{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T20:46:06Z","timestamp":1779914766047,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]],"date-time":"2013-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376956800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Abnorm Child Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-013-9792-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,19]],"date-time":"2013-08-19T06:03:43Z","timestamp":1376892223000},"page":"501-514","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Resting Heart Rate, Vagal Tone, and Reactive and Proactive Aggression in Chinese Children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Yiyuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Raine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Krieg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"9792_CR1","volume-title":"Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions","author":"LS Aiken","year":"1991","unstructured":"Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park: Sage."},{"key":"9792_CR2","volume-title":"Aggression: A social learning analysis","author":"A Bandura","year":"1973","unstructured":"Bandura, A. (1973). Aggression: A social learning analysis. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall."},{"key":"9792_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20337","volume":"36","author":"ED Barker","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barker, E. D., Vitaro, F., Lacourse, E., Fontaine, N. M. G., Carbonneau, R., & Tremblay, R. E. (2010). Testing the developmental distinctiveness of male proactive and reactive aggression with a nested longitudinal experimental intervention. Aggressive Behavior, 36, 127\u2013140.","journal-title":"Aggressive Behavior"},{"key":"9792_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","volume":"51","author":"RM Baron","year":"1986","unstructured":"Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 51, 1173\u20131182.","journal-title":"Journal of Personality & Social Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.109.2.335","volume":"109","author":"CT Barry","year":"2000","unstructured":"Barry, C. T., Frick, P. J., Grooms, T., McCoy, M. G., Ellis, M. L., & Loney, B. R. (2000). The importance of callous-unemotional traits for extending the concept of psychopathy to children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 335\u2013340.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579401002012","volume":"13","author":"T Beauchaine","year":"2001","unstructured":"Beauchaine, T. (2001). Vagal tone, development, and Gray\u2019s motivational theory: toward an integrated model of autonomic nervous system functioning in psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 13, 183\u2013214.","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"key":"9792_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5834.2009.00509.x","volume":"74","author":"TP Beauchaine","year":"2009","unstructured":"Beauchaine, T. P. (2009). Some difficulties in interpreting psychophysiological research with children. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 74, 80\u201388.","journal-title":"Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development"},{"key":"9792_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579412000508","volume":"24","author":"TP Beauchaine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beauchaine, T. P., & Gatzke-Kopp, L. M. (2012). Instantiating the multiple levels of analysis perspective in a program of study on externalizing behavior. Development and Psychopathology, 24, 1003\u20131018.","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"key":"9792_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2005.08.008","volume":"74","author":"TP Beauchaine","year":"2007","unstructured":"Beauchaine, T. P., Gatzke-Kopp, L., & Mead, H. K. (2007). Polyvagal theory and developmental psychopathology: emotion dysregulation and conduct problems from preschool to adolescence. Biological Psychology, 74, 174\u2013184.","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR10","volume-title":"Aggression: A social psychological analysis","author":"L Berkowitz","year":"1962","unstructured":"Berkowitz, L. (1962). Aggression: A social psychological analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill."},{"key":"9792_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2626(03)00276-8","volume":"55","author":"RJR Blair","year":"2004","unstructured":"Blair, R. J. R. (2004). The roles of orbital frontal cortex in the modulation of antisocial behavior. Brain & Cognition, 55, 198\u2013208.","journal-title":"Brain & Cognition"},{"key":"9792_CR12","first-page":"5","volume":"8","author":"M Bond","year":"1982","unstructured":"Bond, M., & Wang, S. (1982). Aggressive behavior in Chinese society: the problem of maintaining order and harmony. Bulletin of the Hong Kong Psychological Society, 8, 5\u201325.","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Hong Kong Psychological Society"},{"key":"9792_CR13","first-page":"141","volume":"32","author":"DI Boomsma","year":"1986","unstructured":"Boomsma, D. I., & Plomin, R. (1986). Heart rate and behavior in twins. Merrill Palmer Quarterly, 32, 141\u2013151.","journal-title":"Merrill Palmer Quarterly"},{"key":"9792_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1017\/S095457940700034X","volume":"19","author":"SD Calkins","year":"2007","unstructured":"Calkins, S. D., Blandon, A. Y., Williford, A. P., & Keane, S. P. (2007a). Biological, behavioral, and relational levels of resilience in the context of risk for early childhood behavior problems. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 675\u2013700.","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"key":"9792_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2006.09.005","volume":"74","author":"SD Calkins","year":"2007","unstructured":"Calkins, S. D., Graziano, P. A., & Keane, S. P. (2007b). Cardiac vagal regulation differentiates among children at risk for behavior problems. Biological Psychology, 74, 144\u2013153.","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025406071904","volume":"30","author":"NA Card","year":"2006","unstructured":"Card, N. A., & Little, T. D. (2006). Proactive and reactive aggression in childhood and adolescence: a meta-analysis of differential relations with psychosocial adjustment. