{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T10:13:03Z","timestamp":1778753583326,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005809","name":"Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Ophthalmol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-023-02781-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T04:01:35Z","timestamp":1688356895000},"page":"3717-3724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Microbiological spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of non-viral conjunctivitis over 16\u00a0years at a tertiary eye care center in Southern India"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Sreyasi","family":"Maiti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaishree","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8421-1977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joveeta","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2781_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2021.05.05","volume":"14","author":"AES Hosny","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hosny AES, El-Bazza ZE, Ramadan MA et al (2021) Expression levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin-8 and certain antimicrobial peptides in concurrent with bacterial conjunctivitis. Int J Ophthalmol 14:666\u2013675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18240\/ijo.2021.05.05","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2781_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2007.01006.x","volume":"86","author":"G H\u00f8vding","year":"2008","unstructured":"H\u00f8vding G (2008) Acute bacterial conjunctivitis. Acta Ophthalmol 86:5\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2007.01006.x","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2781_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9102095","volume":"9","author":"YH Mohamed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohamed YH, Uematsu M, Morinaga Y et al (2021) Conjunctival sac microbiome in infectious conjunctivitis. Microorganisms 9:2095. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms9102095","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2781_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-010-1426-6","volume":"249","author":"A Adebayo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Adebayo A, Parikh JG, McCormick SA et al (2011) Shifting trends in in vitro antibiotic susceptibilities for common bacterial conjunctival isolates in the last decade at the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 249:111\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-010-1426-6","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2781_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.280318","volume":"310","author":"AA Azari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Azari AA, Barney NP (2013) Conjunctivitis: a systematic review of diagnosis and treatment. JAMA 310:1721\u20131730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2013.280318","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2781_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3126\/kumj.v9i2.6292","volume":"9","author":"PR Sthapit","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sthapit PR, Tuladhar NR, Marasini S et al (2011) Bacterial conjunctivitis and use of antibiotics in Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital. Kathmandu Univ Med J 9:69\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3126\/kumj.v9i2.6292","journal-title":"Kathmandu Univ Med J"},{"key":"2781_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3126\/nepjoph.v8i1.16153","volume":"8","author":"SP Shrestha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shrestha SP, Khadka J, Pokhrel AK et al (2016) Acute bacterial conjunctivitis\u2013antibiotic susceptibility and resistance to commercially available topical antibiotics in Nepal. Nepal J Ophthalmol 8:23\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3126\/nepjoph.v8i1.16153","journal-title":"Nepal J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2781_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2015.05.001","volume":"42","author":"SA Alfonso","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alfonso SA, Fawley JD, Lu XA (2015) Conjunctivitis. Prim Care: Clin Office Pract 42(3):325\u2013345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pop.2015.05.001","journal-title":"Prim Care: Clin Office Pract"},{"key":"2781_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/52462","author":"A Haq","year":"2013","unstructured":"Haq A, Wardak H, Kraskian N (2013) Infective conjunctivitis\u2013its pathogenesis, management and complications. Common Eye Infect. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/52462","journal-title":"Common Eye Infect"},{"issue":"5","key":"2781_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2537_21","volume":"70","author":"P Biswas","year":"2022","unstructured":"Biswas P, Batra S, Gurha N et al (2022) Emerging antimicrobial resistance and need for antimicrobial stewardship for ocular infections in India: a narrative review. Indian J Ophthalmol 70(5):1513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2537_21","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2781_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9394(99)00112-9","volume":"128","author":"DY Kunimoto","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kunimoto DY, Das T, Sharma S et al (1999) Microbiologic spectrum and susceptibility of isolates. Part I postoperative endophthalmitis. Am J Ophthalmol 128:240\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9394(99)00112-9","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2781_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9394(99)00113-0","volume":"128","author":"DY Kunimoto","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kunimoto DY, Das T, Sharma S et al (1999) Microbiologic spectrum and susceptibility of isolates. Part II posttraumatic endophthalmitis. Am J Ophthalmol 128:242\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9394(99)00113-0","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2781_CR13","first-page":"95","volume":"47","author":"S Sharma","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sharma S, Kunimoto DY, Garg P et al (1999) Trends in antibiotic resistance of corneal pathogens: Part I. An analysis of commonly used ocular antibiotics. Indian J Ophthalmol 47:95\u2013100","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2781_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-199616060-00010","volume":"16","author":"S Sharma","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sharma S, Jalali S, Adiraju MV et al (1996) Sensitivity and predictability of vitreous cytology, biopsy, and membrane filter culture in endophthalmitis. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) 16(6):525\u2013529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006982-199616060-00010","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)"},{"key":"2781_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/181564","author":"J Kaliamurthy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kaliamurthy J, Kalavathy CM, Parmar P, Thomas PA et al (2013) Spectrum of bacterial keratitis at a tertiary eye care centre in India. BioMed Res Int. