{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T23:45:25Z","timestamp":1790034325796,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719360000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001786","name":"The University of Adelaide","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001786","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Ophthalmol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To provide a comprehensive microbiological profile of bacterial dacryocystitis in South Australia. By identifying the specific microorganism and antibiotic susceptibility, this study intends to aid ophthalmologists in choosing appropriate empirical antibiotic therapies and development of evidence-based clinical guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A retrospective study was conducted at the Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH) over five years (2018\u20132023) of patients with acute dacryocystitis. The study included 43 patients, and data encompassed demographic information, clinical presentation, microbiological analysis, management, and outcomes. Patients with chronic dacryocystitis were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Among the 43 patients included in the study (female 28 (65%), mean age: 64\u00a0years old), the most common clinical features were pain (74%) and swelling (70%). Organisms were identified in 49% of patients, with the predominant bacteria being <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (42%), <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> species (19%), and <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (8%). <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter<\/jats:italic> species (8%), <jats:italic>Morganella morganii<\/jats:italic> (4%), <jats:italic>Enterobacter cloaceae<\/jats:italic> (4%), <jats:italic>Hafnia alvei<\/jats:italic> (4%), mixed anaerobes (4%), <jats:italic>E coliforms<\/jats:italic> (4%) and <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> (4%) were also identified. The most frequently prescribed empirical antibiotics were amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (50%), flucloxacillin (33%) and cefalexin (18%).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The microbiological trends of acute dacryocystitis have largely remained consistent, with a predominance of Gram positive organisms. This is the most recent profile analysis of acute dacryocystitis in South Australia and will help form evidence-based clinical guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-024-03236-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T11:28:54Z","timestamp":1719401334000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Microbiology of acute bacterial dacryocystitis: a tertiary institutional experience in South Australia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Akash","family":"Gowda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica Y.","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Selva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3236_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-020-01792-4","volume":"21","author":"B Luo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luo B, Li M, Xiang N, Hu W, Liu R, Yan X (2021) The microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis. 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