{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T07:13:40Z","timestamp":1778742820676,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Ophthalmol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-026-04099-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T06:57:21Z","timestamp":1778741841000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["FilmArray\u00ae multiplex PCR panels on corneal swabs in suspected infectious keratitis: a pragmatic real-world study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4831-4503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Ben Addou Idrissi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Kouara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatima Zahra","family":"Benatiya Andaloussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"Mrhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Moutei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fouad","family":"Chraibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meriem","family":"Abdellaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghita","family":"Yahyaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mustapha","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Idriss","family":"Benatiya Andaloussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"4099_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/DIAGNOSTICS13152528\/S1","author":"S Atta","year":"2023","unstructured":"Atta S, Singh RB, Samanthapudi K et al (2023) Clinical characterization and outcomes of culture- and polymerase chain reaction-negative cases of infectious keratitis. Diagnostics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/DIAGNOSTICS13152528\/S1","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"4099_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2012.698357","volume":"37","author":"KG Abu Eleinen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Abu Eleinen KG, Mohalhal AA, Elmekawy HE et al (2012) Polymerase chain reaction-guided diagnosis of infective keratitis a hospital based study. Curr Eye Res 37:1005\u20131011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02713683.2012.698357","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"4099_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10792-025-03517-2","author":"S Ben Addou Idrissi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ben Addou Idrissi S, Bennis A, Moutei H et al (2025) Predicting the causative agent in microbial keratitis: the role of anterior segment optical coherence tomography-a cross-sectional analysis. Int Ophthalmol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S10792-025-03517-2","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4099_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/S10384-020-00794-5","volume":"65","author":"S Sugita","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sugita S, Takase H, Nakano S (2021) Practical use of multiplex and broad-range PCR in ophthalmology. Jpn J Ophthalmol 65:155\u2013168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S10384-020-00794-5","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4099_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2019.1620803","volume":"34","author":"CL Minkus","year":"2019","unstructured":"Minkus CL, Bispo PJM, Papaliodis GN, Sobrin L (2019) Real-time multiplex PCR analysis in infectious uveitis. Semin Ophthalmol 34:252\u2013255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08820538.2019.1620803","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4099_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2022.101601","author":"T Ferreira de Moura","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ferreira de Moura T, Limelette A, Arndt C et al (2022) First use of a new rapid multiplex PCR system for the microbiological diagnosis and the clinical management of severe infectious keratitis: a case report. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajoc.2022.101601","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"key":"4099_CR7","unstructured":"Elnifro EM, Cooper RJ, Klapper PE, et al (2000) Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction for Diagnosis of Viral and Chlamydial Keratoconjunctivitis"},{"key":"4099_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1055\/S-2000-10381","volume":"217","author":"CP Lohmann","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lohmann CP, Von Mohrenfels CW, Gabler B et al (2000) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for microbiological diagnosis in refractory infectious keratitis: a clinical study in 16 patients. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 217:37\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/S-2000-10381","journal-title":"Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"4099_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-1283","volume":"50","author":"S Vengayil","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vengayil S, Panda A, Satpathy G et al (2009) Polymerase chain reaction-guided diagnosis of mycotic keratitis: a prospective evaluation of its efficacy and limitations. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 50:152\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.07-1283","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4099_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2018.06.012","volume":"24","author":"M Yoshida","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yoshida M, Hariya T, Yokokura S et al (2018) Diagnosing superinfection keratitis with multiplex polymerase chain reaction. J Infect Chemother 24:1004\u20131008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiac.2018.06.012","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"4099_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.5935\/0004-2749.20170021","volume":"80","author":"H Nascimento","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nascimento H, Watanabe A, Cabreira Vieira AC et al (2017) Detection of herpes simplex-1 and -2 and varicella zoster virus by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in corneas from patients with bacterial keratitis. Arq Bras Oftalmol 80:84\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5935\/0004-2749.20170021","journal-title":"Arq Bras Oftalmol"},{"key":"4099_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12886-023-02938-W","author":"A Hirota","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hirota A, Shoji J, Inada N et al (2023) Rapid detection and diagnosis of herpetic keratitis using quantitative microfluidic polymerase chain reaction system for herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus DNA: a case series. BMC Ophthalmol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S12886-023-02938-W","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4099_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2020.09.008","volume":"66","author":"SHL