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 30, 466\u2013480.","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Development"},{"key":"9792_CR17","first-page":"229","volume-title":"Advances in psychology research","author":"X Chen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chen, X. (2000). Social and emotional development in Chinese children and adolescents: a contextual cross-cultural perspective. In F. Columbus (Ed.), Advances in psychology research (Vol. 1, pp. 229\u2013251). Huntington: Nova."},{"key":"9792_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1981.tb03045.x","volume":"18","author":"M Cheung","year":"1981","unstructured":"Cheung, M. (1981). Detection and recovery from errors in cardiac interbeat intervals. Psychophysiology, 18, 341\u2013346.","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"9792_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davis, J. A. (1985). The logic of causal order. In J. L. Sullivan & R. G. Niemi (Series Eds.), Quantitative applications in the social sciences: Vol. 5. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412986212"},{"key":"9792_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2006.01653.x","volume":"48","author":"K Deater-Deckard","year":"2007","unstructured":"Deater-Deckard, K., Petrill, S. A., & Thompson, L. A. (2007). Task persistence, anger\/frustration and conduct problems in childhood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48, 80\u201387.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"9792_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e31802b91ea","volume":"46","author":"A Dietrich","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dietrich, A., Riese, H., Sondeijker, F. E., Greaves-Lord, K., van Roon, A. M., Ormel, J., et al. (2007). Externalizing and internalizing problems in relation to autonomic function: a population-based study in pre-adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46, 378\u2013386.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"9792_CR22","first-page":"201","volume-title":"The development and treatment of childhood aggression","author":"KA Dodge","year":"1991","unstructured":"Dodge, K. A. (1991). The structure and function of reactive and proactive aggression. In D. Peppler & K. Rubin (Eds.), The development and treatment of childhood aggression (pp. 201\u2013218). Hillsdale: Erlbaum."},{"key":"9792_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.53.6.1146","volume":"53","author":"KA Dodge","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dodge, K. A., & Coie, J. D. (1987). Social-information-processing factors in reactive and proactive aggression in children\u2019s peer groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 1146\u20131158.","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026518","volume":"48","author":"N Eisenberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Eisenberg, N., Sulik, M. J., Spinrad, T. L., Edwards, A., Eggum, N. D., Liew, J., et al. (2012). Differential susceptibility and the early development of aggression: interactive effects of respiratory sinus arrhythmia and environmental quality. Developmental Psychology, 48, 755\u2013768.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.110.4.499","volume":"110","author":"M El-Sheikh","year":"2001","unstructured":"El-Sheikh, M. (2001). Parental drinking problems and children\u2019s adjustment: vagal regulation and emotional reactivity as pathways and moderators of risk. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110, 499\u2013515.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.114.4.735","volume":"114","author":"M El-Sheikh","year":"2005","unstructured":"El-Sheikh, M. (2005). Does poor vagal tone exacerbate child maladjustment in the context of parental problem drinking? A longitudinal examination. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 735\u2013741.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5834.2009.00529.x","volume":"74","author":"M El-Sheikh","year":"2009","unstructured":"El-Sheikh, M., Kouros, C. D., Erath, S., Cummings, E. M., Keller, P., & Staton, L. (2009). Marital conflict and children\u2019s externalizing behavior: interactions between parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system activity. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 74, 1\u2013101.","journal-title":"Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development"},{"key":"9792_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020626","volume":"120","author":"M El-Sheikh","year":"2011","unstructured":"El-Sheikh, M., Hinnant, J. B., & Erath, S. (2011). Developmental trajectories of delinquency symptoms in childhood: the role of marital conflict and autonomic nervous system activity. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 120, 16\u201332.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-4648-8_2","volume-title":"Biosocial bases of violence","author":"HJ Eysenck","year":"1997","unstructured":"Eysenck, H. J. (1997). Personality and the biosocial model of antisocial and criminal behavior. In A. Raine, P. Brennan, D. R. Farrington, & S. A. Mednick (Eds.), Biosocial bases of violence (pp. 21\u201338). New York: Plenum."},{"key":"9792_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-4648-8_6","volume-title":"Biosocial bases of violence","author":"DP Farrington","year":"1997","unstructured":"Farrington, D. P. (1997). The relationship between low testing heart rate and violence. In A. Raine, P. A. Brennan, D. P. Farrington, & S. P. Mednick (Eds.), Biosocial bases of violence (pp. 89\u2013105). New York: Plenum."},{"key":"9792_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/0193-3973(89)90025-7","volume":"10","author":"NA Fox","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fox, N. A., & Field, T. M. (1989). Individual differences in preschool entry behavior. