":"1900_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2019.10.005","volume":"124","author":"Y Renert-Yuval","year":"2020","unstructured":"Renert-Yuval Y, Guttman-Yassky E (2020) New treatments for atopic dermatitis targeting beyond IL-4\/IL-13 cytokines. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 124:28\u201335","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14404","volume":"58","author":"KA Reynolds","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reynolds KA, Juhasz ML, Mesinkovska NA (2019) The role of oral vitamins and supplements in the management of atopic dermatitis: a systematic review. Int J Dermatol 58:1371\u20131376","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00026.2005","volume":"86","author":"D Roosterman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Roosterman D, Goerge T, Schneider SW, Bunnett NW, Steinhoff M (2006) Neuronal control of skin function: the skin as a neuroimmunoendocrine organ. Physiol Rev 86:1309\u20131379","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"1900_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roskoski R Jr (2022) Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in the treatment of neoplastic and inflammatory disorders. Pharmacol Res 183:106362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106362"},{"key":"1900_CR163","unstructured":"Roy A (2012) Mast cells as sentinels: role of serglycin and mast cell proteases in infection and inflammation. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis"},{"key":"1900_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12121671","volume":"12","author":"T Roy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roy T, Boateng ST, Uddin MB, Banang-Mbeumi S, Yadav RK, Bock CR, Folahan JT, Siwe-Noundou X, Walker AL, King JA (2023) The PI3K-Akt-mTOR and associated signaling pathways as molecular drivers of immune-mediated inflammatory skin diseases: update on therapeutic strategy using natural and synthetic compounds. Cells 12:1671","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1900_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-021-00647-y","volume":"23","author":"AM Rustad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rustad AM, Nickles MA, Bilimoria SN, Lio PA (2022) The role of diet modification in atopic dermatitis: navigating the complexity. Am J Clin Dermatol 23:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40257-021-00647-y","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026001216033","volume":"136","author":"O Safronova","year":"2003","unstructured":"Safronova O, Vavilin V, Lyapunova A, Makarova S, Lyakhovich V, Kaznacheeva L, Manankin N, Batychko O, Gavalov S (2003) Relationship between glutathione S-transferase P1 polymorphism and bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis. Bull Exp Biol Med 136:73\u201375","journal-title":"Bull Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"1900_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1159\/000360009","volume":"28","author":"FF Sahle","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sahle FF, Gebre-Mariam T, Dobner B, Wohlrab J, Neubert RH (2015) Skin diseases associated with the depletion of stratum corneum lipids and stratum corneum lipid substitution therapy. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 28:42\u201355","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"1900_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00356","volume":"4","author":"F Salazar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Salazar F, Ghaemmaghami AM (2013) Allergen recognition by innate immune cells: critical role of dendritic and epithelial cells. Front Immunol 4:356","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.033969","volume":"122","author":"A Sandilands","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sandilands A, Sutherland C, Irvine AD, Mclean WI (2009) Filaggrin in the frontline: role in skin barrier function and disease. J Cell Sci 122:1285","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR170","unstructured":"Sans de San Nicol\u00e0s L (2023) The role of CLA+ T lymphocytes in the development of atopic dermatitis"},{"key":"1900_CR171","unstructured":"Scibiorek M (2021) Investigating role of IL-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Ra) in murine models of atopic dermatitis"},{"key":"1900_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2022.101184","volume":"88","author":"P Shamaprasad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shamaprasad P, Frame CO, Moore TC, Yang A, Iacovella CR, Bouwstra JA, Bunge AL, Mccabe C (2022) Using molecular simulation to understand the skin barrier. Prog Lipid Res 88:101184","journal-title":"Prog Lipid Res"},{"key":"1900_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.01.022","volume":"138","author":"B Shi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shi B, Leung DY, Taylor PA, Li H (2018) MRSA colonization is associated with decreased skin commensal bacteria in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 138:1668","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi C, Zhang Z, Crosby M (2024) Inflammation in skin-related diseases. Frontiers Media SA","DOI":"10.3389\/978-2-8325-5340-4"},{"key":"1900_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2004.02.013","volume":"36","author":"T Shiohara","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shiohara T, Hayakawa J, Mizukawa Y (2004) Animal models for atopic dermatitis: are they relevant to human disease? J Dermatol Sci 36:1\u20139","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-021-00787-5","volume":"31","author":"K Shouman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shouman K, Benarroch EE (2021) Peripheral neuroimmune interactions: selected review and some clinical implications. Clin Auton