Poon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Poon SHL, Wong WHL, Lo ACY et al (2021) A systematic review on advances in diagnostics for Herpes simplex keratitis. Surv Ophthalmol 66:514\u2013530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.survophthal.2020.09.008","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4099_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/MID.2025.360178.2542","volume":"0","author":"OJ Oladejo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Oladejo OJ, Oladejo JM, Oladejo PA et al (2025) Prospective comparison of conventional microbiological diagnostic methods and direct polymerase chain reaction genotyping in diagnosis of suspected bacterial keratitis in Ilrorin. Microbes Infect Dis 0:0\u20130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/MID.2025.360178.2542","journal-title":"Microbes Infect Dis"},{"key":"4099_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41598-024-68171-7","author":"A Letafati","year":"2024","unstructured":"Letafati A, Jazayeri SM, Atwan H et al (2024) Utilization of multiplex polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous and rapid detection of viral infections from different ocular structures. Sci Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/S41598-024-68171-7","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4099_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1586\/erm.12.65","volume":"12","author":"PA Thomas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thomas PA, P AT, J T, P G (2012) PCR for the molecular diagnosis of mycotic keratitis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 12:703\u2013718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1586\/erm.12.65","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Diagn"},{"key":"4099_CR17","unstructured":"Journal O, Liu HY, Grant ;, et al (2019) Diagnosis of Infectious Keratitis. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4099_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0B013E3181E3EFA3","volume":"36","author":"V Subrayan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Subrayan V, Peyman M, Lek Yap S et al (2010) Assessment of polymerase chain reaction in the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in contact lens-induced severe infectious keratitis. Eye Contact Lens 36:201\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICL.0B013E3181E3EFA3","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"4099_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2866","DOI":"10.1167\/IOVS.11-8587","volume":"53","author":"D Maubon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Maubon D, Dubosson M, Chiquet C et al (2012) A one-step multiplex PCR for Acanthamoeba keratitis diagnosis and quality samples control. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 53:2866\u20132872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/IOVS.11-8587","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4099_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1007\/S00417-023-05993-7","volume":"261","author":"M Roth","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roth M, Balasiu A, Daas L et al (2023) Impact of implementation of polymerase chain reaction on diagnosis, treatment, and clinical course of Acanthamoeba keratitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 261:1951\u20131959. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00417-023-05993-7","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4099_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JMII.2025.01.002","volume":"58","author":"S Hwang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hwang S, Lin IH, Lai CC et al (2025) PCR-based diagnosis and clinical insights into parasitic keratitis. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 58:363\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JMII.2025.01.002","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"4099_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/MICROORGANISMS12061214","author":"F Blaser","year":"2024","unstructured":"Blaser F, Bajka A, Grimm F et al (2024) Assessing PCR-positive acanthamoeba keratitis-a retrospective chart review. Microorganisms. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/MICROORGANISMS12061214","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"4099_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000003275","volume":"42","author":"MJ Sarink","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sarink MJ, Koelewijn R, Stelma F et al (2023) An international external quality assessment scheme to assess the diagnostic performance of polymerase chain reaction detection of Acanthamoeba keratitis. Cornea 42:1027\u20131033. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICO.0000000000003275","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"4099_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1684\/sanmt.2023.203","volume":"32","author":"S Kouara","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kouara S, El Yaacoubi R, Mahmoud M, Yahyaoui G (2023) Use of multiplex PCR panel filmarray meningitis\/encephalitis in the diagnosis of central nervous system infections. Cahiers Sante Medecine Therapeutique 32:171\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1684\/sanmt.2023.203","journal-title":"Cahiers Sante Medecine Therapeutique"},{"key":"4099_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0B013E3182A2C79F","author":"T Inoue","year":"2013","unstructured":"Inoue T, Ohashi Y (2013) Utility of real-time PCR analysis for appropriate diagnosis for keratitis. Cornea. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICO.0B013E3182A2C79F","journal-title":"Cornea"}],"container-title":["International Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10792-026-04099-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10792-026-04099-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10792-026-04099-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T06:57:25Z","timestamp":1778741845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10792-026-04099-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-026-04099-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-2630"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-2630","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was obtained for this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"For this observational study based on routine clinical care data, the requirement for written informed consent to participate was waived by the local Ethics Committee, as only anonymized data were analyzed.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any identifiable individual person\u2019s data.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"230"}}