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 10, 527\u2013540.","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023899703866","volume":"31","author":"PJ Frick","year":"2003","unstructured":"Frick, P. J., Cornell, A. H., Barry, C. T., Bodin, S. D., & Dane, H. A. (2003). Callous-unemotional traits and conduct problems in the prediction of conduct problem severity, aggression, and self-report of delinquency. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 31, 457\u2013470.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR33","first-page":"H620","volume":"241","author":"JA Hirsch","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hirsch, J. A., & Bishop, B. (1981). Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: how breathing pattern modulates heart rate. American Journal of Physiology, 241, H620\u2013H629.","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"9792_CR34","first-page":"1","volume-title":"The psychology of the Chinese people","author":"DYF Ho","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ho, D. Y. F. (1986). Chinese pattern of socialization: A critical review. In M. H. Bond (Ed.), The psychology of the Chinese people (pp. 1\u201337). New York: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"9792_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.65.4.599","volume":"65","author":"GN Holmbeck","year":"1997","unstructured":"Holmbeck, G. N. (1997). Toward terminological, conceptual, and statistical clarity in the study of mediators and moderators: examples from the child-clinical and pediatric psychology literature. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 599\u2013610.","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","volume":"6","author":"L Hu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1\u201355.","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling"},{"key":"9792_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.80.2.268","volume":"80","author":"JA Hubbard","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hubbard, J. A., Dodge, K. A., Cillessen, A. H. N., Coie, J. D., & Schwartz, D. (2001). The dyadic nature of social information processing in boys\u2019 reactive and proactive aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 268\u2013280.","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00460","volume":"73","author":"JA Hubbard","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hubbard, J. A., Smithmyer, C. M., Ramsden, S. R., Parker, E. H., Flanagan, K. D., Dearing, K. F., et al. (2002). Observational, physiological, and self-report measures of children\u2019s anger: relations to reactive versus proactive aggression. Child Development, 73, 1101\u20131118.","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"key":"9792_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199503000-00023","volume":"34","author":"DJ Kindlon","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kindlon, D. J., Tremblay, R. E., Mezzacappa, E., Earls, F., Laurent, D., & Schall, B. (1995). Longitudinal patterns of heart rate and fighting behavior in 9 to 12 year old boys. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 371\u2013377.","journal-title":"Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"9792_CR40","volume-title":"Principles and practice of structural equation modeling","author":"RB Kline","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford Press."},{"key":"9792_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(91)90113-H","volume":"32","author":"OV Korkushko","year":"1991","unstructured":"Korkushko, O. V., Shatilo, V. B., Plachinda, Y. I., & Shatilo, T. V. (1991). Autonomic control of cardiac chronotropic function in man as a function of age: assessment by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System, 32, 191\u2013198.","journal-title":"Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System"},{"key":"9792_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026595011371","volume":"1","author":"DP MacKinnon","year":"2000","unstructured":"MacKinnon, D. P., Krull, J. L., & Lockwood, C. M. (2000). Equivalence of the mediation, confounding, and suppression effect. Prevention Science, 1, 173\u2013181.","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"key":"9792_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542","volume":"58","author":"DP MacKinnon","year":"2007","unstructured":"MacKinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., & Fritz, M. S. (2007). Mediation analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 593\u2013614.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1990.tb00801.x","volume":"31","author":"R Maliphant","year":"1990","unstructured":"Maliphant, R., Hume, F., & Furnham, A. (1990). Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, personality characteristics, and disruptive behaviour in girls. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 31, 619\u2013628.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines"},{"key":"9792_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2302(199811)33:3<283::AID-DEV8>3.0.CO;2-N","volume":"33","author":"PJ Marshall","year":"1998","unstructured":"Marshall, P. J., & Stevenson-Hinde, J. (1998). Reticence, heart period, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia in young children. Developmental Psychobiology, 33, 283\u2013292.