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Therefore, the current study examined the effect of a targeted prevention program for childhood disruptive behavior on targeted factors (i.e., perspective taking and self-control) and associations between change in targeted factors and outcomes (i.e., aspects of disruptive behavior). The sample consisted of 173 children (<jats:italic>Mage<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910.2\u00a0years) who were randomly assigned to an intervention condition (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200970) or waitlist control condition (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009103). Assessment took place at pre-, post- and follow-up measurements. For ethical considerations, follow-up data was not available for children on the waitlist. Findings revealed a direct intervention effect on self-control. From pre-test to follow-up, children who received the intervention improved in perspective taking and self-control. Moreover, improvements in self-control were associated with and predicted reductions in teacher-reported symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder. No associations were found between changes in perspective taking and disruptive behavior. These findings suggest that self-control may be an important target factor in reducing childhood disruptive behavior in targeted prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-020-00761-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T00:28:39Z","timestamp":1610584119000},"page":"657-670","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Role of Perspective Taking and Self-Control in a Preventive Intervention Targeting Childhood Disruptive Behavior"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7687-1078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karlijn","family":"Nijhof","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6182-6920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lysanne W.","family":"te Brinke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2993-9359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urdur","family":"Njardvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3517-9285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliette M.","family":"Liber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"761_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-010-9408-z","volume":"38","author":"WF Arsenio","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arsenio, W. 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Additionally, written informed consent was obtained from children aged 12\u00a0years or older that were included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}}]}}