Res 31:477\u2013489","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"1900_CR177","first-page":"2683","volume":"7","author":"N Sivaranjani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sivaranjani N, Rao SV, Rajeev G (2013) Role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in atopic dermatitis. J Clin Diagn Res JCDR 7:2683","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res JCDR"},{"key":"1900_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skabytska Y, Kaesler S, Volz T, Biedermann T (2016) The role of innate immune signaling in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and consequences for treatments. In: Seminars in immunopathology. Springer, pp. 29\u201343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-015-0544-y"},{"key":"1900_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2015.04.006","volume":"103","author":"AT Slominski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Slominski AT, Manna PR, Tuckey RC (2015) On the role of skin in the regulation of local and systemic steroidogenic activities. Steroids 103:72\u201388","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"1900_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C1757","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00147.2022","volume":"323","author":"AT Slominski","year":"2022","unstructured":"Slominski AT, Slominski RM, Raman C, Chen JY, Athar M, Elmets C (2022) Neuroendocrine signaling in the skin with a special focus on the epidermal neuropeptides. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 323:C1757\u2013C1776","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"1900_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112322","volume":"144","author":"H-K Song","year":"2021","unstructured":"Song H-K, Park SH, Kim HJ, Jang S, Kim T (2021) Alpinia officinarum water extract inhibits the atopic dermatitis-like responses in NC\/Nga mice by regulation of inflammatory chemokine production. Biomed Pharmacother 144:112322","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"1900_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2010.10.013","volume":"22","author":"Y Souwer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Souwer Y, Szegedi K, Kapsenberg ML, de Jong EC (2010) IL-17 and IL-22 in atopic allergic disease. Curr Opin Immunol 22:821\u2013826","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2009.10.002","volume":"105","author":"JM Spergel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Spergel JM (2010) From atopic dermatitis to asthma: the atopic march. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 105:99\u2013106","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4130","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22084130","volume":"22","author":"J Sroka-Tomaszewska","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sroka-Tomaszewska J, Trzeciak M (2021) Molecular mechanisms of atopic dermatitis pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 22:4130","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s40521-021-00289-9","volume":"8","author":"N Stefanovic","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stefanovic N, Irvine AD, Flohr C (2021) The role of the environment and exposome in atopic dermatitis. Curr Treat Options Allergy 8:222\u2013241","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Allergy"},{"key":"1900_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.010","volume":"149","author":"M Steinhoff","year":"2022","unstructured":"Steinhoff M, Ahmad F, Pandey A, Datsi A, Alhammadi A, Al-Khawaga S, Al-Malki A, Meng J, Alam M, Buddenkotte J (2022) Neuroimmune communication regulating pruritus in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 149:1875\u20131898","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21041314","volume":"21","author":"M Sugaya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sugaya M (2020) The role of Th17-related cytokines in atopic dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 21:1314","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-1811(02)00141-X","volume":"31","author":"K Sumiyoshi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sumiyoshi K, Nakao A, Setoguchi Y, Tsuboi R, Okumura K, Ogawa H (2003) TGF-\u03b2\/Smad signaling inhibits IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1-induced TARC (CCL17) production in HaCaT cells. J Dermatol Sci 31:53\u201358","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115652","volume":"25","author":"I \u0160uti\u0107 Udovi\u0107","year":"2024","unstructured":"\u0160uti\u0107 Udovi\u0107 I, Hla\u010da N, Massari LP, Brajac I, Ka\u0161telan M, Vi\u010di\u0107 M (2024) Deciphering the complex immunopathogenesis of alopecia areata. Int J Mol Sci 25:5652","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5114\/ada.2019.88394","volume":"38","author":"\u0141 Szyma\u0144ski","year":"2021","unstructured":"Szyma\u0144ski \u0141, Cios A, Ciepielak M, Stankiewicz W (2021) Cytokines and apoptosis in atopic dermatitis. Adv Dermatol Allergol 38:1\u201313","journal-title":"Adv Dermatol Allergol"},{"key":"1900_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.116026","volume":"170","author":"L-R Tai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tai L-R, Chiang Y-F, Huang K-C, Chen H-Y, Ali M, Hsia S-M (2024) Hinokitiol as a modulator of TLR4 signaling and apoptotic pathways in atopic dermatitis. Biomed Pharmacother 170:116026","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"1900_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1239244","volume":"14","author":"R Tamagawa-Mineoka","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tamagawa-Mineoka R (2023) Toll-like receptors: their roles in pathomechanisms of atopic dermatitis. Front Immunol 14:1239244","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S374060","author":"AL