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychobiology"},{"key":"9792_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167900300113","volume":"3","author":"RM McFatter","year":"1979","unstructured":"McFatter, R. M. (1979). The use of structural equation models in interpreting regression equations including suppressor and enhancer variables. Applied Psychological Measurement, 3, 123\u2013135.","journal-title":"Applied Psychological Measurement"},{"key":"9792_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200402000-00010","volume":"43","author":"J Ortiz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ortiz, J., & Raine, A. (2004). Heart rate level and antisocial behavior in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 43, 154\u2013162.","journal-title":"Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"9792_CR48","unstructured":"Parke, R., & Slaby, R. (1983). The development of conflict. In P. Mussen (Series. Ed.) & E. Hetherington (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 4, (pp. 547\u2013621). New York: Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"9792_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2006.06.009","volume":"74","author":"SW Porges","year":"2007","unstructured":"Porges, S. W. (2007). The polyvagal perspective. Biological Psychology, 74, 116\u2013143.","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR50","unstructured":"Portnoy, J., Raine, A., Pardini, D., Loeber, R., & Jennings, R. Parasympathetic and sympathetic influences on aggression: The mediating role of impulsive sensation-seeking. Manuscript submitted for publication."},{"key":"9792_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.12.2.115","volume":"12","author":"F Poulin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Poulin, F., & Boivin, M. (2000). Proactive and reactive aggression: evidence of a two-factor model. Psychological Assessment, 12, 115\u2013122.","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"9792_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.122.2.180","volume":"122","author":"HC Quay","year":"1965","unstructured":"Quay, H. C. (1965). Psychopathic personality as pathological stimulationseeking. American Journal of Psychiatry, 122, 180\u2013183.","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"9792_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015754122318","volume":"30","author":"A Raine","year":"2002","unstructured":"Raine, A. (2002). Biosocial studies of antisocial and violent behavior in children and adults: a review. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30, 311\u2013326.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0511(84)90015-2","volume":"1984","author":"A Raine","year":"1984","unstructured":"Raine, A., & Venables, P. H. (1984). Tonic hear rate level, social class, and antisocial behavior in adolescents. Biological Psychology, 1984, 123\u2013132.","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-4648-8","volume-title":"The biosocial bases of violence: Theory and research","author":"A Raine","year":"1997","unstructured":"Raine, A., Brennan, P., Farrington, D., & Mednick, S. A. (1997a). The biosocial bases of violence: Theory and research. New York: Plenum."},{"key":"9792_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199710000-00029","volume":"36","author":"A Raine","year":"1997","unstructured":"Raine, A., Venables, P. H., & Mednick, S. A. (1997b). Low resting heart rate at age 3 years predisposes to aggression at age 11 years: findings from the mauritius joint child health project. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 1457\u20131464.","journal-title":"Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"9792_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.8.745","volume":"55","author":"A Raine","year":"1998","unstructured":"Raine, A., Reynolds, C., Venables, P. H., Mednick, S. A., & Farrington, D. P. (1998). Fearlessness, stimulation-seeking, and large body size at age 3 years as early predispositions to childhood aggression at age 11 years. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 745\u2013751.","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"9792_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20115","volume":"32","author":"A Raine","year":"2006","unstructured":"Raine, A., Dodge, K., Loeber, R., Gatzke-Kopp, L., Lynam, D., Reynolds, C., et al. (2006). The reactive-proactive aggression (RPQ) questionnaire: differential correlates of reactive and proactive aggression in adolescent boys. Aggressive Behavior, 32, 159\u2013171.","journal-title":"Aggressive Behavior"},{"key":"9792_CR59","unstructured":"Raine, A., Fung, A., & Spring, V 2013. Low heart rate as a risk factor for childhood psychopathic and aggressive behavior. Unpublished manuscript."},{"key":"9792_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(05)70318-X","volume":"20","author":"A Scarpa","year":"1997","unstructured":"Scarpa, A., & Raine, A. (1997). Psychophysiology of anger and violent behavior. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 20, 375\u2013394.","journal-title":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America"},{"key":"9792_CR61","first-page":"320","volume-title":"The neuropsychology of emotion","author":"A Scarpa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Scarpa, A., & Raine, A. (2000). Violence associated with anger and impulsivity. In J. Borod (Ed.), The neuropsychology of emotion (pp. 320\u2013339). New York: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"9792_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2009.11.006","volume":"84","author":"A Scarpa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scarpa, A., Haden, S. C., & Tanaka, A. (2010). Being hot-tempered: autonomic, emotional, and behavioral distinctions between childhood reactive and proactive aggression. Biological Psychology, 84, 488\u2013496.","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022695601088","volume":"26","author":"D Schwartz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Schwartz, D., Dodge, K. A., Coie, J. D., Hubbard, J. A., Cilessen, A. H. N., Lemerise, E. A., et al. (1998). Social-cognitive and behavioral correlates of aggression and victimization in boys\u2019 play groups. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26, 431\u2013440.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.37.4.520","volume":"37","author":"D Schwartz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schwartz, D., Chang, L., & Farver, J. M. (2001). Correlates of victimization in Chinese children\u2019s peer groups. Developmental Psychology, 37, 520\u2013532.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01856885","volume":"17","author":"CF Sharpley","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sharpley, C. F. (1994). Differences in pulse rate and heart rate and effects on the calculation of heart rate reactivity during periods of mental stress. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 17, 99.","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine"},{"key":"9792_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp2704_2","volume":"27","author":"A Shields","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shields, A., & Cicchetti, D. (1998). Reactive aggression among maltreated children: the contributions of attention and emotion dysregulation. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 27, 381\u2013395.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1207\/S15374424jccp2901_9","volume":"29","author":"CM Smithmyer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Smithmyer, C. M., Hubbard, J. A., & Simons, R. F. (2000). Proactive and reactive aggression in delinquent adolescents: relations to aggression outcome expectancies. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29, 86\u201393.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20361","volume":"51","author":"L Staton","year":"2009","unstructured":"Staton, L., El-Sheikh, M., & Buckhalt, J. A. (2009). Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and cognitive functioning in children. Developmental Psychobiology, 51, 249\u2013258.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychobiology"},{"key":"9792_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1994.tb01020.x","volume":"31","author":"PE Suess","year":"1994","unstructured":"Suess, P. E., Porges, S. W., & Plude, D. J. (1994). Cardiac vagal tone and sustained attention in school-age children. Psychophysiology, 31, 17\u201322.","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"9792_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198906000-00019","volume":"21","author":"FA Treiber","year":"1989","unstructured":"Treiber, F. A., Musante, L., Hartdagan, S., Davis, H., Levy, M., & Strong, W. B. (1989). Validation of a heart rate monitor with children in laboratory and field settings. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 21, 338\u2013342.","journal-title":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"},{"key":"9792_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950090064009","volume":"51","author":"RE Tremblay","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tremblay, R. E., Vitaro, F., & Dobkin, P. L. (1994). Predicting early onset of male antisocial behavior from preschool behavior. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 732\u2013739.","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"9792_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.1.149","volume":"133","author":"S Goozen Van","year":"2007","unstructured":"Van Goozen, S., Fairchild, G., Snoek, H., & Harold, G. T. (2007). The evidence for a neurobiological model of childhood antisocial behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 133, 149\u2013182.","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"9792_CR73","first-page":"178","volume-title":"The developmental origins of aggression","author":"F Vitaro","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vitaro, F., & Brendgen, M. (2005). Proactive and reactive aggression: A developmental perspective. In R. E. Tremblay, W. M. Hartup, & J. Archer (Eds.), The developmental origins of aggression (pp. 178\u2013201). New York: Guilford."},{"key":"9792_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00040","volume":"43","author":"F Vitaro","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vitaro, F., Brendgen, M., & Tremblay, R. E. (2002). Reactively and proactively aggressive children: antecedent and subsequent characteristics. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43, 495\u2013505.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"9792_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025406059968","volume":"30","author":"F Vitaro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vitaro, F., Brendgen, M., & Barker, E. D. (2006). Subtypes of aggressive behavior: a developmental perspective. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 30, 12\u201319.","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Development"},{"key":"9792_CR76","first-page":"132","volume-title":"Computers in psychology","author":"EJM Weber","year":"1991","unstructured":"Weber, E. J. M., Molenaar, P. C., & van der Molen, M. W. (1991). PSPAT: a program for spectral analysis of point events including a test for stationarity. In L. J. M. Mulder et al. (Eds.), Computers in psychology (pp. 132\u2013139). Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger."},{"key":"9792_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-007-9198-0","volume":"36","author":"Y Xu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Xu, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2008). Distinguishing proactive and reactive aggression in Chinese children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 539\u2013552.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology"},{"key":"9792_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2008.01257.x","volume":"80","author":"Y Xu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Farver, J. M., & Zhang, Z. (2009). Temperament, harsh and indulgent parenting, and Chinese children\u2019s proactive and reactive aggression. Child Development, 80, 244\u2013258.","journal-title":"Child Development"}],"container-title":["Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10802-013-9792-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10802-013-9792-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10802-013-9792-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,21]],"date-time":"2019-07-21T09:13:32Z","timestamp":1563700412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10802-013-9792-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"alternative-id":["9792"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-013-9792-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-0627","1573-2835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-0627","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]]}}}