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A general population sample of 622 children was followed up yearly from ages 3 to 12 years and assessed using dimensional measures of irritability, headstrong\/defiant, and CU traits with teacher provided information. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model, accounting for all unmeasured time-invariant confounding using the children as their own controls, revealed cross-lagged reciprocal associations between increased headstrong\/defiant and increased CU traits at all ages and a unidirectional association from headstrong\/defiant to irritability. The findings are consistent with headstrong\/defiant behavior and CU traits mutually influencing each other over time and headstrong\/defiant behavior enhancing irritability. School-based intervention and prevention programs should take these findings into consideration. They also suggest that irritability acts as a distinct developmental dimension of headstrong\/defiant and callous-unemotional behaviors and needs to be addressed independently.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-022-00910-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T07:02:51Z","timestamp":1647327771000},"page":"1179-1190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Reciprocal relations between dimensions of Oppositional defiant problems and callous-unemotional traits"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8957-083X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lourdes","family":"Ezpeleta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6796-7660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Penelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5929-4224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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