Tatu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tatu AL, Nadasdy T, Arbune A, Chioncel V, Bobeica C, Niculet E, Iancu AV, Dumitru C, Popa VT, Kluger N (2022) Interrelationship and sequencing of interleukins 4, 13, 31, and 33\u2013an integrated systematic review: dermatological and multidisciplinary perspectives. J Inflamm Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JIR.S374060","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"1900_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tiwary AK, Kumar P, Vinay S, Anand V., Barkat R, Fatima T (2022) Tropical diseases of the skin. In: Atlas of dermatology, dermatopathology and venereology: cutaneous infectious and neoplastic conditions and procedural dermatology, pp. 267\u2013308","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-53805-1_78"},{"key":"1900_CR195","unstructured":"Ton\u010di\u0107 RJ, Marinovi\u0107 B (2016) The role of impaired epidermal barrier function in atopic dermatitis. Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica 24:95\u201395"},{"key":"1900_CR196","unstructured":"Trichot C (2019) Regulation of human T helper cell diversity: from in vitro dendritic cell-based mechanisms to candidate biomarkers in atopic dermatitis. Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay (COmUE)"},{"key":"1900_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12242793","volume":"12","author":"PR Upadhyay","year":"2023","unstructured":"Upadhyay PR, Seminario-Vidal L, Abe B, Ghobadi C, Sims JT (2023) Cytokines and epidermal lipid abnormalities in atopic dermatitis: a systematic review. Cells 12:2793","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1900_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.005","volume":"11","author":"EH van den Bogaard","year":"2023","unstructured":"van den Bogaard EH, Elias PM, Goleva E, Berdyshev E, Smits JP, Danby SG, Cork MJ, Leung DY (2023) Targeting skin barrier function in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 11:1335\u20131346","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"1900_CR199","unstructured":"Verhagen J (2006) T regulatory cells in allergic disease. University of Zurich"},{"key":"1900_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.10.040","volume":"117","author":"J Verhagen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Verhagen J, Akdis M, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Hijnen D, Knol EF, Behrendt H, Blaser K, Akdis CA (2006) Absence of T-regulatory cell expression and function in atopic dermatitis skin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 117:176\u2013183","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vlachava M (2010) Salmon in Pregnancy Study (SIPS): the effects of increased oily fish intake during pregnancy on maternal and cord blood fatty acid composition, cord blood immunity and atopy outcomes in infants at 6 months of age. University of Southampton","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665110000996"},{"key":"1900_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxx040","volume":"29","author":"T Voisin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Voisin T, Bouvier A, Chiu IM (2017) Neuro-immune interactions in allergic diseases: novel targets for therapeutics. Int Immunol 29:247\u2013261","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR203","unstructured":"Wang L (2020) Anti-atopic dermatitis effects of shi zhen formula, a chinese herbal preparation and its major component baicalin: in vivo and in vitro evaluations on efficacyand action mechanisms. The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"},{"key":"1900_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344995","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1344995","volume":"15","author":"R Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang R, Liang J, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Zhan X, Wang S, Gu Q (2024) m6A mRNA methylation-mediated MAPK signaling modulates the nasal mucosa inflammatory response in allergic rhinitis. Front Immunol 15:1344995","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR205","unstructured":"Winge MC (2012) Genetic studies of skin barrier defects with focus on atopic dermatitis. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden"},{"key":"1900_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wittmann TWM (2008) Regulatory role of T lymphocytes in atopic dermatitis. T Cell Regul Allergy Asthma Atopic Skin Dis 94:101\u2013111","DOI":"10.1159\/000154935"},{"key":"1900_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2022.09.006","volume":"143","author":"H Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu H, Ke X, Huang W, Shi W, Yao S, Duan Y-Y, Tian W, Dong S-S, Xue H-Z, Guo Y (2023) Multitissue integrative analysis identifies susceptibility genes for atopic dermatitis. J Investig Dermatol 143:602-611.e14","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111741","volume":"140","author":"S Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu S, Pang Y, He Y, Zhang X, Peng L, Guo J, Zeng J (2021) A comprehensive review of natural products against atopic dermatitis: flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenes, glycosides and other compounds. Biomed Pharmacother 140:111741","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"1900_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106210","volume":"80","author":"P Xin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xin P, Xu X, Deng C, Liu S, Wang Y, Zhou X, Ma H, Wei D, Sun S (2020) The role of JAK\/STAT signaling pathway and its inhibitors in diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 80:106210","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"1900_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113773","volume":"270","author":"X