{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T16:03:44Z","timestamp":1785859424264,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Ophthalmol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To assess long-term efficacy and safety of iontophoresis-assisted transepithelial corneal cross-linking (I-CXL) for keratoconus.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twenty-seven eyes of 21 patients (15\u00a0M, 6F) affected by progressive keratoconus were evaluated. All subjects were treated with iontophoresis-assisted transepithelial CXL. The patients were examined at baseline and each 6\u00a0months after the CXL procedure. Only subjects who completed the follow-up of 5\u00a0years were considered in this study. The main outcome measures were uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), corrected visual acuity (CDVA), corneal transparency and corneal parameters such as K-max, central corneal thickness (CCT) and at the thinnest point, and high-order ocular aberrations (HOAs). The ABCD system was used to determine the progression and re-progression of ectasia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ophthalmology Clinic, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At 5\u00a0years, significant improvements of UCVA from 0.53\u2009\u00b1\u20090.33 logMAR to 0.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.33 logMAR (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and HOAs (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01) were registered. No significant changes of CDVA (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.4), K-max (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.75), CCT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.5) were observed at the end of follow-up period.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>The ABCD system showed re-progression in 25.9% of eyes after 5\u00a0years. No adverse events such as corneal opacities and infections were reported.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Iontophoresis-assisted transepithelial CXL resulted to be safe and effective to stabilize progressive keratoconus in adults at a long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-023-02768-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T08:01:38Z","timestamp":1688371298000},"page":"3601-3607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Five-year results of iontophoresis-assisted transepithelial corneal cross-linking for keratoconus"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Roszkowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni William","family":"Oliverio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Hydzik-Sajak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"De Crescenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Aragona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2768_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(97)00119-7","volume":"42","author":"YS Rabinowitz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rabinowitz YS (1998) Keratoconus. 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