{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:28:22Z","timestamp":1772119702235,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Grant No. 2022A1515010355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 2022A1515010355"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Research Grant from Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau in China","award":["Grant No. 202102010324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 202102010324"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Ophthalmol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-025-03838-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T06:22:40Z","timestamp":1763014960000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin level in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy and its correlation with choroidal vasculature"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Kun","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhonghua","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinmeng","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jicheng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengmei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ching-Kit","family":"Tsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peiqi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haolin","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"3838_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.14201","volume":"51","author":"AT Fung","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fung AT, Yang Y, Kam AW (2023) Central serous chorioretinopathy: a review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 51:243\u2013270","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3838_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70531-8","volume":"121","author":"C Pr\u00fcnte","year":"1996","unstructured":"Pr\u00fcnte C, Flammer J (1996) Choroidal capillary and venous congestion in central serous chorioretinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 121:26\u201334","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3838_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2021.100973","volume":"86","author":"RF Spaide","year":"2022","unstructured":"Spaide RF, Gemmy Cheung CM, Matsumoto H, Kishi S, Boon CJF, van Dijk EHC et al (2022) Venous overload choroidopathy: a hypothetical framework for central serous chorioretinopathy and allied disorders. Prog Retin Eye Res 86:100973","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"3838_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.64.11.25","volume":"64","author":"G He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He G, Zhang X, Gan Y, Li M, Zhuang X, Zeng Y et al (2023) Choroidal vein alterations in pachychoroid disease with choroidal vascular hyperpermeability: evaluated by wide-field indocyanine green angiography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 64:25","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"3838_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2019.07.003","volume":"73","author":"TJ van Rijssen","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Rijssen TJ, van Dijk EHC, Yzer S, Ohno-Matsui K, Keunen JEE, Schlingemann RO et al (2019) Central serous chorioretinopathy: towards an evidence-based treatment guideline. Prog Retin Eye Res 73:100770","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"3838_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-016-3378-y","volume":"254","author":"E Setrouk","year":"2016","unstructured":"Setrouk E, Hubault B, Vankemmel F, Zambrowski O, Nazeyrollas P, Delemer B et al (2016) Circadian disturbance and idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 254:2175\u20132181","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3838_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199701163360306","volume":"336","author":"A Brzezinski","year":"1997","unstructured":"Brzezinski A (1997) Melatonin in humans. N Engl J Med 336:186\u2013195","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3838_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2012.01.004","volume":"351","author":"RM Slominski","year":"2012","unstructured":"Slominski RM, Reiter RJ, Schlabritz-Loutsevitch N, Ostrom RS, Slominski AT (2012) Melatonin membrane receptors in peripheral tissues: distribution and functions. Mol Cell Endocrinol 351:152\u2013166","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"3838_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12802","volume":"73","author":"S Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu S, Cui K, Wu P, Wu B, Lu X, Huang R et al (2022) Melatonin prevents experimental central serous chorioretinopathy in rats. J Pineal Res 73:e12802","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"key":"3838_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.104","volume":"29","author":"AL Gramajo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gramajo AL, Marquez GE, Torres VE, Ju\u00e1rez CP, Rosenstein RE, Luna JD (2015) Therapeutic benefit of melatonin in refractory central serous chorioretinopathy. Eye 29:1036\u20131045","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"3838_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18427","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-23389-1","volume":"12","author":"Q Zeng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zeng Q, Yao Y, Tu S, Zhao M (2022) Quantitative analysis of choroidal vasculature in central serous chorioretinopathy using ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography. Sci Rep 12:18427","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3838_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/33.8.1343","volume":"33","author":"CJ Bojkowski","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bojkowski CJ, Arendt J, Shih MC, Markey SP (1987) Melatonin secretion in humans assessed by measuring its metabolite, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin. Clin Chem 33:1343\u20131348","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"3838_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.2710","volume":"309","author":"CJ McMullan","year":"2013","unstructured":"McMullan CJ, Schernhammer ES, Rimm EB, Hu FB, Forman JP (2013) Melatonin secretion and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. JAMA 309:1388","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3838_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.0206","volume":"138","author":"T Nishi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nishi T, Saeki K, Miyata K, Yoshikawa T, Ueda T, Kurumatani N et al (2020) Effects of cataract surgery on melatonin secretion in adults 60 years and older: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol 138:405","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3838_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2597","DOI":"10.1185\/030079907X233098","volume":"23","author":"AG Wade","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wade AG, Ford I, Crawford G, McMahon AD, Nir T, Laudon M et al (2007) Long-term stability of 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate in 24-h urine samples stored at 20\u00b0C. Curr Med Res Opin 23:2597\u20132605","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"3838_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1998.tb00538.x","volume":"24","author":"C Graham","year":"1998","unstructured":"Graham C, Cook MR, Kavet R, Sastre A, Smith DK (1998) Prediction of nocturnal plasma melatonin from morning urinary measures. J Pineal Res 24:230\u2013238","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"key":"3838_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13374","volume":"12","author":"K Tanaka","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tanaka K, Okada Y, Maiko H, Mori H, Tanaka Y (2021) Associations between urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion and diabetic vascular complications or arteriosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 12:601\u2013609","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"3838_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967369","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.967369","volume":"9","author":"Q Zeng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zeng Q, Luo L, Yao Y, Tu S, Yang Z, Zhao M (2022) Three-dimensional choroidal vascularity index in central serous chorioretinopathy using ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography. Front Med 9:967369","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"3838_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00084","volume":"39","author":"J Cipolla-Neto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cipolla-Neto J, Amaral FGD (2018) Melatonin as a hormone: new physiological and clinical insights. Endocr Rev 39:990\u20131028","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"3838_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1999.tb00617.x","volume":"27","author":"DJ Kennaway","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kennaway DJ, Lushington K, Dawson D, Lack L, van den Heuvel C, Rogers N (1999) Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion and aging: new results and a critical review of the literature. J Pineal Res 27:210\u2013220","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"key":"3838_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2022.101614","volume":"63","author":"W Braam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Braam W, Spruyt K (2022) Reference intervals for 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in urine: a meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 63:101614","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"3838_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-018-0140-0","volume":"4","author":"S Sarwar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sarwar S, Hassan M, Soliman MK, Halim MS, Sadiq MA, Afridi R et al (2018) Diurnal variation of choriocapillaris vessel flow density in normal subjects measured using optical coherence tomography angiography. Int J Retina Vitreous 4:37","journal-title":"Int J Retina Vitreous"},{"key":"3838_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1062","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14140","volume":"97","author":"F Siegfried","year":"2019","unstructured":"Siegfried F, Rommel F, Rothe M, Brinkmann MP, Sochurek JAM, Freitag J et al (2019) Evaluating diurnal changes in choroidal sublayer perfusion using optical coherence tomography angiography. Acta Ophthalmol 97:e1062\u2013e1068","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["International Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10792-025-03838-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10792-025-03838-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10792-025-03838-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T19:01:46Z","timestamp":1766170906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10792-025-03838-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3838"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-025-03838-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-6635425\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1573-2630"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-2630","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (No.2023KYPJ100), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. It adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"472"}}