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/181564","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"2781_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolfensberger A, Sax H, Weber R, Zbinden R, Kuster SP, Hombach M. Change of antibiotic susceptibility testing guidelines from CLSI to EUCAST: influence on cumulative hospital antibiograms. PloS one. 2013 Nov 1;8(11):e79130.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079130"},{"key":"2781_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.75.7.507","volume":"75","author":"AB Tarabishy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tarabishy AB, Jeng BH (2008) Bacterial conjunctivitis\u2014a review for internists. Clevel Clin J Med 75:507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3949\/ccjm.75.7.507","journal-title":"Clevel Clin J Med"},{"key":"2781_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3476(81)80754-8","volume":"98","author":"F Gigliotti","year":"1981","unstructured":"Gigliotti F, Williams WT, Hayden FG et al (1981) Etiology of acute conjunctivitis in children. J Pediatr 98:531\u2013536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3476(81)80754-8","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2781_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113563","volume":"117","author":"H Schmitz","year":"1983","unstructured":"Schmitz H, Wigand R, Heinrich W (1983) Worldwide epidemiology of human adenovirus infections. Am J Epidemiol 117(4):455\u2013466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113563","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2781_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1016\/s0161-6420(89)32749-7","volume":"96","author":"CP Fitch","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fitch CP, Rapoza PA, Owens S et al (1989) Epidemiology and diagnosis of acute conjunctivitis at an inner-city hospital. Ophthalmology 96:1215\u20131220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0161-6420(89)32749-7","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2781_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.6.1650-1654.2000","volume":"44","author":"SL Block","year":"2000","unstructured":"Block SL, Hedrick J, Tyler R et al (2000) Increasing bacterial resistance in pediatric acute conjunctivitis (1997\u20131998). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44:1650\u20131654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.44.6.1650-1654.2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2781_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/00004397-200201000-00008","volume":"42","author":"K Aoki","year":"2002","unstructured":"Aoki K, Tagawa Y (2002) A twenty\u2013one year surveillance of adenoviral conjunctivitis in Sapporo, Japan. Int Ophthalmol Clin 42:49\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004397-200201000-00008","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"issue":"5","key":"2781_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5411","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6411","volume":"12","author":"MD Valentino","year":"2014","unstructured":"Valentino MD, McGuire AM, Rosch JW et al (2014) Unencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae from conjunctivitis encode variant traits and belong to a distinct phylogenetic cluster. Nat Commun 12(5):5411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms6411","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2781_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104819","volume":"84","author":"MI Mokbul","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mokbul MI, Islam AK, Tabassum MN et al (2022) Recent incidence of infectious conjunctivitis in Bangladesh: are we aware? Ann Med Surg 84:104819. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104819","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2781_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2021.05.05","volume":"14","author":"AE Hosny","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hosny AE, El-Bazza ZE, Ramadan MA et al (2021) Expression levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin-8 and certain antimicrobial peptides in concurrent with bacterial conjunctivitis. Int J Ophthalmol 14(5):666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18240\/ijo.2021.05.05","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2781_CR26","unstructured":"National Health Portal India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India, Blepharitis2016. Available from: https:\/\/ncdc.mohfw.gov.in"},{"issue":"5","key":"2781_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.47310\/hjamsr.2021.v02i05.030","volume":"2","author":"A Nuhu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nuhu A, Usman A (2021) Bacterial conjunctivitis among patients of different age groups attending some eye clinics in Sokoto, Nigeria. Hmlyn Jr Appl Med Scie Res 2(5):161\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47310\/hjamsr.2021.v02i05.030","journal-title":"Hmlyn Jr Appl Med Scie Res"},{"key":"2781_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000003105","volume":"13","author":"J Joseph","year":"2022","unstructured":"Joseph J, Karoliya R, Sheba E et al (2022) Trends in the microbiological spectrum of nonviral keratitis at a single tertiary care ophthalmic hospital in India\u2014a review of 30 years. Cornea 13:10\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICO.0000000000003105","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"12","key":"2781_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4391","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1033_22","volume":"70","author":"S Chatterjee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chatterjee S, Agrawal D, Gomase SN et al (2022) Fluoroquinolone resistance in bacterial isolates from ocular infections: trend in antibiotic susceptibility patterns between 2005\u20132020. Indian J Ophthalmol 70(12):4391\u20134398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1033_22","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2781_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-308487","volume":"101","author":"P Lalitha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lalitha P, Manoharan G, Karpagam R et al (2017) Trends in antibiotic resistance in bacterial keratitis isolates from South India. Br J Ophthalmol 101(2):108\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-308487","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["International Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10792-023-02781-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10792-023-02781-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10792-023-02781-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T10:15:10Z","timestamp":1694772910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10792-023-02781-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2781"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-023-02781-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-2630"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-2630","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 December 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article. All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The institutional ethics committee approved this study, and the procedures followed the Declaration of Helsinki\u2019s precepts. All study participants signed a consent form.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}