{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:46:07Z","timestamp":1790304367535,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742601600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RD16\/0008\/0010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD16\/0008\/0010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Ophthalmol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-025-03499-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T04:56:58Z","timestamp":1742705818000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of the clinical management of Graves\u2019 Orbitopathy according to severity: a real-life Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Antonio Manuel","family":"Garrido-Hermosilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Concepci\u00f3n","family":"D\u00edaz-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reyes","family":"Rav\u00e9-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Torres-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Leticia","family":"Lled\u00f3-de-Villar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"Mart\u00edn-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Moreira-Navarrete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Toyos-S\u00e1enz-de-Miera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Alberquilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariola","family":"M\u00e9ndez-Muros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"3499_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1510030","volume":"375","author":"TJ Smith","year":"2016","unstructured":"Smith TJ, Heged\u00fcs L (2016) Graves\u2019 Disease. N Engl J Med 375:1552\u20131565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1510030","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3499_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.739994","volume":"12","author":"MS Draman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Draman MS, Zhang L, Dayan C, Ludgate M (2021) Orbital signaling in Graves\u2019 Orbitopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 12:739994. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2021.739994","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"3499_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-021-01663-9","volume":"45","author":"EJ Neag","year":"2022","unstructured":"Neag EJ, Smith TJ (2022) 2021 update on thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. J Endocrinol Invest 45:235\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-021-01663-9","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"3499_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.754386","volume":"12","author":"G Elia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Elia G, Fallahi P, Ragusa F et al (2021) Precision medicine in Graves\u2019 disease and ophthalmopathy. Front Pharmacol 12:754386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2021.754386","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"3499_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3873","volume":"98","author":"ML Tanda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tanda ML, Piantanida E, Liparulo L et al (2013) Prevalence and natural history of Graves\u2019 orbitopathy in a large series of patients with newly diagnosed Graves\u2019 hyperthyroidism seen at a single center. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98:1443\u20131449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2012-3873","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"3499_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G43","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-21-0479","volume":"185","author":"L Bartalena","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bartalena L, Kahaly GJ, Baldeschi L et al (2021) The 2021 European Group on Graves\u2019 orbitopathy (EUGOGO) clinical practice guidelines for the medical management of Graves\u2019 orbitopathy. Eur J Endocrinol 185:G43\u2013G67. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EJE-21-0479","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"3499_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3464","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2813","volume":"91","author":"AK Eckstein","year":"2006","unstructured":"Eckstein AK, Plicht M, Lax H et al (2006) Thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies are independent risk factors for Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy and help to predict severity and outcome of the disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91:3464\u20133470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2005-2813","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"3499_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3107","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-021-05339-1","volume":"259","author":"M Weber","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weber M, Deuschl C, Bechrakis N et al (2021) 18 F-FDG-PET\/MRI in patients with Graves\u2019 orbitopathy. Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 259:3107\u20133117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-021-05339-1","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3499_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830.2017.1280057","volume":"36","author":"FE Mellington","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mellington FE, Dayan CM, Dickinson AJ et al (2017) Management of thyroid eye disease in the United Kingdom: A multi-centre thyroid eye disease audit. Orbit 36:159\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01676830.2017.1280057","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"3499_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.669871","volume":"12","author":"S Farag","year":"2021","unstructured":"Farag S, Feeney C, Lee V et al (2021) A \u201cReal Life\u201d service evaluation model for multidisciplinary thyroid eye services. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 12:669871. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2021.669871","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"3499_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13970","volume":"91","author":"EA Insull","year":"2019","unstructured":"Insull EA, Sipkova Z, David J et al (2019) Early low-dose rituximab for active thyroid eye disease: an effective and well-tolerated treatment. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 91:179\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.13970","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"3499_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2011.362","volume":"26","author":"JH Norris","year":"2012","unstructured":"Norris JH, Ross JJ, Kazim M et al (2012) The effect of orbital decompression surgery on refraction and intraocular pressure in patients with thyroid orbitopathy. Eye (Lond) 26:535\u2013543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2011.362","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"3499_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300698","volume":"95","author":"JH Norris","year":"2011","unstructured":"Norris JH, Ross JJ, O\u2019Reilly P, Malhotra R (2011) A review of combined orbital decompression and lower eyelid recession surgery for lower eyelid retraction in thyroid orbitopathy. Br J Ophthalmol 95:1664\u20131669. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300698","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3499_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.3275\/8937","volume":"36","author":"E Piantanida","year":"2013","unstructured":"Piantanida E, Tanda ML, Lai A et al (2013) Prevalence and natural history of Graves\u2019 orbitopathy in the XXI century. J Endocrinol Invest 36:444\u2013449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3275\/8937","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"3499_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10781","volume":"22","author":"M-L Macovei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Macovei M-L, Azis \u0170, Gheorghe AG, Burcea M (2021) A systematic review of euthyroid Graves\u2019 disease (Review). Exp Ther Med 22:1346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2021.10781","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"3499_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-021-09702-9","volume":"23","author":"SHL Poon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Poon SHL, Cheung JJ-C, Shih KC, Chan YK (2022) A systematic review of multimodal clinical biomarkers in the management of thyroid eye disease. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 23:541\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11154-021-09702-9","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"3499_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2021.108813","volume":"213","author":"H Khazaei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khazaei H, Khazaei D, Verma R et al (2021) The potential of tear proteomics for diagnosis and management of orbital inflammatory disorders including Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy. Exp Eye Res 213:108813. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2021.108813","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"3499_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2022.01.007","volume":"28","author":"N Silva de Morais","year":"2022","unstructured":"Silva de Morais N, Angell TE, Ahmadi S et al (2022) Performance of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin bioassay and thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin assay for the diagnosis of Graves\u2019 disease in patients with active thyrotoxicosis. Endocr Pract Off J Am Coll Endocrinol Am Assoc Clin Endocrinol 28:502\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eprac.2022.01.007","journal-title":"Endocr Pract Off J Am Coll Endocrinol Am Assoc Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"3499_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1080\/2576117X.2021.1991182","volume":"72","author":"L Hennein","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hennein L, Robbins SL (2022) Thyroid-associated orbitopathy: management and treatment. J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil 72:32\u201346","journal-title":"J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil"},{"key":"3499_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1080\/17446651.2022.2052044","volume":"17","author":"L Bartalena","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bartalena L, Piantanida E, Gallo D et al (2022) Management of Graves\u2019 hyperthyroidism: present and future. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 17:153\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17446651.2022.2052044","journal-title":"Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"3499_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L13","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-21-0861","volume":"185","author":"TJ Smith","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smith TJ (2021) Comment on the 2021 EUGOGO clinical practice guidelines for the medical management of Graves\u2019 orbitopathy. Eur J Endocrinol 185:L13\u2013L14","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"3499_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1910434","volume":"382","author":"RS Douglas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Douglas RS, Kahaly GJ, Patel A et al (2020) Teprotumumab for the treatment of active thyroid eye disease. N Engl J Med 382:341\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1910434","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3499_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/NAN.0000000000000446","volume":"44","author":"J Kang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kang J, Lechuga M, Braun J et al (2021) Infusion center guidelines for teprotumumab infusions: informed consent, safety, and management of side effects. J Infus Nurs Off Publ Infus Nurses Soc 44:331\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/NAN.0000000000000446","journal-title":"J Infus Nurs Off Publ Infus Nurses Soc"},{"key":"3499_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1735638","volume":"37","author":"AA Ong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ong AA, DeVictor S, Vincent AG et al (2021) Bony orbital surgery for Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy. Facial Plast Surg 37:692\u2013697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0041-1735638","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"3499_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2021.103196","volume":"43","author":"TA Pham","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pham TA, Simmons B, Potter NJ et al (2022) Revision orbital decompression for thyroid eye disease. Am J Otolaryngol 43:103196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjoto.2021.103196","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"3499_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-022-02770-5","volume":"46","author":"C Guastella","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guastella C, di Furia D, Torretta S et al (2022) Upper eyelid retraction in Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy: our surgical experience on 153 cases of full-thickness anterior blepharotomy with mullerectomy. Aesthetic Plast Surg 46:1713\u20131721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00266-022-02770-5","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"3499_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.10.025","volume":"129","author":"RK Sobel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sobel RK, Aakalu VK, Vagefi MR et al (2022) Orbital radiation for thyroid eye disease: a report by the american academy of ophthalmology. Ophthalmology 129:450\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.10.025","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"3499_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-021-05456-x","volume":"260","author":"J Cao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cao J, Su Y, Chen Z et al (2022) The risk factors for Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy. Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 260:1043\u20131054. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-021-05456-x","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol."},{"key":"3499_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-016-0484-y","volume":"39","author":"HX Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li HX, Xiang N, Hu WK, Jiao XL (2016) Relation between therapy options for Graves\u2019 disease and the course of Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest 39:1225\u20131233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-016-0484-y","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"3499_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.184","volume":"30","author":"A Sadeghi-Tari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sadeghi-Tari A, Jamshidian-Tehrani M, Nabavi A et al (2016) Effect of smoking on retrobulbar blood flow in thyroid eye disease. Eye (Lond) 30:1573\u20131578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2016.184","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"3499_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-306463","volume":"99","author":"L Xing","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xing L, Ye L, Zhu W et al (2015) Smoking was associated with poor response to intravenous steroids therapy in Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy. Br J Ophthalmol 99:1686\u20131691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-306463","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3499_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.3592","volume":"126","author":"L Bartalena","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bartalena L, Piantanida E (2016) Cigarette smoking: number one enemy for Graves ophthalmopathy. Pol Arch Med Wewn 126:725\u2013726","journal-title":"Pol Arch Med Wewn"},{"key":"3499_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.25019","volume":"325","author":"AH Krist","year":"2021","unstructured":"Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM et al (2021) Interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons: US preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA 325:265\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.25019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3499_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2020.04.021","volume":"56","author":"CA Jim\u00e9nez-Ruiz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jim\u00e9nez-Ruiz CA, Chatkin JM, Morais A et al (2020) Consensus document on medical faculty education on the treatment of smoking. Arch Bronconeumol 56:806\u2013811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arbres.2020.04.021","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"}],"container-title":["International Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10792-025-03499-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10792-025-03499-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10792-025-03499-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T18:04:20Z","timestamp":1766167460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10792-025-03499-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3499"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-025-03499-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-2630"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-2630","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This is an observational study. No ethical approval is required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"116"}}