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This study evaluated the ocular surface and meibomian gland changes in EGO patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted at The Chinese University of Hong Kong including 34 EGO patients and 34 age-and sex- matched healthy controls. Outcome measures include anterior segment examination, keratographic and meibographic imaging.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Between 34 EGO patients and 34 age and sex-matched healthy controls, EGO was associated with a higher ocular surface disease index (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), higher severity of meibomian gland dropout (upper: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, lower: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001) and higher percentage of partial blinking (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0036). The worse affected eyes of the EGO patients were associated with corneal staining (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0019), eyelid telangiectasia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0009), eyelid thickening (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0013), eyelid irregularity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0054), meibomian gland plugging (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001), expressibility (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001), and meibum quality (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001). When the two eyes of the same EGO patient were compared, the degree of meibomian gland dropout was higher among the worse affected eyes (upper: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001, and lower: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001). Tear meniscus height, lipid layer thickness, and noninvasive break-up time were comparable between the two eyes of EGO patients and also between EGO patients and healthy controls. TMH was positively correlated with the degree of exophthalmos (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.383, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>EGO patients have more ocular surface complications and meibomian gland dropouts than healthy controls. Almost 60% of them had dry eye symptoms, but aqueous deficiency was not apparent. Further studies are warranted to clarify the mechanism of dry eye in EGO.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>(249 words).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-024-02919-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]],"date-time":"2024-03-02T07:01:52Z","timestamp":1709362912000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Ocular surface and meibomian gland evaluation in euthyroid Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Kenneth Ka Hei","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xulin","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatema Mohamed Ali Abdulla","family":"Aljufairi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jake Uy","family":"Sebastian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiu","family":"Man Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheuk","family":"Lam Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanxue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George P. 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