Xiong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiong X, Huang C, Wang F, Dong J, Zhang D, Jiang J, Feng Y, Wu B, Xie T, Cheng L (2021) Qingxue jiedu formulation ameliorated DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis by inhibiting STAT3\/MAPK\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathways. J Ethnopharmacol 270:113773","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1900_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.134404","volume":"277","author":"J Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu J, Hu H, Qian X, Zhang D, Chen G, Zhang F, Huang X, Ma S, Chen B, Zhou Q (2024a) Therapeutic effects of chamomile volatile oil nanoemulsion\/Bletilla striata polysaccharides gels on atopic dermatitis. Int J Biol Macromol 277:134404","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"1900_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4556","DOI":"10.1039\/D0FO03238G","volume":"12","author":"J Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu J, Xiong H, Zhao Z, Luo M, Ju Y, Yang G, Mei Z (2021) Genistein suppresses allergic contact dermatitis through regulating the MAP2K2\/ERK pathway. Food Funct 12:4556\u20134569","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"1900_CR213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15998","volume":"79","author":"Y Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu Y, Qiu Z, Gu C, Yu S, Wang S, Li C, Yao X, Li W (2024b) Propionate alleviates itch in murine models of atopic dermatitis by modulating sensory TRP channels of dorsal root ganglion. Allergy 79:1271\u20131290","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"1900_CR214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12975","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241612975","volume":"24","author":"HL Yamaguchi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yamaguchi HL, Yamaguchi Y, Peeva E (2023) Role of innate immunity in allergic contact dermatitis: an update. Int J Mol Sci 24:12975","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1159\/000323299","volume":"41","author":"K-I Yamanaka","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yamanaka K-I, Mizutani H (2011) The role of cytokines\/chemokines in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Pathogenesis Manage Atopic Dermatitis 41:80\u201392","journal-title":"Pathogenesis Manage Atopic Dermatitis"},{"key":"1900_CR216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3230","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100058","volume":"187","author":"T Yuki","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yuki T, Yoshida H, Akazawa Y, Komiya A, Sugiyama Y, Inoue S (2011) Activation of TLR2 enhances tight junction barrier in epidermal keratinocytes. J Immunol 187:3230\u20133237","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1900_CR217","unstructured":"Zeiss CR (2009) Immunology of IgE-mediated and other hypersensitivity responses. In: Patterson\u2019s allergic diseases, p. 22"},{"key":"1900_CR218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeng M, Yang D, Chen Y (2024) Genetically predicted endogenous sex hormone levels with risk of eczema or dermatitis. Hormones, pp. 1\u20137","DOI":"10.1007\/s42000-024-00616-0"},{"key":"1900_CR219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3467","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073467","volume":"23","author":"N Zeze","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zeze N, Kido-Nakahara M, Tsuji G, Maehara E, Sato Y, Sakai S, Fujishima K, Hashimoto-Hachiya A, Furue M, Nakahara T (2022) Role of ERK pathway in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and its potential as a therapeutic target. Int J Mol Sci 23:3467","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1900_CR220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Y (2023) From gene identifications to therapeutic targets for asthma: focus on great potentials of TSLP, ORMDL3, and GSDMB. Chinese Med J Pulm Crit Care Med 1:139\u2013147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pccm.2023.08.001"},{"key":"1900_CR221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16734","volume":"179","author":"T Zhu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhu T, Zhu T, Tran K, Sivamani R, Shi V (2018) Epithelial barrier dysfunctions in atopic dermatitis: a skin\u2013gut\u2013lung model linking microbiome alteration and immune dysregulation. Br J Dermatol 179:570\u2013581","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1900_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.02.031","volume":"118","author":"T Zuberbier","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zuberbier T, Orlow SJ, Paller AS, Ta\u00efeb A, Allen R, Hernanz-Hermosa JM, Ocampo-Candiani J, Cox M, Langeraar J, Simon JC (2006) Patient perspectives on the management of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clini Immunol 118:226\u2013232","journal-title":"J Allergy Clini Immunol"}],"container-title":["Inflammopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10787-025-01900-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10787-025-01900-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10787-025-01900-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T05:04:02Z","timestamp":1758085442000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10787-025-01900-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"references-count":222,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["1900"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10787-025-01900-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0925-4692","1568-5608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0925-4692","type":"print"},{"value":"1568-5608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}}]}}